Description of the Chinese-to-Spanish rule-based machine translation system developed with a hybrid combination of human annotation and statistical techniques

Two of the most popular Machine Translation (MT) paradigms are rule based (RBMT) and corpus based, which include the statistical systems (SMT). When scarce parallel corpus is available, RBMT becomes particularly attractive. This is the case of the Chinese--Spanish language pair. This article presents the first RBMT system for Chinese to Spanish. We describe a hybrid method for constructing this system taking advantage of available resources such as parallel corpora that are used to extract dictionaries and lexical and structural transfer rules. The final system is freely available online and open source. Although performance lags behind standard SMT systems for an in-domain test set, the results show that the RBMT’s coverage is competitive and it outperforms the SMT system in an out-of-domain test set. This RBMT system is available to the general public, it can be further enhanced, and it opens up the possibility of creating future hybrid MT systems.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

An Experiment of Use and Reuse of Verb Valency in Morphosyntactic Disambiguation and Machine Translation for Euskara and North Sámi

Proceedings of the NODALIDA 2011 Workshop Constraint Grammar Applications. Editors: Eckhard Bick, Kristin Hagen, Kaili Müürisep, Trond Trosterud. NEALT Proceedings Series, Vol. 14 (2011), 61–69. © 2011 The editors and contributors. Published by Northern European Association for Language Technology (NEALT) http://omilia.uio.no/nealt . Electronically published at Tartu University Library (Estonia) http://hdl.handle.net/10062/19231

Using linguistic data for English and Spanish verb-noun combination identification

We present a linguistic analysis of a set of English and Spanish verb+noun combinations (VNCs), and a method to use this information to improve VNC identification. Firstly, a sample of frequent VNCs are analysed in-depth and tagged along lexico-semantic and morphosyntactic dimensions, obtaining satisfactory inter-annotator agreement scores. Then, a VNC identification experiment is undertaken, where the analysed linguistic data is combined with chunking information and syntactic dependencies. A comparison between the results of the experiment and the results obtained by a basic detection method shows that VNC identification can be greatly improved by using linguistic information, as a large number of additional occurrences are detected with high precision

Wikipedia eta itzulpen automatikoa: "harri batez bizpalau xori"

Artikulu honetan elkarlanean egindako proiektu bat aurkezten dugu. Boluntario talde bat bildu dugu espainierazko Wikipediako hainbat artikulu euskarara itzultzeko, baina boluntarioen lana errazteko, Matxin itzultzaile automatikoa erabili dugu aurreitzulpenak sortzeko, eta horrela boluntarioen lana errare eta akatsak dituzten itzulpen automatiko horiek aztertu eta zuzentzea izan da. Lan honekin, batetik, Euskal Wikipedia aberastu dugu, 50.000 hitz berri gehituz. Beste alde batetik, sistema automatikoaren itzulpenak eta posteditatutako bertsio zuzenduekin corpus bat sortu dugu. Corpus hori erabili dugu posteditore estatistiko bat sortzeko, Matxin itzulpen automatikoko sistemaren irteeraren doitasuna % 10ean hobetuz

Snomed CT in a Language Isolate: an Algorithm for a Semiautomatic Translation

Background:: The Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine - Clinical Terms (SNOMED CT) is officially released in English and Spanish. In the Basque Autonomous Community two languages, Spanish and Basque, are official. The first attempt to semi-automatically translate the SNOMED CT terminology content to Basque, a less resourced language is presented in this paper. Methods:: A translation algorithm that has its basis in Natural Language Processing methods has been designed and partially implemented. The algorithm comprises four phases from which the first two have been implemented and quantitatively evaluated. Results:: Results are promising as we obtained the equivalents in Basque of 21.41% of the disorder terms of the English SNOMED CT release. As the methods developed are focused on that hierarchy, the results in other hierarchies are lower (12.57% for body structure descriptions, 8.80% for findings and 3% for procedures). Conclusions:: We are in the way to reach two of our objectives when translating SNOMED CT to Basque: to use our language to access rich multilingual resources and to strengthen the use of the Basque language in the biomedical area.This work was partially supported by the European Commission (325099), the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (TIN2012-38584-C06-02) and the Basque Government (IT344-10 and IE12-333). Olatz Perez-de-Viñaspre's work is funded by a PhD grant from the Basque Government (BFI-2011-389)

Automatic medical term generation for a low-resource language: translation of SNOMED CT into Basque

211 p. (eusk.) 148 p. (eng.)Tesi-lan honetan, terminoak automatikoki euskaratzeko sistemak garatu eta ebaluatu ditugu. Horretarako,SNOMED CT, terminologia kliniko zabala barnebiltzen duen ontologia hartu dugu abiapuntutzat, etaEuSnomed deritzon sistema garatu dugu horren euskaratzea kudeatzeko. EuSnomedek lau urratsekoalgoritmoa inplementatzen du terminoen euskarazko ordainak lortzeko: Lehenengo urratsak baliabidelexikalak erabiltzen ditu SNOMED CTren terminoei euskarazko ordainak zuzenean esleitzeko. Besteakbeste, Euskalterm banku terminologikoa, Zientzia eta Teknologiaren Hiztegi Entziklopedikoa, eta GizaAnatomiako Atlasa erabili ditugu. Bigarren urratserako, ingelesezko termino neoklasikoak euskaratzekoNeoTerm sistema garatu dugu. Sistema horrek, afixu neoklasikoen baliokidetzak eta transliterazio erregelakerabiltzen ditu euskarazko ordainak sortzeko. Hirugarrenerako, ingelesezko termino konplexuak euskaratzendituen KabiTerm sistema garatu dugu. KabiTermek termino konplexuetan agertzen diren habiaratutakoterminoen egiturak erabiltzen ditu euskarazko egiturak sortzeko, eta horrela termino konplexuakosatzeko. Azken urratsean, erregeletan oinarritzen den Matxin itzultzaile automatikoa osasun-zientziendomeinura egokitu dugu, MatxinMed sortuz. Horretarako Matxin domeinura egokitzeko prestatu dugu,eta besteak beste, hiztegia zabaldu diogu osasun-zientzietako testuak itzuli ahal izateko. Garatutako lauurratsak ebaluatuak izan dira metodo ezberdinak erabiliz. Alde batetik, aditu talde txiki batekin egin dugulehenengo bi urratsen ebaluazioa, eta bestetik, osasun-zientzietako euskal komunitateari esker egin dugunMedbaluatoia kanpainaren baitan azkeneko bi urratsetako sistemen ebaluazioa egin da

Generación de corpus paralelos para la implementación de un traductor automático estadístico entre shipibo-konibo y español

Actualmente, existe información que debe estar disponible para todos los habitantes de nuestro país, tales como textos educativos, leyes y noticias. Sin embargo, a pesar que el Perú es un país multilingüe, la mayoría de textos se encuentran redactados únicamente en español. Una de las razones por las que no se traducen estos textos a otras lenguas habladas en nuestro país es porque el proceso es costoso y requiere de mucho tiempo. Por este motivo se propone desarrollar un traductor automático basado en colecciones de textos, también llamados corpus, que utilice métodos estadísticos y pueda servir de apoyo una plataforma de software de traducción automática de texto entre el español y el shipibo-konibo. Para implementar un método estadístico, es necesario contar con corpus paralelos en los idiomas a traducir. Esto representa un problema, pues existen muy pocos textos escritos en shipibokonibo, y la mayoría de estos no cuenta con una traducción al español. Por este motivo es necesario construir corpus paralelos en base a dos procesos: la traducción de textos del shipibo-konibo al español (y viceversa) y la alineación semi-automática de los textos bilingües disponibles. Con los corpus paralelos obtenidos, se puede entrenar y validar un traductor automático, a fin de encontrar los parámetros que generan las mejores traducciones. Además, en base a los resultados obtenidos, se determinará la etapa en la que el traductor estadístico se integrará a la plataforma de software de traducción automática que será implementada por investigadores del Grupo de Reconocimiento de Patrones e Inteligencia Artificial Aplicada (GRPIAA) y el departamento de lingüística de la PUCP.Tesi

Ebaluatoia: crowd evaluation of English-Basque machine translation

[EU]Lan honetan Ebaluatoia aurkezten da, eskala handiko ingelesa-euskara itzulpen automatikoko ebaluazio kanpaina, komunitate-elkarlanean oinarritua. Bost sistemaren itzulpen kalitatea konparatzea izan da kanpainaren helburua, zehazki, bi sistema estatistiko, erregeletan oinarritutako bat eta sistema hibrido bat (IXA taldean garatuak) eta Google Translate. Emaitzetan oinarrituta, sistemen sailkapen bat egin dugu, baita etorkizuneko ikerkuntza bideratuko duten zenbait analisi kualitatibo ere, hain zuzen, ebaluazio-bildumako azpi-multzoen analisia, iturburuko esaldien analisi estrukturala eta itzulpenen errore-analisia. Lanak analisi hauen hastapenak aurkezten ditu, etorkizunean zein motatako analisietan sakondu erakutsiko digutenak.[EN]This dissertation reports on the crowd-based large-scale English-Basque machine translation evaluation campaign, Ebaluatoia. This initiative aimed to compare system quality for five machine translation systems: two statistical systems, a rule- based system and a hybrid system developed within the IXA group, and an external system, Google Translate. We have established a ranking of the systems under study and performed qualitative analyses to guide further research. In particular, we have carried out initial subset evaluation, structural analysis and e rror analysis to help identify where we should place future analysis effort