Improved graph cut model with features of superpixels and neighborhood patches for myocardium segmentation from ultrasound image

Ultrasound (US) imaging has the technical advantages for the functional evaluation of myocardium compared with other imaging modalities. However, it is a challenge of extracting the myocardial tissues from the background due to low quality of US imaging. To better extract the myocardial tissues, this study proposes a semi-supervised segmentation method of fast Superpixels and Neighborhood Patches based Continuous Min-Cut (fSP-CMC). The US image is represented by a graph, which is constructed depending on the features of superpixels and neighborhood patches

Measurement model of brass plated tyre steel cord based on wave feature extraction

In the production of Truck and Bus Radial (TBR) vehicle tyres, one of the essential components is the wire that supports the tyre. There are several types of tyre wire, one of which is Brass Plated Tyre Steel Cord (BPTSC), produced by Bekaert Indonesia Company. BPTSC object has a micro-size with a diameter of 0.230 mm and has a wave shape. In checking the quality of steel straps, brass-coated tyres are usually measured manually by experienced experts by measuring instruments to measure the diameter using a micrometre, wave amount, and wavelength using a profile projector. The manual measurement process results in inaccuracy due to fatigue in employees' eyes and low lighting and must be repeated, thus, consuming more time. Technological developments that use computer vision are increasingly widespread. Moreover, from the results of studies in various literature, it is proposed to combine the models obtained to find new models to solve this problem. The objectives of this study were to implement and evaluate an automatic segmentation method for obtaining regions of interest, to propose a BPTSC diameter, wave amount, and wavelength measurement model based on its edge, and to evaluate the proposed model by comparing the results with standard and industrial measurement results. The technique to prepare the brass plated tyre steel cord was done in two ways: image acquisition techniques with enhanced image quality, noise removal, and edge detection. Secondly, ground truth techniques were utilised to find the truth about the stages of the image acquisition process. Finally, sensitivity testing was conducted to find the similarity between the acquired images and the ground truth data using Jaccard, Dice, and Cosine similarity method. From 148 wire samples, the average similarity value was 93% by Jaccard, 96% by Dice, and 91% by the Cosine method. Thus, it can be concluded that the acquisition stage of the brass-coated steel tyre cable with image processing techniques can be carried out. For the subsequent process, the pixel distance and the sliding windows model applied can correctly detect the diameter of the BPTSC properly. The wave amount and wavelength of BPTSC objects in the form of waves were measured using several local minima and maxima approaches. This included maxima of local minima maxima distance, the average of local minima maxima distance, and perpendicular shape to centre distance for measuring wave amounts. While for wavelength measurements, the midpoint of local maxima minima distance and the intersection of local maxima minima with a central line were used. Measurement results were evaluated to determine the accuracy and efficiency of the measurement process compared to standard production values using the accuracy, precision, recall, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) test. From the evaluation results of the two methods, the accuracy rate of diameter measurement is 97%, wave rate measurement is 95%, and wavelength measurement is 90%. A new model was formed from the evaluation results that could solve these problems and provide scientific and beneficial contributions to society in general and the companies related to this industry

Evaluation of Similarity Metrics Under the Context of an Autonomous Reactive System

Currently, in the field of robotics, institutions and researchers are working on the design and development of autonomous navigation systems on robots for dynamic environments. The most advanced implementations of autonomous behaviors are found on vehicles or wheeled devices, allowing them to move on controlled environments and even on rough terrain. In this paper, it is presented the design of an autonomous reactive system for humanoid robots. This system requires to know the current state of the robot, during a specific activity, to make the right reactive action for a specific situation. In the context of inquiring the current state of the robot, we consider the implementation of a knowledge base populated with diverse states of the joints and their possible reactive actions. To recover the possible reactive actions from the knowledge base, it is required to search for the current state of the robot in the knowledge base. However, this process may incur in high computational cost depending on the size of the knowledge base. Therefore, in this work, we carried out a comparative study of six similarity metrics, with the objective of identifying the metric that offers the best computational time. In these studies, it is identified that the metrics with lower mathematical complexity showed the best results. Additionally, we used Wilcoxon and Friedman statistics tests to assess the performance of the similarity metrics. Finally, we included an analysis of the characteristics and functionality of several similarity metrics, which showed that some of them are not suitable in the context of our proposal. On the other hand, other metrics were identified as viable and with potential for future works

Swarm-Organized Topographic Mapping

Topographieerhaltende Abbildungen versuchen, hochdimensionale oder komplexe Datenbestände auf einen niederdimensionalen Ausgaberaum abzubilden, wobei die Topographie der Daten hinreichend gut wiedergegeben werden soll. Die Qualität solcher Abbildung hängt gewöhnlich vom eingesetzten Nachbarschaftskonzept des konstruierenden Algorithmus ab. Die Schwarm-Organisierte Projektion ermöglicht eine Lösung dieses Parametrisierungsproblems durch die Verwendung von Techniken der Schwarmintelligenz. Die praktische Verwendbarkeit dieser Methodik wurde durch zwei Anwendungen auf dem Feld der Molekularbiologie sowie der Finanzanalytik demonstriert

Engineering of reconfigurable integrated photonics for quantum computation protocols

Over the last decade, integrated optics has emerged as one of the main technologies for quantum optics and more generally quantum computation, quantum cryptography and communication. In particular, it is fundamental for the construction of reconfigurable interferometers with a high number of optical modes. In this thesis we present, on the one hand, the development of a new geometry for the creation of integrated reconfigurable devices with a high number of modes and, on the other hand, the development of quantum computation protocols to be realized in integrated photonic chips. In the first part, two algorithms are proposed for the characterization of integrated circuits in terms of implemented unitary matrix. The first uses a so-called Black Box approach, i.e. one that makes no assumptions about the internal structure of the device under consideration, and it is based on second-order correlation measurements with coherent light. The second is specific to a planar rectangular geometry, first proposed by Clements et al., which has a variety of applications in the literature and is also employed in this thesis. Subsequently, we present the realization of a new 32-mode reconfigurable integrated photonic device with a continuously coupled three-dimensional geometry. Its potential in terms of reconfigurability is tested and a Boson sampling experiment with three and four photons is carried out to show its potential in the field of quantum computation. In the second part, we propose the application of integrated photonic devices to two quantum computation protocols. The first was recently proposed and is the quantum extension of a problem called Bernoulli factory. It consists in the construction of a qubit from $n$ qubits in the same unknown state so that there is a predetermined exact relation between the output and input states. In the thesis, we theoretically analyze the computational complexity of the problem in terms of the qubits used and the success probability of the problem. Furthermore, a photonic implementation is proposed and experimentally tested for correctness and resilience to experimental noise. The second application consists of the experimental implementation of a quantum metrology protocol in which three distinct phases are estimated simultaneously, showing that the use of indistinguishable photons leads to an advantage in terms of the variance of the estimates

New Directions for Contact Integrators

Contact integrators are a family of geometric numerical schemes which guarantee the conservation of the contact structure. In this work we review the construction of both the variational and Hamiltonian versions of these methods. We illustrate some of the advantages of geometric integration in the dissipative setting by focusing on models inspired by recent studies in celestial mechanics and cosmology.Comment: To appear as Chapter 24 in GSI 2021, Springer LNCS 1282

SIS 2017. Statistics and Data Science: new challenges, new generations

The 2017 SIS Conference aims to highlight the crucial role of the Statistics in Data Science. In this new domain of ‘meaning’ extracted from the data, the increasing amount of produced and available data in databases, nowadays, has brought new challenges. That involves different fields of statistics, machine learning, information and computer science, optimization, pattern recognition. These afford together a considerable contribute in the analysis of ‘Big data’, open data, relational and complex data, structured and no-structured. The interest is to collect the contributes which provide from the different domains of Statistics, in the high dimensional data quality validation, sampling extraction, dimensional reduction, pattern selection, data modelling, testing hypotheses and confirming conclusions drawn from the data