416,451 research outputs found
Assessment of sensor performance
There is an international commitment to develop a comprehensive, coordinated and sustained ocean observation system. However, a foundation for any observing, monitoring or research effort is effective and reliable in situ sensor technologies that accurately measure key environmental parameters. Ultimately, the data used for modelling efforts, management decisions and rapid responses to ocean hazards are only as good as the instruments that collect them. There is also a compelling need to develop and incorporate new or novel technologies to improve all aspects of existing observing systems and meet various emerging challenges.
Assessment of Sensor Performance was a cross-cutting issues session at the international OceanSensors08 workshop in WarnemĆ¼nde, Germany, which also has penetrated some of the papers published as a result of the workshop (Denuault, 2009; Krƶger et al., 2009; Zielinski et al., 2009). The discussions were focused on how best to classify and validate the instruments required for effective and reliable ocean observations and research. The following is a summary of the discussions and conclusions drawn from this workshop, which specifically addresses the characterisation of sensor systems, technology readiness levels, verification of sensor performance and quality management of sensor systems
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Dynamic error characteristics of touch trigger probes used with coordinate measuring machines
This paper discusses the dynamic error characteristics of touch trigger probes used with coordinate measuring machines. During the investigation, a number of important parameters have been identified, including measurement speed, probe longitude, approach distance, probe latitude, stylus length/stylus tip diameter, probe orientation, operating mode (scanning and nonscanning), scan pitch, preload spring force (gauging force), probe type, and the surface approach angle. This paper presents the detailed experimental design and the results obtained from the systematic experiments. These results have led to some useful recommendations for the reduction of the probe dynamic errors. Some of these recommendations included the selection of the optimum measurement speed, the setting of the preload spring force, and the choice of the probe type
Publishing LO(D)D: Linked Open (Dynamic) Data for Smart Sensing and Measuring Environments
The paper proposes a distributed framework that provides a systematic way to publish environment data which is being updated continuously; such updates might be issued at speciļ¬c time intervals or bound to some environment- speciļ¬c event. The framework targets smart environments having networks of devices and sensors which are interacting with each other and with their respective environments to gather and generate data and willing to publish this data. This paper addresses the issues of supporting the data publishers to maintain up-to-date and machine understandable representations, separation of views (static or dynamic data) and delivering up-to-date information to data consumers in real time, helping data consumers to keep track of changes triggered from diverse environments and keeping track of evolution of the smart environment. The paper also describes a prototype implementation of the proposed architecture. A preliminary use case implementation over a real energy metering infrastructure is also provided in the paper to prove the feasibility of the architectur
Integrated Environmental Process Planning for the Design & Manufacture of Automotive Components
Advanced Product Quality Planning (APQP) logic is widely used by manufacturers for
the design and manufacture of automotive components. Manufacturers are increasingly
finding difficulties to incorporate environmental considerations in the broad range of
products that they manufacture. Therefore, there is a need for a systematic method for
environmental process planning to evaluate product configurations and their associated
environmental impact. The framework and models discussed in this paper can deal with
a variety of product characteristics and environmental impacts through a selection of
Environmental Performance Indicators (EPIs) for a final product configuration. The
framework and models have been applied in a real-life application and have proven that
changes in product design or process selection can reduce the product's environmental
impact and increase process efficiency. Hence, manufacturers can use the framework
and models during the Advanced Product Quality Planning (APQP) process to
benchmark each product variation that they manufacture in a standardised manner and
realise cost saving opportunities
Performance Testing of Distributed Component Architectures
Performance characteristics, such as response time, throughput andscalability, are key quality attributes of distributed applications. Current practice,however, rarely applies systematic techniques to evaluate performance characteristics.We argue that evaluation of performance is particularly crucial in early developmentstages, when important architectural choices are made. At first glance, thiscontradicts the use of testing techniques, which are usually applied towards the endof a project. In this chapter, we assume that many distributed systems are builtwith middleware technologies, such as the Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE) or theCommon Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA). These provide servicesand facilities whose implementations are available when architectures are defined.We also note that it is the middleware functionality, such as transaction and persistenceservices, remote communication primitives and threading policy primitives,that dominates distributed system performance. Drawing on these observations, thischapter presents a novel approach to performance testing of distributed applications.We propose to derive application-specific test cases from architecture designs so thatthe performance of a distributed application can be tested based on the middlewaresoftware at early stages of a development process. We report empirical results thatsupport the viability of the approach
Measuring Levels of Skepticism Towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Activities
This study aims to examine how skepticism, as a personality trait, towards CSR initiatives of companies affects studentsā decisions to reward (support by purchasing) or punish (by boycotting) companies for their behaviour. The literature review suggests that very few studies considered skepticism as a possible determinant of consumer attitudes towards CSR. A mixed method approach was taken to ensure
triangulation, including the use of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Interviews were conducted to understand studentsā perceptions of CSR in general, and
quantitative data was gathered to quantify the findings. A scale developed by Hurtt (2010) was adopted to assess levels of studentsā skepticism. Further measurements,
based on Carrollās pyramid of corporate social responsibility, were used to assess student evaluations of CSR. An additional measurement was deployed to determine
whether the participants were more predisposed to reward or punish companies. The research findings suggest that skepticism is not a determinant in affecting opinions
about companies CSR
Task Specific Uncertainty in Coordinate Measurement
Task specific uncertainty is the measurement uncertainty associated with the measurement of a specific feature using a specific measurement plan. This paper surveys techniques developed to model and estimate task specific uncertainty for coordinate measuring systems, primarily coordinate measuring machines using contacting probes. Sources of uncertainty are also reviewed
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