96 research outputs found
Enhanced Huffman Coded OFDM with Index Modulation
In this paper, we propose an enhanced Huffman coded orthogonal
frequency-division multiplexing with index modulation (EHC-OFDM-IM) scheme. The
proposed scheme is capable of utilizing all legitimate subcarrier activation
patterns (SAPs) and adapting the bijective mapping relation between SAPs and
leaves on a given Huffman tree according to channel state information (CSI). As
a result, a dynamic codebook update mechanism is obtained, which can provide
more reliable transmissions. We take the average block error rate (BLER) as the
performance evaluation metric and approximate it in closed form when the
transmit power allocated to each subcarrier is independent of channel states.
Also, we propose two CSI-based power allocation schemes with different
requirements for computational complexity to further improve the error
performance. Subsequently, we carry out numerical simulations to corroborate
the error performance analysis and the proposed dynamic power allocation
schemes. By studying the numerical results, we find that the depth of the
Huffman tree has a significant impact on the error performance when the
SAP-to-leaf mapping relation is optimized based on CSI. Meanwhile, through
numerical results, we also discuss the trade-off between error performance and
data transmission rate and investigate the impacts of imperfect CSI on the
error performance of EHC-OFDM-IM
Design guidelines for spatial modulation
A new class of low-complexity, yet energyefficient Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission techniques, namely the family of Spatial Modulation (SM) aided MIMOs (SM-MIMO) has emerged. These systems are capable of exploiting the spatial dimensions (i.e. the antenna indices) as an additional dimension invoked for transmitting information, apart from the traditional Amplitude and Phase Modulation (APM). SM is capable of efficiently operating in diverse MIMO configurations in the context of future communication systems. It constitutes a promising transmission candidate for large-scale MIMO design and for the indoor optical wireless communication whilst relying on a single-Radio Frequency (RF) chain. Moreover, SM may also be viewed as an entirely new hybrid modulation scheme, which is still in its infancy. This paper aims for providing a general survey of the SM design framework as well as of its intrinsic limits. In particular, we focus our attention on the associated transceiver design, on spatial constellation optimization, on link adaptation techniques, on distributed/ cooperative protocol design issues, and on their meritorious variants
Binary-Tree Encoding for Uniform Binary Sources in Index Modulation Systems
The problem of designing bit-to-pattern mappings and power allocation schemes
for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems that employ
subcarrier index modulation (IM) is considered. We assume the binary source
conveys a stream of independent, uniformly distributed bits to the pattern
mapper, which introduces a constraint on the pattern transmission probability
distribution that can be quantified using a binary tree formalism. Under this
constraint, we undertake the task of maximizing the achievable rate subject to
the availability of channel knowledge at the transmitter. The optimization
variables are the pattern probability distribution (i.e., the bit-to-pattern
mapping) and the transmit powers allocated to active subcarriers. To solve the
problem, we first consider the relaxed problem where pattern probabilities are
allowed to take any values in the interval [0,1] subject to a sum probability
constraint. We develop (approximately) optimal solutions to the relaxed problem
by using new bounds and asymptotic results, and then use a novel heuristic
algorithm to project the relaxed solution onto a point in the feasible set of
the constrained problem. Numerical analysis shows that this approach is capable
of achieving the maximum mutual information for the relaxed problem in low and
high-SNR regimes and offers noticeable benefits in terms of achievable rate
relative to a conventional OFDM-IM benchmark.Comment: 18 pages, 16 figures, 2 table
Constellation Shaping for WDM systems using 256QAM/1024QAM with Probabilistic Optimization
In this paper, probabilistic shaping is numerically and experimentally
investigated for increasing the transmission reach of wavelength division
multiplexed (WDM) optical communication system employing quadrature amplitude
modulation (QAM). An optimized probability mass function (PMF) of the QAM
symbols is first found from a modified Blahut-Arimoto algorithm for the optical
channel. A turbo coded bit interleaved coded modulation system is then applied,
which relies on many-to-one labeling to achieve the desired PMF, thereby
achieving shaping gain. Pilot symbols at rate at most 2% are used for
synchronization and equalization, making it possible to receive input
constellations as large as 1024QAM. The system is evaluated experimentally on a
10 GBaud, 5 channels WDM setup. The maximum system reach is increased w.r.t.
standard 1024QAM by 20% at input data rate of 4.65 bits/symbol and up to 75% at
5.46 bits/symbol. It is shown that rate adaptation does not require changing of
the modulation format. The performance of the proposed 1024QAM shaped system is
validated on all 5 channels of the WDM signal for selected distances and rates.
Finally, it was shown via EXIT charts and BER analysis that iterative
demapping, while generally beneficial to the system, is not a requirement for
achieving the shaping gain.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figures, Journal of Lightwave Technology, 201
The Telecommunications and Data Acquisition Report
This quarterly publication provides archival reports on developments in programs managed by JPL's Telecommunications and Mission Operations Directorate (TMOD), which now includes the former Telecommunications and Data Acquisition (TDA) Office. In space communications, radio navigation, radio science, and ground-based radio and radar astronomy, it reports on activities of the Deep Space Network (DSN) in planning, supporting research and technology, implementation, and operations. Also included are standards activity at JPL for space data and information systems and reimbursable DSN work performed for other space agencies through NASA. The preceding work is all performed for NASA's Office of Space Communications (OSC)
Cellular, Wide-Area, and Non-Terrestrial IoT: A Survey on 5G Advances and the Road Towards 6G
The next wave of wireless technologies is proliferating in connecting things
among themselves as well as to humans. In the era of the Internet of things
(IoT), billions of sensors, machines, vehicles, drones, and robots will be
connected, making the world around us smarter. The IoT will encompass devices
that must wirelessly communicate a diverse set of data gathered from the
environment for myriad new applications. The ultimate goal is to extract
insights from this data and develop solutions that improve quality of life and
generate new revenue. Providing large-scale, long-lasting, reliable, and near
real-time connectivity is the major challenge in enabling a smart connected
world. This paper provides a comprehensive survey on existing and emerging
communication solutions for serving IoT applications in the context of
cellular, wide-area, as well as non-terrestrial networks. Specifically,
wireless technology enhancements for providing IoT access in fifth-generation
(5G) and beyond cellular networks, and communication networks over the
unlicensed spectrum are presented. Aligned with the main key performance
indicators of 5G and beyond 5G networks, we investigate solutions and standards
that enable energy efficiency, reliability, low latency, and scalability
(connection density) of current and future IoT networks. The solutions include
grant-free access and channel coding for short-packet communications,
non-orthogonal multiple access, and on-device intelligence. Further, a vision
of new paradigm shifts in communication networks in the 2030s is provided, and
the integration of the associated new technologies like artificial
intelligence, non-terrestrial networks, and new spectra is elaborated. Finally,
future research directions toward beyond 5G IoT networks are pointed out.Comment: Submitted for review to IEEE CS&
Visible Light Communication (VLC)
Visible light communication (VLC) using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) or laser diodes (LDs) has been envisioned as one of the key enabling technologies for 6G and Internet of Things (IoT) systems, owing to its appealing advantages, including abundant and unregulated spectrum resources, no electromagnetic interference (EMI) radiation and high security. However, despite its many advantages, VLC faces several technical challenges, such as the limited bandwidth and severe nonlinearity of opto-electronic devices, link blockage and user mobility. Therefore, significant efforts are needed from the global VLC community to develop VLC technology further. This Special Issue, “Visible Light Communication (VLC)”, provides an opportunity for global researchers to share their new ideas and cutting-edge techniques to address the above-mentioned challenges. The 16 papers published in this Special Issue represent the fascinating progress of VLC in various contexts, including general indoor and underwater scenarios, and the emerging application of machine learning/artificial intelligence (ML/AI) techniques in VLC
Optics for AI and AI for Optics
Artificial intelligence is deeply involved in our daily lives via reinforcing the digital transformation of modern economies and infrastructure. It relies on powerful computing clusters, which face bottlenecks of power consumption for both data transmission and intensive computing. Meanwhile, optics (especially optical communications, which underpin today’s telecommunications) is penetrating short-reach connections down to the chip level, thus meeting with AI technology and creating numerous opportunities. This book is about the marriage of optics and AI and how each part can benefit from the other. Optics facilitates on-chip neural networks based on fast optical computing and energy-efficient interconnects and communications. On the other hand, AI enables efficient tools to address the challenges of today’s optical communication networks, which behave in an increasingly complex manner. The book collects contributions from pioneering researchers from both academy and industry to discuss the challenges and solutions in each of the respective fields
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