594,228 research outputs found
Using Robust PCA to estimate regional characteristics of language use from geo-tagged Twitter messages
Principal component analysis (PCA) and related techniques have been
successfully employed in natural language processing. Text mining applications
in the age of the online social media (OSM) face new challenges due to
properties specific to these use cases (e.g. spelling issues specific to texts
posted by users, the presence of spammers and bots, service announcements,
etc.). In this paper, we employ a Robust PCA technique to separate typical
outliers and highly localized topics from the low-dimensional structure present
in language use in online social networks. Our focus is on identifying
geospatial features among the messages posted by the users of the Twitter
microblogging service. Using a dataset which consists of over 200 million
geolocated tweets collected over the course of a year, we investigate whether
the information present in word usage frequencies can be used to identify
regional features of language use and topics of interest. Using the PCA pursuit
method, we are able to identify important low-dimensional features, which
constitute smoothly varying functions of the geographic location
Leveraging Personal Navigation Assistant Systems Using Automated Social Media Traffic Reporting
Modern urbanization is demanding smarter technologies to improve a variety of
applications in intelligent transportation systems to relieve the increasing
amount of vehicular traffic congestion and incidents. Existing incident
detection techniques are limited to the use of sensors in the transportation
network and hang on human-inputs. Despite of its data abundance, social media
is not well-exploited in such context. In this paper, we develop an automated
traffic alert system based on Natural Language Processing (NLP) that filters
this flood of information and extract important traffic-related bullets. To
this end, we employ the fine-tuning Bidirectional Encoder Representations from
Transformers (BERT) language embedding model to filter the related traffic
information from social media. Then, we apply a question-answering model to
extract necessary information characterizing the report event such as its exact
location, occurrence time, and nature of the events. We demonstrate the adopted
NLP approaches outperform other existing approach and, after effectively
training them, we focus on real-world situation and show how the developed
approach can, in real-time, extract traffic-related information and
automatically convert them into alerts for navigation assistance applications
such as navigation apps.Comment: This paper is accepted for publication in IEEE Technology Engineering
Management Society International Conference (TEMSCON'20), Metro Detroit,
Michigan (USA
Dampak Media Sosial terhadap Kegiatan Kesenian Mahasiswa
The purpose of this study was to describe the factors and impact of social media on art activities on art students in Lombok Timur. The method used is quantitative by survey analysis using questionnaires to collect data from 164 art students at universities in Lombok Timur. The results of this finding that the habit factor of students using social media dominates more, in addition to the intensity factor of watching art activities. On the utilization factor makes more art products, although the attendance factor at art activities directly also supports. The condition factor of society, namely religion dominates the use of social media in addition to language, art, and tradition. Location factor in accessing more at home than on campus, internet café or recreation place. The impact of social media shows that on student art activities are strongly influenced by the use of social media. The majority of students agree that social media does not damage student activities, besides social media is very instrumental in designing artworks, encouraging creativity and being a motivation to promote their work. Conclusions from this study are habit factors, influence factors, intensity factors, utilization factors, direct attendance factors, community condition factors, and factors where the use of media is very determining art activities by art students. Student art activities are strongly influenced by the use of social media and do not damage or interfere with student activities.
Keyword: Arts activities, Students of Arts, Social medi
Global disease monitoring and forecasting with Wikipedia
Infectious disease is a leading threat to public health, economic stability,
and other key social structures. Efforts to mitigate these impacts depend on
accurate and timely monitoring to measure the risk and progress of disease.
Traditional, biologically-focused monitoring techniques are accurate but costly
and slow; in response, new techniques based on social internet data such as
social media and search queries are emerging. These efforts are promising, but
important challenges in the areas of scientific peer review, breadth of
diseases and countries, and forecasting hamper their operational usefulness.
We examine a freely available, open data source for this use: access logs
from the online encyclopedia Wikipedia. Using linear models, language as a
proxy for location, and a systematic yet simple article selection procedure, we
tested 14 location-disease combinations and demonstrate that these data
feasibly support an approach that overcomes these challenges. Specifically, our
proof-of-concept yields models with up to 0.92, forecasting value up to
the 28 days tested, and several pairs of models similar enough to suggest that
transferring models from one location to another without re-training is
feasible.
Based on these preliminary results, we close with a research agenda designed
to overcome these challenges and produce a disease monitoring and forecasting
system that is significantly more effective, robust, and globally comprehensive
than the current state of the art.Comment: 27 pages; 4 figures; 4 tables. Version 2: Cite McIver & Brownstein
and adjust novelty claims accordingly; revise title; various revisions for
clarit
THE ACCUSED IS ENTERING THE COURTROOM: THE LIVE-TWEETING OF A MURDER TRIAL.
© 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis GroupThe use of social media is now widely accepted within journalism as an outlet for news information. Live tweeting of unfolding events is standard practice. In March 2014, Oscar Pistorius went on trial in the Gauteng High Court for murder. Hundreds of journalists present began live-tweeting coverage, an unprecedented combination of international interest, permission to use technology and access which resulted in massive streams of consciousness reports of events as they unfolded. Based on a corpus of Twitter feeds of twenty-four journalists covering the trial, this study analyses the content and strategies of these feeds in order to present an understanding of how microblogging is used as a live reporting tool. This study shows the development of standardised language and strategies in reporting on Twitter, concluding that journalists adopt a narrow range of approaches, with no significant variation in terms of gender, location, or medium. This is in contrast to earlier studies in the field (Awad, 2006, Hedman, 2015; Kothari, 2010; Lariscy, Avery, Sweetser, & Howes, 2009 Lasorsa, 2012; Lasorsa, Lewis, & Holton, 2011; Sigal, 1999, Vis, 2013).Peer reviewe
Culture and disaster risk management - stakeholder attitudes during Stakeholder Assembly in Rome, Italy
This report provides a summary of the topics discussed and the results of the CARISMAND Second Stakeholder Assembly conducted in Rome, Italy on 27-28 February 2017. In order to promote cross-sectional knowledge transfer, as in the CARISMAND First Stakeholder Assembly held in Romania in the previous year, the audience consisted of a wide range of practitioners that are typically involved in disaster management, e.g., civil protection, the emergency services, paramedics, nurses, environmental protection, Red Cross, fire-fighters, military, the police, and other non-governmental organisations. Further, these practitioners were from several regions in Italy, e.g., Rome and Lazio, Toscana, Emilia-Romagna, and Valle DâAosta. The participants, who varied between 40 and 60, were recruited via invitations sent to various Italian organisations and institutions (at the national, regional and local levels), and via direct contacts of the Protezione Civile Comune di Firenze who are one of the Italian partners in the CARISMAND Consortium.
The event consisted of a mix of presentations, working groups, and panel discussions for these participating practitioners, in order to combine dissemination with information gathering (for the detailed schedule/programme please see Appendix 1). After an initial general assembly where the CARISMAND project and its main goals were presented, the participants of the Stakeholder Assembly were split into small groups in separate breakout rooms, where over the course of the two days they discussed the following topics:
1) Working Group 1. âCulture & Riskâ: Practical Experience of Cultural Aspects Disaster Communication between Practitioners and Citizens;
2) Working Group 2. âMedia Culture & Disastersâ: The Use of Social Media and Mobile Phone Applications in Disasters;
3) Working Groups 3. âSocial Cohesion & Social Corrosionâ: Cultures, Communities, and Trust.
After each working group session, panel discussions allowed the participants to present the results of their working group to the rest of the audience. After each panel discussion, keynote speakers gave presentations related to the respective working groupâs topic. This time schedule was designed to ensure that participants are provided with detailed information about recent developments in disaster management, e.g. related to the use of mobile phone apps and social media, but without influencing their attitudes and perceptions expressed in the working groups.
The main focus of the working groups was the relationships between culture and risk/disaster communication, the role of social media and smartphone apps, and trust between citizens and disaster managers and/or authorities. These topics, and the questions discussed within each working group, were chosen: following the findings of the CARISMAND First Stakeholder Assembly held in Bucharest, in particular regarding the disconnection between citizensâ risk perception and cultural factors in disasters;
1) the results of the CARISMAND First and Second Citizen Summits held in Bucharest and Malta respectively, specifically taking up the participantsâ suggestions regarding vulnerable groups and groups that are seen to be potentially helpful in disaster situations;
2) the results of Work Package 3 âCultural Factors and Technologiesâ, in particular regarding the increasing interest in mobile phone apps compared to social media usage;
3) the literature review provided in Work Package 4 âRisk Perception and Risk Culturesâ, particularly regarding the ambivalent of role of trust in disaster preparedness, response and recovery;
4) the preliminary findings of Work Package 7 âCitizens Empowermentâ, in respect to community cohesion and specific opportunities for citizen empowerment; and
5) topics highlighted in Work Package 8 âRisk Communication and the Role of the Media in Risk Communicationâ regarding disaster communication practices (particularly in connection with social media/apps usage as identified in Work Package 3 âCultural Factors and Technologiesâ).
These topics were also chosen in order to provide a sound basis for the next round of CARISMAND events (Third and Fourth CARISMAND Citizen Summits held, later, in Rome and Frankfurt in June 2017), i.e. exploring issues of risk perception and culture in the context of disasters at the very point, where practitioners and citizens interact.
The location of the Second Stakeholder Assembly was selected to make use of the extensive local professional network of the Protezione Civile, but also due to Italy being a location where various âtypesâ of hazards are prevalent, and disasters were occurred in the very recent past.
All documents related to the Working Groups, i.e. discussion guidelines and consent forms, were translated into Italian. Accordingly, all presentations as well as the group discussions were held in Italian, aiming to avoid any language/education-related access restrictions, and allowing participating practitioners to respond intuitively and discuss freely in their native language. For this purpose, researchers from the Laboratory of Sciences Citizenship in Rome, one of the CARISMAND Consortium members, were used as Working Group moderators, alongside simultaneous interpreters and professional local moderators contracted via a local market research agency (RFR International), who also provided the transcripts and translations into English for all Working Group discussions.
It is important to note that the discussions within these working groups reflect the participantsâ perceptions and may or may not reflect the realities of how communication actually occurs in disaster situations.The project was co-funded by the European Commission within the Horizon2020 Programme (2014-2020).peer-reviewe
The Inclusion of Music Therapy in Speech-Language Interventions
The purpose of this study was to investigate the inclusion of music in speech-language therapy. One hundred practicing speech-language pathologists (SLPs) participated in the study. There was no control for geographic location, length of time as an SLP, or work setting. A questionnaire devised from the research literature that gathered demographic information and the integration of music into speech-language therapy practices was used to gather data. It was electronically distributed via social media by means of a link that remained active for approximately six weeks. Data from the questionnaire was used descriptively to answer the questions of the study. The results indicated music is used in speech therapy across a wide range of settings with a variety of disorders; that it was used more with children than with adults; and that therapists believe that music use is beneficial in their interventions
Mobile Augmented Reality and Language-Related Episodes
Applications of locative media (e.g., placeâbased mobile augmented reality [AR]) are used in various educational content areas and have been shown to provide learners with valuable opportunities for investigationâbased learning, locationâsituated social and collaborative interaction, and embodied experience of place (Squire, 2009; Thorne & Hellermann, 2017; Zheng et al., 2018). Mobile locative media applicationsâ value for language learning, however, remains underinvestigated. To address this lacuna, this study employed the widely used construct of languageârelated episodes (LREs; Swain & Lapkin, 1998) as a unit of analysis to investigate language learning through participation in a mobile AR game. Analysis of videorecorded interactions of four mixedâproficiency groups of game players (two English language learners [ELLs] and one expert speaker of English [ESE] per group) indicates that LREs in this environment were focused on lexical items relevant to the AR tasks and physical locations. Informed by sociocultural theory and conversation analysis, the microgenesis of learnersâ understanding and subsequent use of certain lexical items are indicated in the findings. This understanding of new lexical items was frequently facilitated by ESEsâ assistance and the surrounding physical environment. A strong goal orientation by both ESEs and ELLs was visible, providing implications for taskâbased language teaching approaches
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