465,752 research outputs found
Agricultural information dissemination using ICTs: a review and analysis of information dissemination models in China
Open Access funded by China Agricultural UniversityOver the last three decades, China’s agriculture sector has been transformed from the traditional to modern practice through the effective deployment of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Information processing and dissemination have played a critical role in this transformation process. Many studies in relation to agriculture information services have been conducted in China, but few of them have attempted to provide a comprehensive review and analysis of different information dissemination models and their applications. This paper aims to review and identify the ICT based information dissemination models in China and to share the knowledge and experience in applying emerging ICTs in disseminating agriculture information to farmers and farm communities to improve productivity and economic, social and environmental sustainability. The paper reviews and analyzes the development stages of China’s agricultural information dissemination systems and different mechanisms for agricultural information service development and operations. Seven ICT-based information dissemination models are identified and discussed. Success cases are presented. The findings provide a useful direction for researchers and practitioners in developing future ICT based information dissemination systems. It is hoped that this paper will also help other developing countries to learn from China’s experience and best practice in their endeavor of applying emerging ICTs in agriculture information dissemination and knowledge transfer
Скорость света: от нуля до бесконечности
The advancement of communication systems, ensuring data obtaining and processing, raises neccesarely the question of increasing the information rate, the upper limit of which, from the few point of the presentday knowledge, cannot exceed the velocity of light in vacuum. Recently, researches from many countries undertake persistent attempts to overcome (if it is possible) this limit. The purpose of this review is acquainting the specialists, working in the sphere of communication facilities, with the modern problematics of information rate control, and representing the state of affairs as regards "superluminal" investigation at the present moment.Бурное развитие систем коммуникации с необходимостью ставит вопрос об увеличении скорости передачи информации, верхняя граница которой, исходя из установленных на сегодняшний день знаний, не может превышать скорости света в вакууме. В последнее время предпринимаются настойчивые попытки выйти (если такое возможно) за эту границу. Цель предлагаемого обзора – ознакомить специалистов, работающих в области средств коммуникации, с состоянием дел со “сверхсветовыми“ исследованиями на данный момент
Three more Decades in Array Signal Processing Research: An Optimization and Structure Exploitation Perspective
The signal processing community currently witnesses the emergence of sensor
array processing and Direction-of-Arrival (DoA) estimation in various modern
applications, such as automotive radar, mobile user and millimeter wave indoor
localization, drone surveillance, as well as in new paradigms, such as joint
sensing and communication in future wireless systems. This trend is further
enhanced by technology leaps and availability of powerful and affordable
multi-antenna hardware platforms. The history of advances in super resolution
DoA estimation techniques is long, starting from the early parametric
multi-source methods such as the computationally expensive maximum likelihood
(ML) techniques to the early subspace-based techniques such as Pisarenko and
MUSIC. Inspired by the seminal review paper Two Decades of Array Signal
Processing Research: The Parametric Approach by Krim and Viberg published in
the IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, we are looking back at another three
decades in Array Signal Processing Research under the classical narrowband
array processing model based on second order statistics. We revisit major
trends in the field and retell the story of array signal processing from a
modern optimization and structure exploitation perspective. In our overview,
through prominent examples, we illustrate how different DoA estimation methods
can be cast as optimization problems with side constraints originating from
prior knowledge regarding the structure of the measurement system. Due to space
limitations, our review of the DoA estimation research in the past three
decades is by no means complete. For didactic reasons, we mainly focus on
developments in the field that easily relate the traditional multi-source
estimation criteria and choose simple illustrative examples.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures. This work has been submitted to the IEEE for
possible publication. Copyright may be transferred without notice, after
which this version may no longer be accessibl
Distributed and Communication-Efficient Continuous Data Processing in Vehicular Cyber-Physical Systems
Processing the data produced by modern connected vehicles is of increasing interest for vehicle manufacturers to gain knowledge and develop novel functions and applications for the future of mobility.Connected vehicles form Vehicular Cyber-Physical Systems (VCPSs) that continuously sense increasingly large data volumes from high-bandwidth sensors such as LiDARs (an array of laser-based distance sensors that create a 3D map of the surroundings).The straightforward attempt of gathering all raw data from a VCPS to a central location for analysis often fails due to limits imposed by the infrastructure on the communication and storage capacities. In this Licentiate thesis, I present the results from my research that investigates techniques aiming at reducing the data volumes that need to be transmitted from vehicles through online compression and adaptive selection of participating vehicles. As explained in this work, the key to reducing the communication volume is in pushing parts of the necessary processing onto the vehicles\u27 on-board computers, thereby favorably leveraging the available distributed processing infrastructure in a VCPS.The findings highlight that existing analysis workflows can be sped up significantly while reducing their data volume footprint and incurring only modest accuracy decreases. At the same time, the adaptive selection of vehicles for analyses proves to provide a sufficiently large subset of vehicles that have compliant data for further analyses, while balancing the time needed for selection and the induced computational load
"Meaning" as a sociological concept: A review of the modeling, mapping, and simulation of the communication of knowledge and meaning
The development of discursive knowledge presumes the communication of meaning
as analytically different from the communication of information. Knowledge can
then be considered as a meaning which makes a difference. Whereas the
communication of information is studied in the information sciences and
scientometrics, the communication of meaning has been central to Luhmann's
attempts to make the theory of autopoiesis relevant for sociology. Analytical
techniques such as semantic maps and the simulation of anticipatory systems
enable us to operationalize the distinctions which Luhmann proposed as relevant
to the elaboration of Husserl's "horizons of meaning" in empirical research:
interactions among communications, the organization of meaning in
instantiations, and the self-organization of interhuman communication in terms
of symbolically generalized media such as truth, love, and power. Horizons of
meaning, however, remain uncertain orders of expectations, and one should
caution against reification from the meta-biological perspective of systems
theory
Hyperincursive Cogitata and Incursive Cogitantes: Scholarly Discourse as a Strongly Anticipatory System
Strongly anticipatory systems-that is, systems which use models of themselves
for their further development-and which additionally may be able to run
hyperincursive routines-that is, develop only with reference to their future
states-cannot exist in res extensa, but can only be envisaged in res cogitans.
One needs incursive routines in cogitantes to instantiate these systems. Unlike
historical systems (with recursion), these hyper-incursive routines generate
redundancies by opening horizons of other possible states. Thus, intentional
systems can enrich our perceptions of the cases that have happened to occur.
The perspective of hindsight codified at the above-individual level enables us
furthermore to intervene technologically. The theory and computation of
anticipatory systems have made these loops between supra-individual
hyper-incursion, individual incursion (in instantiation), and historical
recursion accessible for modeling and empirical investigation.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1011.324
Architecture and Design of Medical Processor Units for Medical Networks
This paper introduces analogical and deductive methodologies for the design
medical processor units (MPUs). From the study of evolution of numerous earlier
processors, we derive the basis for the architecture of MPUs. These specialized
processors perform unique medical functions encoded as medical operational
codes (mopcs). From a pragmatic perspective, MPUs function very close to CPUs.
Both processors have unique operation codes that command the hardware to
perform a distinct chain of subprocesses upon operands and generate a specific
result unique to the opcode and the operand(s). In medical environments, MPU
decodes the mopcs and executes a series of medical sub-processes and sends out
secondary commands to the medical machine. Whereas operands in a typical
computer system are numerical and logical entities, the operands in medical
machine are objects such as such as patients, blood samples, tissues, operating
rooms, medical staff, medical bills, patient payments, etc. We follow the
functional overlap between the two processes and evolve the design of medical
computer systems and networks.Comment: 17 page
The Research of Technological Approach to the Modeling of Information and Analytic Provision of Managing an Enterprise
The article is devoted to the solution of actual problems of innovative development of information and analytical provision of managing an enterprise according to the newest technology. A number of recommendations concerning technological upgrading foundation of modernization of information and analytic provision of managing an enterprise are elaborated. Technological approach to the modeling of information provision of business management is substantiated. Actualizing information and analytic provision of managing an enterprise has been carried out in developed flexible information system that is organized as internal network structure. Technological foundation of information and analytical process enterprise to modernize has been considered based on the modern tools of information and communication decisions. Information and analytical provision of managing have been developed through internal and external parallels of impact, which interconnection coordinates theory, methodology and organization of information processes with actualization of its model. The model of information and analytic provision of managing an enterprise according to the individual characteristics of corporate culture, and information environment and development strategy of business entity on the basis of characteristics of technological provision of information process is developed. Information complex has been suggested as developed system with technological process of forming initial data and modernizing processing, transmission and storage of information in accordance with distinctive characteristics of enterprise and general tendencies of its developmen
- …