148 research outputs found
SCRIPSIT : a model for establishing trustable privacies in online public spaces.
Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2004.This dissertation proposes a model supporting the creation of trustable privacies in public online spaces, with the model demonstrating the potential for supporting trustable data handling in the qualitative domain. Privacy and trust, from the pivotal
perspective of the individual were identified as crucial intangibles in the qualitative
research and personal trust domains. That both privacy and trust depend heavily upon
credible mechanisms for privacy became clear during the literature review and
interview processes.
Privacy, in its many forms, is a concept requiring greatly varying degrees of
anonymity, confidentiality and control (Rotenberg, 2001; Lessig, 1998) and this was
position was validated by literature and by qualitative comments by academic
interviewees.
Facilitation of secondary users including academics, public and private organisations,
communities, casual information browsers is a goal of this research. This goal of
facilitation is supported by the model proposed, and is discussed in Chapter 6, where
future work is discussed. The core requirement to address confidentiality, ethics,
privacy, ownership and control of data (Corti, 2000) is satisfied by the model as
proposed and discussed.
Expected outcomes of this research project are summarised as:
ā¢ Proposed model for the creation of trustable privacies in public spaces.
[Primary outcome]
ā¢ Promotion of collaboration amongst domains and disciplines through
improved universal access to archived data [Secondary outcome]
ā¢ Identification of application domains outside of the initially identified domain
set [Secondary outcome].
Self-Contained ReposItory ProcesSIng Template (SCRIPSIT) describes a model
supporting a decentralised, trustable set of structures and mechanisms. SCRIPSIT has
its eponymous origin in the Latin word scripsit, meaning "he or she wrote"
P2P and SOA architecture for digital libraries
Doutoramento em Engenharia InformƔticaIn an information-driven society where the volume and value of produced and
consumed data assumes a growing importance, the role of digital libraries
gains particular importance. This work analyzes the limitations in current digital
library management systems and the opportunities brought by recent
distributed computing models.
The result of this work is the implementation of the University of Aveiro
integrated system for digital libraries and archives. It concludes by analyzing
the system in production and proposing a new service oriented digital library
architecture supported in a peer-to-peer infrastructureNuma sociedade em que o volume e o valor da informaĆ§Ć£o produzida e
disseminada tem um peso cada vez maior, o papel das bibliotecas digitais
assume especial relevo. O presente trabalho analisa as limitaƧƵes dos actuais
sistemas de gestĆ£o de bibliotecas digitais e as oportunidades criadas pelos
mais recentes modelos de computaĆ§Ć£o distribuĆda.
Deste trabalho resultou a implementaĆ§Ć£o do sistema integrado para bibliotecas
e arquivos digitais da Universidade de Aveiro. Este trabalho finaliza
debruƧando-se sobre o sistema em produĆ§Ć£o e propondo uma nova
arquitectura de biblioteca digital sustentada numa infrastrutura peer-to-peer e
orientada a serviƧos
Ontology-Driven Semantic Data Integration in Open Environment
Collaborative intelligence in the context of information management can be defined as A shared intelligence that results from the collaboration between various information systems . In open environments, these collaborating information systems can be heterogeneous, dynamic and loosely-coupled. Information systems in open environment can also possess a certain degree of autonomy. The integration of data residing in various heterogeneous information systems is essential in order to drive the intelligence efficiently and accurately. Because of the heterogeneous, loosely-coupled, and dynamic nature of open environment, the integration between these information systems in the data level is not efficient. Several approaches and models have been proposed in order to perform the task of data integration. Many of the existing approaches for data integration are designed for closed environment, tightly-coupled systems and enterprise data integration. They make explicit, or implicit, assumptions about the semantic structure of the data. Because of the heterogeneous and loosely-coupled nature of open environment, such assumptions are deemed unintuitive. Data integration approaches based on model that are extensional in nature are also inadequate for open environment. This is because they do not account for the dynamic nature of open environment. The need for an adequate model for describing data integration systems in open environment is quite evident. Intensional based modeling is found to be an adequate and natural choice for modeling in open environment. This is because it addresses the dynamic and loosely-coupled nature of open environment. In this work, an intensional model for the conceptualization is presented. This model is based on the theory of Properties Relations and Propositions (PRP). The proposed description takes the concepts, relations, and properties as primitive and as such, irreducible entities. The formal intensional account of both Ontology and Ontological Commitment are also proposed in light of the intensional model for conceptualization. An intensional model for ontology-driven mediated data integration in open environment is also proposed. The proposed model accounts for the dynamic nature of open environment and also intensionally describes the information of data sources. The interface between global and local ontologies and the formal intensional semantics of the query answering are then described
A framework for information integration using ontological foundations
With the increasing amount of data, ability to integrate information has always been a competitive advantage in information management. Semantic heterogeneity reconciliation is an important challenge of many information interoperability applications such as data exchange and data integration. In spite of a large amount of research in this area, the lack of theoretical foundations behind semantic heterogeneity reconciliation techniques has resulted in many ad-hoc approaches. In this thesis, I address this issue by providing ontological foundations for semantic heterogeneity reconciliation in information integration. In particular, I investigate fundamental semantic relations between properties from an ontological point of view and show how one of the basic and natural relations between properties ā inferring implicit properties from existing properties ā can be used to enhance information integration. These ontological foundations have been exploited in four aspects of information integration. First, I propose novel algorithms for semantic enrichment of schema mappings. Second, using correspondences between similar properties at different levels of abstraction, I propose a configurable data integration system, in which query rewriting techniques allows the tradeoff between accuracy and completeness in query answering. Third, to keep the semantics in data exchange, I propose an entity preserving data exchange approach that reflects source entities in the target independent of classification of entities. Finally, to improve the efficiency of the data exchange approach proposed in this thesis, I propose an extended model of the column-store model called sliced column store. Working prototypes of the techniques proposed in this thesis are implemented to show the feasibility of realizing these techniques. Experiments that have been performed using various datasets show the techniques proposed in this thesis outperform many existing techniques in terms of ability to handle semantic heterogeneities and performance of information exchange
Architectures for integration of information systems under conditions of dynamic reconfiguration of virtual enterprises
Tese Doutoramento Programa Doutoral em Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe aim of this thesis is to explore Architectures of information systems Integration under
conditions of dynamic reconfiguration of Virtual Enterprises. The main challenge that we identify
and which formed the basis of the research is that information technologies alone cannot support
efficiently and effectively the human knowledge and their natural way of interacting.
Already from Sausurre (1916) it could be argued that part of knowledge resides in person, and
the attempt to try to model it is sufficient for it to be misrepresented. And this is the motto of all
this work. Enhance the capabilities of emerging technologies, but in the sense that allow humanto-
human interaction, having the information system merely a means to make this possible.
Thus we argue that a communicational architecture of information systems integration (where
Pragmatics mechanisms are enabled) in virtual enterprises in dynamic reconfiguration scenarios,
are better able than the existing transactional architectures.
We propose a communicational architecture able to achieve an effective integration of
information systems, as well as designing its logical and functional model. We also define the
necessary semiotic framework in order to a communicational integration architecture could be
efficient and effective.
We implemented two prototypes to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed architecture.
The demonstration of the research hypothesis was demonstrated with the realization of two
experimentations where the ontologies have been unable to resolve disagreements or absences
of opinion inherent in people who collaborated. This was overcome with the implementation of
mechanisms that allow the co-creation between members of the group that participated in the
trial.O objectivo desta tese Ć© explorar Arquitecturas de IntegraĆ§Ć£o de Sistemas de InformaĆ§Ć£o em
condiƧƵes de ReconfiguraĆ§Ć£o DinĆ¢mica de Empresas Virtuais. O principal desafio que
identificamos e que serviu de base da pesquisa Ć© que as tecnologias de informaĆ§Ć£o por si sĆ³ nĆ£o
conseguem suportar de forma eficiente e efectiva o conhecimento humano e a sua forma natural
de interagir.
JĆ” Sausurre (1916) defendia que parte do conhecimento residirĆ” sempre na pessoa, e a
tentativa de o tentar modelar Ć© suficiente para que seja deturpado. E esse Ć© o mote de todo este
trabalho. Enaltecer as capacidades das tecnologias emergentes mas no sentido de elas
permitirem a interacĆ§Ć£o homem-to-homem, sendo o sistema de informaĆ§Ć£o meramente um meio
para que tal seja possĆvel.
Argumentamos por isso que uma arquitectura comunicacional de integraĆ§Ć£o de sistemas de
informaĆ§Ć£o, onde Pragmatics mechanisms are enabled, em empresas virtuais em cenĆ”rios de
reconfiguraĆ§Ć£o dinĆ¢mica, sĆ£o mais capazes que as actuais arquitecturas transacionais.
Propomos para isso uma arquitectura comunicacional capaz de conseguir uma integraĆ§Ć£o
efectiva de sistemas de informaĆ§Ć£o, assim como desenhamos o seu modelo lĆ³gico e funcional.
Definimos ainda o quadro semiĆ³tico necessĆ”rio para que uma arquitectura comunicacional de
integraĆ§Ć£o seja eficiente e effectiva.
Implementamos dois protĆ³tipos capazes de demonstrar a aplicabilidade da arquitectura
proposta. A demonstraĆ§Ć£o da hipĆ³tese de pesquisa ficou demonstrada com a realizaĆ§Ć£o de uma
experimentaĆ§Ć£o onde as ontologias se mostraram incapazes de resolver discordĆ¢ncias ou
ausĆŖncias de opiniĆ£o inerentes Ć s pessoas que colaboram. Tal foi superado com a aplicaĆ§Ć£o de
mecanismos que permitiram a co-criaĆ§Ć£o entre os membros do grupo que realizou a
experimentaĆ§Ć£o
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