Leveraging register windows to reduce physical registers to the bare minimum

Register window is an architectural technique that reduces memory operations required to save and restore registers across procedure calls. Its effectiveness depends on the size of the register file. Such register requirements are normally increased for out-of-order execution because it requires registers for the in-flight instructions, in addition to the architectural ones. However, a large register file has an important cost in terms of area and power and may even affect the cycle time. In this paper, we propose a software/hardware early register release technique that leverage register windows to drastically reduce the register requirements, and hence, reduce the register file cost. Contrary to the common belief that out-of-order processors with register windows would need a large physical register file, this paper shows that the physical register file size may be reduced to the bare minimum by using this novel microarchitecture. Moreover, our proposal has much lower hardware complexity than previous approaches, and requires minimal changes to a conventional register window scheme. Performance studies show that the proposed technique can reduce the number of physical registers to the number of logical registers plus one (minimum number to guarantee forward progress) and still achieve almost the same performance as an unbounded register file.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Neighborhood comparison operator

Digital values in a moving window are compared by an operator having nine comparators connected to line buffers for receiving a succession of central pixels together with eight neighborhood pixels. A single bit of program control determines whether the neighborhood pixels are to be compared with the central pixel or a threshold value. The central pixel is always compared with the threshold. The omparator output plus 2 bits indicating odd-even pixel/line information about the central pixel addresses a lookup table to provide 14 bits of information, including 2 bits which control a selector to pass either the central pixel value, the other 12 bits of table information, or the bit-wise logical OR of all nine pixels through circuit that implements a very wide OR gate

Proper maintenance way for the multifunctional windows

Recent developments have helped create windows that can fulfill their contrary functions effectively in addition to generating energy, which are known as multifunctional windows. Permanent maintenance is required for windows to achieve their functions properly, but the current window cleaning methods can harm and are not appropriate for the recently developed multifunctional windows. The author presents a suggested multifunctional window and sheds light on the disadvantages that could be accomplished when using the current methods to clean it. Using analytical and logical methods, this paper shows the proper way of the multifunctional window maintenance. This way depends on the self-cleaning features. The author proposes a solution for the disadvantages that could accompany that features. The main result is the validity of a successful multifunctional window that can be maintained with minimum disadvantages and maximum efficiency. Therefore, this study contributes to the window industry by presenting the proper way of maintaining multifunctional windows. Thus, future maintenance research should be redirected properly to conserve and benefit the efforts spent in impropriate directions and technologie

Possible Worlds, Zombies, and Truth Machines

The subject of zombies is one of the most discussed and controversial topics of philosophy of mind. In this paper I will first examine the main argument of zombies, providing a summary of the current discussion. Then I will introduce a thought experiment, an epistemic window on a metaphysical scenario. By the thought experiment I will argue that zombies are logically impossible. Further I will discuss another recent epistemic window. Finally I will provide some other logical consideration to prove that intentionality is not reducible to the cognitive functional aspects of the mind and that, moreover, the subjective recognition of semantic contents is necessary in order to consider as sensical the verbal behavior of a zombie

Early register release for out-of-order processors with register windows

Register windows is an architectural technique that reduces memory operations required to save and restore registers across procedure calls. Its effectiveness depends on the size of the register file. Such register requirements are normally increased for out-of-order execution because it requires registers for the in-flight instructions, in addition to the architectural ones. However, a large register file has an important cost in terms of area and power and may even affect the cycle time. In this paper we propose two early register release techniques that leverages register windows to drastically reduce the register requirements, and hence reduce the register file cost. Contrary to the common belief that out-of-order processors with register windows would need a large physical register file, this paper shows that the physical register file size may be reduced to the bare minimum by using this novel microarchitecture. Moreover, our proposal has much lower hardware complexity than previous approaches, and requires minimal changes to a conventional register window scheme. Performance studies show that the proposed technique can reduce the number of physical registers to the same number as logical registers plus one (minimum number to guarantee forward progress) and still achieve almost the same performance as an unbounded register file.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Interim Hearing on Emerging Utility Trends: Competition and Diversification

Across the board, every utility under the jurisdiction of this committee, and regulated by the PUC in this state, is planning and strategizing and promoting new ventures into competitive markets to make money. Both the telecommunications utilities, which found last year that they could explore new competitive territories, and the energy utilities, who have found that their logical investment domain in areas of energy development may have topped out in the state, seem to be rushing to invest before the mysterious window of availability closes

Interim Hearing on Emerging Utility Trends: Competition and Diversification

Across the board, every utility under the jurisdiction of this committee, and regulated by the PUC in this state, is planning and strategizing and promoting new ventures into competitive markets to make money. Both the telecommunications utilities, which found last year that they could explore new competitive territories, and the energy utilities, who have found that their logical investment domain in areas of energy development may have topped out in the state, seem to be rushing to invest before the mysterious window of availability closes

Design and manufacturing analysis of a window shading system

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 63).In this thesis a novel concept for a window shading system was proposed and developed. This concept was created to address issues with an existing Lutron Electronics product. Over the past year and a half, concepts have been generated, tested and refined to produce a fully functional working prototype that meets the product specifications. This thesis focuses upon a manufacturing cost analysis and redesign of a gearbox assembly for the window shading system. This is a logical next step in the product's development. An estimate for the assembly time for the current version of the gearbox assembly is found. The parts are then redesigned for improved assembly time, and hence reduced cost. The parts are also redesigned for mass production processes; injection molding, and die casting. Calculating and then comparing cost estimates for the two processes finds an injection molded integrated design the most cost effective.by Ashley Cross Wodtke.S.M