2,038 research outputs found
Emerging privacy challenges and approaches in CAV systems
The growth of Internet-connected devices, Internet-enabled services and Internet of Things systems continues at a rapid pace, and their application to transport systems is heralded as game-changing. Numerous developing CAV (Connected and Autonomous Vehicle) functions, such as traffic planning, optimisation, management, safety-critical and cooperative autonomous driving applications, rely on data from various sources. The efficacy of these functions is highly dependent on the dimensionality, amount and accuracy of the data being shared. It holds, in general, that the greater the amount of data available, the greater the efficacy of the function. However, much of this data is privacy-sensitive, including personal, commercial and research data. Location data and its correlation with identity and temporal data can help infer other personal information, such as home/work locations, age, job, behavioural features, habits, social relationships. This work categorises the emerging privacy challenges and solutions for CAV systems and identifies the knowledge gap for future research, which will minimise and mitigate privacy concerns without hampering the efficacy of the functions
Platform Rules: Multi-Sided Platforms as Regulators
This paper provides a basic conceptual framework for interpreting non-price instruments used by multi-sided platforms (MSPs) by analogizing MSPs as "private regulators" who regulate access to and interactions around the platform. We present evidence on Facebook, TopCoder, Roppongi Hills and Harvard Business School to document the "regulatory" role played by MSPs. We find MSPs use nuanced combinations of legal, technological, informational and other instruments (including price-setting) to implement desired outcomes. Non-price instruments were very much at the core of MSP strategies.Platforms, regulation, network effects, distributed innovation
The Freetown Declaration: Countercyclical Policy for Africa
In August 2009 the African finance ministers issued the Freetown Declaration, in which they committed their governments to âimplement fiscal stimulus measuresâ to counter the effects of the international financial crisis on their economies.ďż˝ This paper analyzes the feasibility of realizing this commitment. It considers the availability of policy instruments in the sub-Saharan countries for countercyclical intervention.ďż˝ On the basis of this, the paper proposes a fiscal stimulus tailored to the conditions and constrains of the countries of the region.ďż˝ In a majority of the countries the fiscal expansion could be financed domestically, in other countries governments would require additional external funding, and only for a few countries would a stimulus not be appropriate. >> Watch an interview with John Weeks on the economic basis ofsocial democracy
Blockchain-Based Decentralized Knowledge Marketplace Using Active Inference
A knowledge market can be described as a type of market where there is a
consistent supply of data to satisfy the demand for information and is
responsible for the mapping of potential problem solvers with the entities
which need these solutions. It is possible to define them as value-exchange
systems in which the dynamic features of the creation and exchange of
intellectual assets serve as the fundamental drivers of the frequency, nature,
and outcomes of interactions among various stakeholders. Furthermore, the
provision of financial backing for research is an essential component in the
process of developing a knowledge market that is capable of enduring over time,
and it is also an essential driver of the progression of scientific
investigation. This paper underlines flaws associated with the conventional
knowledge-based market, including but not limited to excessive financing
concentration, ineffective information exchange, a lack of security, mapping of
entities, etc. The authors present a decentralized framework for the knowledge
marketplace incorporating technologies such as blockchain, active inference,
zero-knowledge proof, etc. The proposed decentralized framework provides not
only an efficient mapping mechanism to map entities in the marketplace but also
a more secure and controlled way to share knowledge and services among various
stakeholders
Monetizing Car Data: A Literature Review on Data-Driven Business Models in the Connected Car Domain
The amount of data generated by a single modern vehicle is exploding. Consequently, the entire global automotive industry is facing the question of how to monetize this valuable data. Triggered by the connectivity trend, data-driven business models disrupt the automotive ecosystem by changing mobility behavior, proliferation of technical enablers, new strategic collaborations, and shifting revenue streams. In this study, we analyze the existing body of literature on data-driven business models in the connected car domain and structure it according to four dimensions---value proposition, value architecture, value network, and value finance. Thereby, we contribute to the business model research by providing a comprehensive overview and categorization of existing works in this area and laying the foundation for future research
Putting your money where your mouth is: monetizing knowledge using communication roles
In this paper we suggest that knowledge flows constitute the antecedences of value creation by means of its communication component. We bridge accounting theory with communication theory and explain how the role of communication is instrumental in capturing the knowledge value and allows for a connection with monetary value. Knowledge is increasingly accepted as a source of value creation and a differentiator between firms. Building on the perspective of knowledge as a flow, and postulating that value is based on knowledge use â rather than knowledge possession â this paper address the research question: How can we express knowledge in such a way that it can be monetized and opened up for specific managerial interventions? Extant literature on organizational communication roles emphasizes the role of boundary-spanners in search and combination of experience and tacit knowledge. Individual nodes in the organizations network can possess knowledge. However, to be valuable the knowledge resources need to be deployed and utilized. The use of knowledge will involve the communication of this knowledge through ties to other nodes. The paper proposes that the boundary-spanning roles provide the focal point for such monetization efforts. The contribution of this paper is five propositions for future research on how management accounting and control systems can be brought to bear in their governable and calculable aspects if communication functions are given more attention
IT-Sicherheit im Wettstreit um die erste autonome Fahrzeugflotte: Ein Diffusionsmodell
In der Fahrzeugindustrie halten aktuell eine Reihe von Neuerungen Einâ
zug. So sorgen neben dem Umstieg auf EâMobilität hochtechnologische
Assistenzsysteme in Fahrzeugen fßr einschneidende Veränderungen.
Eine weitere mit diesen neuen Systemen einhergehende Neuerung ist,
dass Autos nun wie Smartphones mit regelmäĂigen Updates versorgt
werden. Der Hersteller Tesla behauptet sogar, seine Autos in Zukunft
per Softwareupdate zum vollautonomen Fahrzeug upgraden zu kĂśnnen.
Diese Entwicklung kann zu einer nicht nachhaltigen und risikoreichen
Entwicklung der ITâSecurity und der Umweltbilanz des Fahrzeugsektors
fĂźhren.
IT security and competition in the automotive industry
A diffusion model
Todayâs automotive industry is changing rapidly. The slow movement
toward electric mobility and highly technical assistant systems chal-
lenge old hierarchies. Another innovation associated with the latter is
that cars now receive regular software updates, just like smartphones.
Tesla even claims to be able to upgrade their cars to fully autonomous
driving in the future. This could lead to an unsustainable and risky
development of IT security and the environmental performance of the
vehicle sector
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