Manpower Training and Public Sector Job Creation Under CETA: The Experience in Maine and New Hampshire

On December 28, 1973 President Nixon signed Public Law 93-203, the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA). The new law represents a significant shift in the roles played by federal, state, and local officials in the expenditure of federal money for manpower services. The key characteristics of CETA are often described as decentralization and decategorization. Prior to the passage of CETA the manpower system was almost exclusively under the control of federal officials. Under CETA, authority has, to some extent, been decentralized as state and local governments have been given block grants of money to be spent on manpower services in accord with locally determined priorities. In addition, CETA has made it possible for states and localities to escape the restrictive categorical programs of the past and to develop programs of a more flexible and more comprehensive nature. In this paper we examine the experience under CETA in Maine and New Hampshire. We will identify some of the problems which have emerged in the experience to date, evaluate the impact that CETA has had on the unemployed, underemployed, and economically disadvantaged, and assess the potential and possibilities which exist for making CETA a truly effective system for solving manpower problems

Manpower Training Programs in South Dakota : Socio-economic Attributes of Participants Associated with Training Outcomes

Because of the unemployment, underemployment, poverty and occupational opportunity problems experienced in South Dakota, it is appropriate that manpower programs currently operating in the State be studied. To maximize the potential benefits of these programs it is necessary to understand their structure, their purpose, their goals and their effects. Likewise, the extent of participation in the programs should be determined along with finding out what type of trainee is benefitting the least or the most from the training experience. There has been considerable research into a wide spectrum of manpower programs and manpower needs in urban areas; however, relatively little has been researched into the ways the same programs are operating and affecting the manpower problems in rural areas. Responding to this deficiency, the Rural Sociology Department of South Dakota state University began in Fall, 1971, a research project directed to producing greater understanding of the manpower programs currently operating in South Dakota. The general aims of the research project include the following: 1. A description of the manpower programs currently operating in South Dakota. 2. An assessment of the degree of success of the various manpower programs. 3. An examination of the association between possible differential participation rates and degrees of success to selected demographic, social, and economic characteristics of the participants. Before a comprehensive determination and evaluation of success, or lack of success, was attempted, and the relationships of demographic, social, and economic variables to program success were tested, some preliminary examinations were seen as advisable. Available sources of information on selected manpower programs needed to be identified, and available sources of data on the characteristics of the participants in the progre.ms gathered. An exploratory study was needed to examine the association between the socio-economic characteristics of participants in the programs to one criterion of success, namely, completion of the training programs. This study was done in conjunction with the research project mentioned above in an effort to fulfill some of the descriptive and exploratory needs of the project

The Health Professions Educational Assistance Act of 1976: A New Prescription?

The 1976 Health Professions Educational Assistance Act is a new congressional effort to promote the rational development, distribution, and utilization of the health professions through financial incentives. The Act represents a compromise solution to the issues affecting the quality, quantity and distribution of health manpower. It targets the four major problems of the current system: (1) the shortage of health professionals; (2) the geographic maldistribution of health manpower; (3) the specialty maldistribution of physicians and dentists; and (4) the influx of foreign medical graduates into the United States. This comment examines the effectiveness of past legislative responses to these issues and considers the provisions of the new law that attempt to resolve them. The comment discusses various aspects of the 1976 Act such as: (1) its amendments to the direct federal loan program for students in health profession schools; (2) the substantial increases in the authorization of funding to programs such as the National Health Service Corps (NHSC); (3) requirements placed on health profession schools for capitation support; and (4) enlargement of the existing Area Health Education Centers (AHEC) program. The comment suggests that immense public pressure for extensive federal control of the nation\u27s health manpower education programs will arise unless the geographic and specialty maldistribution of health professionals improves upon the 1976 Act\u27s expiration in 1980

Innovations and Experiments in Uses of Health Manpower—The Effect of Licensure Laws

Time-resolved optical spin orientation is employed to study spin dynamics of I * and I-1* excitons bound to isoelectronic centers in bulk ZnO. It is found that spin orientation at the exciton ground state can be generated using resonant excitation via a higher lying exciton state located at about 4 meV from the ground state. Based on the performed rate equation analysis of the measured spin dynamics, characteristic times of subsequent hole, electron, and direct exciton spin flips in the exciton ground state are determined as being tau(s)(h) = 0.4 ns, tau(s)(e) greater than= 15 ns, and tau(s)(eh) greater than= 15 ns, respectively. This relatively slow spin relaxation of the isoelectronic bound excitons is attributed to combined effects of (i) weak e-h exchange interaction, (ii) restriction of the exciton movement due to its binding at the isoelectronic center, and (iii) suppressed spin-orbit coupling for the tightly bound hole

The Potential Use of Social Welfare Assistant Graduates from Ontario’s Community Colleges

The purpose of this project is to design an exploratory study to examine how the graduates of the two-year social welfare assistants courses from Ontario’s Community Colleges might be employed in the Children’s Aid Societies of Ontario. Such a study will be only a prelude to many other investigations but may provide some immediately useful answers and raise many questions that will form the basis for future research on this topic

The Influence of Manpower Training Progrm on the South

Volume 1 - Paper #3_3InfluenenceofManpower.pdf: 278 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

Youth Employment Programs: Three Southwestern Case Studies

An examination of the planning, implementation, and first year operation phases of the Youth Employment and Demonstration Projects Act of 1977 (YEDPA) by three prime sponsors in the Southwest: the city of Albuquerque, NM (and surrounding Bernalillo County), the Coastal Bend manpower consortium of Texas, and the city and county of El Paso, TX