211 research outputs found
Natural and Technological Hazards in Urban Areas
Natural hazard events and technological accidents are separate causes of environmental impacts. Natural hazards are physical phenomena active in geological times, whereas technological hazards result from actions or facilities created by humans. In our time, combined natural and man-made hazards have been induced. Overpopulation and urban development in areas prone to natural hazards increase the impact of natural disasters worldwide. Additionally, urban areas are frequently characterized by intense industrial activity and rapid, poorly planned growth that threatens the environment and degrades the quality of life. Therefore, proper urban planning is crucial to minimize fatalities and reduce the environmental and economic impacts that accompany both natural and technological hazardous events
Challenges and Limitation Analysis of an IoT-Dependent System for Deployment in Smart Healthcare Using Communication Standards Features
The use of IoT technology is rapidly increasing in healthcare development and smart
healthcare system for fitness programs, monitoring, data analysis, etc. To improve the efficiency
of monitoring, various studies have been conducted in this field to achieve improved precision.
The architecture proposed herein is based on IoT integrated with a cloud system in which power
absorption and accuracy are major concerns. We discuss and analyze development in this domain
to improve the performance of IoT systems related to health care. Standards of communication for
IoT data transmission and reception can help to understand the exact power absorption in different
devices to achieve improved performance for healthcare development. We also systematically analyze
the use of IoT in healthcare systems using cloud features, as well as the performance and limitations
of IoT in this field. Furthermore, we discuss the design of an IoT system for efficient monitoring of
various healthcare issues in elderly people and limitations of an existing system in terms of resources,
power absorption and security when implemented in different devices as per requirements. Blood
pressure and heartbeat monitoring in pregnant women are examples of high-intensity applications
of NB-IoT (narrowband IoT), technology that supports widespread communication with a very
low data cost and minimum processing complexity and battery lifespan. This article also focuses
on analysis of the performance of narrowband IoT in terms of delay and throughput using singleand
multinode approaches. We performed analysis using the message queuing telemetry transport
protocol (MQTTP), which was found to be efficient compared to the limited application protocol
(LAP) in sending information from sensors.Ministerio Español de Ciencia e Innovación under project
number PID2020-115570GB-C22 (DemocratAI::UGR)Cátedra de Empresa Tecnología para
las Personas (UGR-Fujitsu
The Role of ICT in transport and logistics processes management
The complexity of managing transport and logistics processes is a massive challenge in finding optimal management solutions that meet the requirements of green development. There are questions about management support for transport and logistics processes. In addition, the subtleties of developing solutions for maintaining existing transport and logistics activities highlight the complex nature of transport and logistics management processes. The article focuses on applying advanced solutions for the practical management of transport and logistics processes. In the transport and logistics sector, an increase in new suppliers of telemetry systems is observed every day, which has been going on for 4-5 years, and this is statistically visible in the IAA Transportation 2022 records of one of the largest biennial transport and logistics exhibitions. There is an evident growth in the number of participants of manufacturers and service providers of telemetry systems, which since the exhibition held in 2016 has more than doubled, while around the world, the number of new companies supplying telemetry systems has increased to more than 300 per year. The growth of competitiveness also impacts the development of functions that provide new opportunities for customers to make their business more efficient or to receive services that ensure a comfortable life. Digital information generated by vehicles, which, when systematized, is presented to the end driver, is gradually becoming the future of this area of business and leads to responsible resource utilization, monitoring, control, and utilization of user-friendly technologies, leading toward a more sustainable future. An analysis of scientific papers has proven that the theoretical link exists between telemetry systems and their application in the transport sector; however, the judge research gap is in applying different quantitative methods for solving transport problems with the help of telemetry solutions
Cloud Computing for Efficient Data Storage and Processing in Maritime Logistics
Considering that the maritime logistics is by volume and financial value the largest logistics sector
enabling global trade, the number of supply chains is constantly growing, as well as the number of
supply chain stakeholders. Due to the large number of stakeholders in the supply chains, the volume
of generated data is enormous. Therefore, it is necessary to implement modern and intelligent
solutions for processing and storing the data. One possible solution for processing and storing the
data in maritime logistics is cloud computing. There are different approaches to implementing cloud
computing in maritime logistics. In this paper, the authors present a detailed structure of the maritime
cloud and compare it with the legacy systems. Finally, the advantages and challenges arising from the
implementation of cloud computing in maritime logistics are analyzed
Robots learn to behave: improving human-robot collaboration in flexible manufacturing applications
L'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
Seamless connectivity:investigating implementation challenges of multibroker MQTT platform for smart environmental monitoring
Abstract. This thesis explores the performance and efficiency of MQTT-based infrastructure Internet of Things (IoT) sensor networks for smart environment. The study focuses on the impact of network latency and broker switching in distributed multi-broker MQTT platforms. The research involves three case studies: a cloud-based multi-broker deployment, a Local Area Network (LAN)-based multi-broker deployment, and a multi-layer LAN network-based multi-broker deployment. The research is guided by three objectives: quantifying and analyzing the latency of multi-broker MQTT platforms; investigating the benefits of distributed brokers for edge users; and assessing the impact of switching latency at applications. This thesis ultimately seeks to answer three key questions related to network and switching latency, the merits of distributed brokers, and the influence of switching latency on the reliability of end-user applications
CHALLENGES AND ISSUES OF MODERN SCIENCE
The “Challenges and Issues of Modern Science” collection comprises scientific research on relevant topics related to the latest advancements in various fields of science. Emphasis is placed on developing aerospace technology, thermodynamics and energy, mechanical engineering, materials science and technologies, automation, electronics and telecommunications, information technology, project management, ecology, and industrial and environmental safety.
It can be helpful for professionals in the respective fields, scientists, educators, and students. The presented material will help readers expand their knowledge of diverse approaches to solving current scientific and practical issues.
The papers are published in the author's edition.
До збірника «Виклики та проблеми сучасної науки» увійшли наукові праці з актуальних тем, що пов’язані з найновішими досягненнями в різних галузях науки. Акцентується увага на розвитку аерокосмічної техніки, термодинаміки та енергетики, машинобудування, матеріалознавства та технологій, автоматизації, електроніки та телекомунікацій, інформаційних технологій, управління проектами, екології, промислової та екологічної безпеки.
Може бути корисним для фахівців у відповідних галузях, науковців, викладачів та студентів. Поданий матеріал допоможе читачам розширити знання про різноманітні підходи до розв’язання актуальних науково-практичних задач.
Матеріали публікуються в авторській редакції
New techniques to integrate blockchain in Internet of Things scenarios for massive data management
Mención Internacional en el título de doctorNowadays, regardless of the use case, most IoT data is processed using
workflows that are executed on different infrastructures (edge-fog-cloud),
which produces dataflows from the IoT through the edge to the fog/cloud.
In many cases, they also involve several actors (organizations and users),
which poses a challenge for organizations to establish verification of the
transactions performed by the participants in the dataflows built by the
workflow engines and pipeline frameworks. It is essential for organizations,
not only to verify that the execution of applications is performed in the
strict sequence previously established in a DAG by authenticated participants,
but also to verify that the incoming and outgoing IoT data of each
stage of a workflow/pipeline have not been altered by third parties or by the
users associated to the organizations participating in a workflow/pipeline.
Blockchain technology and its mechanism for recording immutable transactions
in a distributed and decentralized manner, characterize it as an
ideal technology to support the aforementioned challenges and challenges since it allows the verification of the records generated in a secure manner.
However, the integration of blockchain technology with workflows for IoT
data processing is not trivial considering that it is a challenge not to lose
the generalization of workflows and/or pipeline engines, which must be
modified to include the embedded blockchain module. The main objective
of this doctoral research was to create new techniques to use blockchain
in the Internet of Things (IoT). Thus, we defined the main goal of this thesis
is to develop new techniques to integrate blockchain in Internet of
Things scenarios for massive data management in edge-fog-cloud environments.
To fulfill this general objective, we have designed a content
delivery model for processing big IoT data in Edge-Fog-Cloud computing
by using micro/nanoservice composition, a continuous verification model
based on blockchain to register significant events from the continuous delivery
model, selecting techniques to integrate blockchain in quasi-real systems
that allow ensuring traceability and non-repudiation of data obtained
from devices and sensors. The evaluation proposed has been thoroughly
evaluated, showing its feasibility and good performance.Hoy en día, independientemente del caso de uso, la mayoría de los datos
de IoT se procesan utilizando flujos de trabajo que se ejecutan en diferentes
infraestructuras (edge-fog-cloud) desde IoT a través del edge hasta la
fog/cloud. En muchos casos, también involucran a varios actores (organizaciones
y usuarios), lo que plantea un desafío para las organizaciones a la
hora de verificar las transacciones realizadas por los participantes en los
flujos de datos. Es fundamental para las organizaciones, no solo para verificar
que la ejecución de aplicaciones se realiza en la secuencia previamente
establecida en un DAG y por participantes autenticados, sino también para
verificar que los datos IoT entrantes y salientes de cada etapa de un flujo
de trabajo no han sido alterados por terceros o por usuarios asociados a
las organizaciones que participan en el mismo. La tecnología Blockchain,
gracias a su mecanismo para registrar transacciones de manera distribuida
y descentralizada, es un tecnología ideal para soportar los retos y desafíos
antes mencionados ya que permite la verificación de los registros generados de manera segura. Sin embargo, la integración de la tecnología blockchain
con flujos de trabajo para IoT no es baladí considerando que es un desafío
proporcionar el rendimiento necesario sin perder la generalización de los
motores de flujos de trabajo, que deben ser modificados para incluir el
módulo blockchain integrado. El objetivo principal de esta investigación
doctoral es desarrollar nuevas técnicas para integrar blockchain en Internet
de las Cosas (IoT) para la gestión masiva de datos en un entorno
edge-fog-cloud. Para cumplir con este objetivo general, se ha diseñado
un modelo de flujos para procesar grandes datos de IoT en computación
Edge-Fog-Cloud mediante el uso de la composición de micro/nanoservicio,
un modelo de verificación continua basado en blockchain para registrar
eventos significativos de la modelo de entrega continua de datos, seleccionando
técnicas para integrar blockchain en sistemas cuasi-reales que
permiten asegurar la trazabilidad y el no repudio de datos obtenidos de
dispositivos y sensores, La evaluación propuesta ha sido minuciosamente
evaluada, mostrando su factibilidad y buen rendimiento.This work has been partially supported by the project "CABAHLA-CM: Convergencia
Big data-Hpc: de los sensores a las Aplicaciones" S2018/TCS-4423
from Madrid Regional Government.Programa de Doctorado en Ciencia y Tecnología Informática por la Universidad Carlos III de MadridPresidente: Paolo Trunfio.- Secretario: David Exposito Singh.- Vocal: Rafael Mayo Garcí
Dutkat: A Privacy-Preserving System for Automatic Catch Documentation and Illegal Activity Detection in the Fishing Industry
United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 14 aims to conserve and sustainably use the oceans and their resources for the benefit of people and the planet. This includes protecting marine ecosystems, preventing pollution, and overfishing, and increasing scientific understanding of the oceans. Achieving this goal will help ensure the health and well-being of marine life and the millions of people who rely on the oceans for their livelihoods. In order to ensure sustainable fishing practices, it is important to have a system in place for automatic catch documentation.
This thesis presents our research on the design and development of Dutkat, a privacy-preserving, edge-based system for catch documentation and detection of illegal activities in the fishing industry. Utilising machine learning techniques, Dutkat can analyse large amounts of data and identify patterns that may indicate illegal activities such as overfishing or illegal discard of catch. Additionally, the system can assist in catch documentation by automating the process of identifying and counting fish species, thus reducing potential human error and increasing efficiency. Specifically, our research has consisted of the development of various components of the Dutkat system, evaluation through experimentation, exploration of existing data, and organization of machine learning competitions. We have also implemented it from a compliance-by-design perspective to ensure that the system is in compliance with data protection laws and regulations such as GDPR. Our goal with Dutkat is to promote sustainable fishing practices, which aligns with the Sustainable Development Goal 14, while simultaneously protecting the privacy and rights of fishing crews
A Design-Science-Research Approach
Neue Organisationsformen, wie evolutionäre Organisationen, bilden in vielen Kooperationsszenarien sozio-technische Konstrukte mit modernen CSCW Anwendungen aus. Daher erfordern Veränderungen dieser sozialen Systeme eine kontinuierliche Anpassung der technischen Tools an die neuen sozialen Konfigurationen.
Diese Dissertation ist als Design Science Research (DSR) Projekt konzipiert und addressiert die folgende Forschungsfrage (RQ): “Wie können soziotechnische, evolutionäre Organisationen die Herausforderungen der joint optimization und des organizational choice während ihrer autopoietischen Veränderungsprozesse addressieren?”
Die Fallstudie Viva con Agua de St. Pauli e.V. wurde mittels qualitativer und ethnographischer Methoden im Rahmen der entsprechenden DSR Zyklen untersucht. Das Forschungsprojekt fokussiert die Entwicklung von Artefakten indem sowohl eine technische, als auch eine soziale Perspektive eingenommen wird.
Aus der technische Perspektive wird die RQ durch eine Microservice-Plattform adressiert. Die Architektur dient der Verteilung von Verantwortlichkeit für die Software in einem heterogenen Netzwerk von Entwickler:innen. Dabei müssen diverse neue Herausforderungen beachtet werden, wie etwa die Verteilung des User Interface.
Durch die Betrachtung der RQ aus der sozialen Perspektive wird der USMU Workshop entwickelt. Dieses Artefakt dient der Verbindung der Charakteristika evolutionärer Organisationen mit agiler Software Entwicklung und mit Methoden des partizipativen Designs.
Die Studien zeigen, dass beide Artefakte die RQ adressieren. Zudem konnte ich für beide Artefakte wertvolle Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten aufzeigen. Somit motivieren die Ergebnisse den nächsten Schritt des Projekts und die vorliegende Thesis wird Bestandteil des zyklischen Ablaufs eines DSR Projekts.The emergence of new types of organizational structures, such as evolutionary-teal organizations, almost always leads to the development of socio-technical constructs when it comes to working in collaboration with modern CSCW applications. A consequence of this is that the social system’s autopoietic change processes create challenges that compel one to adjust the implementation of the technical tool to the social system’s new configuration.
This thesis is structured according to the design science research (DSR) approach and focuses on the research question (RQ): “How can socio-technical evolutionary-teal organizations address the challenges of joint optimization and organizational choice during their autopoietic processes?”
For this purpose, the case study Viva con Agua de St. Pauli e.V. is investigated using a qualitative ethnographical approach during the DSR cycles. Addressing the RQ, two artifacts are designed from a technical as well as a social perspective. While the technical perspective primarily investigates the adjustments of technology, the social perspective focuses on the management of change in socio-technical evolutionary-teal organizations.
I propose a microservice platform as an artifact that addresses the RQ from a technical perspective. The microservice architecture aims at spreading the responsibility for the software through a heterogeneous ecosystem of developers.
The newly designed USMU workshop is addressing the RQ from the social perspective. It strives to intertwine the characteristics of evolutionary-teal organizations with agile software development and participatory design methods.
In my studies, I examine the fact that both artifacts can be used to address the RQ. Additionally, I was able to identify valuable improvements for both of my artifacts. Hence, the project follows the lifecycle of a DSR project by reasoning through the results presented here for its next iteration
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