Exploiting tacit knowledge through knowledge management technologies

The purpose of this paper is to examine the contributions and suitability of the available knowledge management (KM) technologies, including the Web 2.0 for exploiting tacit knowledge. It proposes an integrated framework for extracting tacit knowledge in organisations, which includes Web 2.0 technologies, KM tools, organisational learning (OL) and Community of Practice (CoP). It reviews a comprehensive literature covering overview of KM theories, KM technologies and OL and identifies the current state of knowledge relating to tacit knowledge exploitation. The outcomes of the paper indicate that Internet and Web 2.0 technologies have stunning prospects for creating learning communities where tacit knowledge can be extracted from people. The author recommends that organisations should design procedures and embed them in their Web 2.0 collaborative platforms persuading employees to record their ideas and share them with other members. It is also recommended that no idea should be taken for granted in a learning community where tacit knowledge exploitation is pursued. It is envisaged that future research should adopt empirical approach involving Complex Adaptive Model for Tacit Knowledge Exploitation (CAMTaKE) and the Theory of Deferred Action in examining the effectiveness of KM technologies including Web 2.0 tools for tacit knowledge exploitation

What can be done with the Semantic Web? An overview of Watson-based applications

Thanks to the huge efforts deployed in the community for creating, building and generating semantic information for the Semantic Web, large amounts of machine processable knowledge are now openly available. Watson is an infrastructure component for the Semantic Web, a gateway that provides the necessary functions to support applications in using the Semantic Web. In this paper, we describe a number of applications relying on Watson, with the purpose of demonstrating what can be achieved with the Semantic Web nowadays and what sort of new, smart and useful features can be derived from the exploitation of this large, distributed and heterogeneous base of semantic information

e-Extinction: An Illusion of Knowledge, The Presence of Ignorance, or Evolutionary Fate?

At present, the rate of small firm adoption of the Internet's ubiquitous World Wide Web (the web) far exceeds the actual exploitation its commercial potential. An inability to strategically acquire, comprehend and use external knowledge is proposed as a major barrier to optimal exploitation of the Internet. This paper discusses the limitations of applying market orientation theory to explain and guide small firm exploitation of the web. Absorptive capacity is introduced as an alternative theory that when viewed from an evolutionary perspective provides potentially more insightful discussion. An inability to detect emerging business model dominant designs is suggested to be a mixture of the nature of the technology that supports the Internet and underdeveloped small firm knowledge processing capabilities. We conclude with consideration of the practical and theoretical implications that arise from the paper

Collaborative editing of knowledge resources for cross-lingual text mining

The need to smoothly deal with textual documents expressed in different languages is increasingly becoming a relevant issue in modern text mining environments. Recently the research on this field has been considerably fostered by the necessity for Web users to easily search and browse the growing amount of heterogeneous multilingual contents available on-line as well as by the related spread of the Semantic Web. A common approach to cross-lingual text mining relies on the exploitation of sets of properly structured multilingual knowledge resources. The involvement of huge communities of users spread over different locations represents a valuable aid to create, enrich, and refine these knowledge resources. Collaborative editing Web environments are usually exploited to this purpose. This thesis analyzes the features of several knowledge editing tools, both semantic wikis and ontology editors, and discusses the main challenges related to the design and development of this kind of tools. Subsequently, it presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of the Wikyoto Knowledge Editor, called also Wikyoto. Wikyoto is the collaborative editing Web environment that enables Web users lacking any knowledge engineering background to edit the multilingual network of knowledge resources exploited by KYOTO, a cross-lingual text mining system developed in the context of the KYOTO European Project. To experiment real benefits from social editing of knowledge resources, it is important to provide common Web users with simplified and intuitive interfaces and interaction patterns. Users need to be motivated and properly driven so as to supply information useful for cross-lingual text mining. In addition, the management and coordination of their concurrent editing actions involve relevant technical issues. In the design of Wikyoto, all these requirements have been considered together with the structure and the set of knowledge resources exploited by KYOTO. Wikyoto aims at enabling common Web users to formalize cross-lingual knowledge by exploiting simplified language-driven interactions. At the same time, Wikyoto generates the set of complex knowledge structures needed by computers to mine information from textual contents. The learning curve of Wikyoto has been kept as shallow as possible by hiding the complexity of the knowledge structures to the users. This goal has been pursued by both enhancing the simplicity and interactivity of knowledge editing patterns and by using natural language interviews to carry out the most complex knowledge editing tasks. In this context, TMEKO, a methodology useful to support users to easily formalize cross-lingual information by natural language interviews has been defined. The collaborative creation of knowledge resources has been evaluated in Wikyoto

Knowledge will Propel Machine Understanding of Content: Extrapolating from Current Examples

Machine Learning has been a big success story during the AI resurgence. One particular stand out success relates to learning from a massive amount of data. In spite of early assertions of the unreasonable effectiveness of data, there is increasing recognition for utilizing knowledge whenever it is available or can be created purposefully. In this paper, we discuss the indispensable role of knowledge for deeper understanding of content where (i) large amounts of training data are unavailable, (ii) the objects to be recognized are complex, (e.g., implicit entities and highly subjective content), and (iii) applications need to use complementary or related data in multiple modalities/media. What brings us to the cusp of rapid progress is our ability to (a) create relevant and reliable knowledge and (b) carefully exploit knowledge to enhance ML/NLP techniques. Using diverse examples, we seek to foretell unprecedented progress in our ability for deeper understanding and exploitation of multimodal data and continued incorporation of knowledge in learning techniques.Comment: Pre-print of the paper accepted at 2017 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence (WI). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1610.0770

Analisis kelemahan cross site scripting pada PHP Nuke untuk keamanan website = The Analysis of the Weakness of Cross Site Scriptingin PHP Nuke For Website Security

The problem of exploitation system of web portal through vulnerability of Cross Site Scripting of PHP Nuke 5.2 is becoming a crucial topic. It is found by CERT in september 2002. The appearance of the .problem of the system web portal represent the shares is different from attending of open program system a system application of web portal whic is obtained easily and free of charge. A group of one who can be told as attacker have the very circumstantial knowledge about the system of security of web portal. This matter supports a good program ability use of the PHP and its correctness learn the source code of document and antirety article have a similar purpose that is to look for the vulnerabilitas from an existing program. A system of web portal also has the risk factor and the high threat effect of incured by attack of Cross Site Scripting will water down the attacker conducting the infiltration into system of web portal use PHP Nuke application CERT on 18 September 2002 through the information at her website wrote about vulnerability Cross Site Scripting from PHP Nuke. It criticize that file admin.php whic do not use authentication administrator at the command copy with the variable $upload so that attacker can exploit this weakness by copying the certain file in web portal as the attacker like. The researcher chose exploitation program of security through Cross Site Scripting as the object on the thesis. As a supported facility data from conveying problems of security and text book related to parsing parameter in PHP Programming. Keywords : Exploitation, Cross Site Scripting, Website, Analysis, Vulnerability, PHP Nuke

Soil contamination by heavy metals at Libiola abandoned copper mine, Italy

Exploitation of ores has surely represented a risk for contamination of environmental matrices for a long time. This paper reports the results of a study concerning soil contamination by heavy metals at Libiola abandoned copper mine (Italy). This deposit has surely got special importance in Italy because of its historical, environmental and mining features. From a historical viewpoint, Libiola deposit was known since Copper Age, with maximum exploitation at the end of the 19th century. Our investigation plan was elaborated in order to characterize the environmental matrices there, and it provided for inspection of the zones (included in the valley of Gromolo stream) which, according to our preliminary studies and according to literature, could be most affected by past mining activity. Within our selected zones, some soils (even cultivated) were collected in order to check their contamination by heavy metals. Results from the analysis of the collected soil samples showed that the content of heavy metals often exceeds limits provided by the Italian Law 152/06. The knowledge of situation concerning pollution can give useful indications about the influence of mining activities on the surrounding environment, and it can also be valid support in order to organize an optimal future use of the studied mining area, which has been abandoned since its closure (1962).Web of Science23334533

Sitting of a solar power plant: Development of Web service based on GEOSS data and guidance

International audienceRenewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy offer a large untapped potential for electricity production. The exploitation of these energies requires accurate knowledge of the resources and of their availability (in space and time) as well as accurate forecasts in the different phases of an energy system life cycle. For instance, the site selection process for development of large solar systems, such as photovoltaic on open land, require data on time-averaged values of solar irradiance from which basic economic assessments of a plant concept can be made. The paper illustrates the exploitation of Earth Observation data in this context. It describes the approach of setting-up a series of Web services that implement key features in Earth Observation data exploitation and illustrate their use through a complex application in the sitting of a solar power plant. The scenario is built on GEOSS interoperability and standard guidance

Bootstrapping and Collaboratively Enriching the Italian Domain WordNet through the WiKyoto Knowledge Editor

Enhancing the development of multilingual resources is of utmost importance for use in computer applications. The need of ever growing resources for effective multilingual content processing has given impulse to a radical change in the perspective of language resource (LR) creation, structuring, exploitation and maintenance. The Web has played a key role in this process: indeed the possibility to access growing amounts of structured and unstructured data as well as the ease of creating and sharing contents between distributed communities of users have strongly affected the methodologies and techniques to bootstrap, enrich and access LRs. From static knowledge bases usually created and maintained by groups of experts and tailored to the specific exploitation contexts, LRs have turned into dynamic repositories of linguistic knowledge. Their content is usually easily accessible over the Web and often exploited, aggregated and optimized on-the-fly by on-line information mining services. In this context, the adoption of standardized data formats to facilitate interoperability and data exchange is essential. Moreover, the creation and maintenance of these resources has taken great advantage from the possibility to harvest Web data in order to bootstrap or enrich them. Several new frameworks have been proposed to support access, search, integration and interoperability of "new generation" LRs. Wide distributed communities of Web users are more and more directly or indirectly involved in keeping language resources updated or in extending them. After a brief description of modern LRs, we focus our attention on two essential issues involving them: the need for standard formats that support interoperability in a distributed Web context and the possibility for the Web communities to collaboratively maintain and enrich these resources. In particular, we present the Italian WordNet (IWN) and its exploitation in the context of the KYOTO Project, as a real-world scenario where standardization, interlinking, enrichment as well as collaborative editing are put into practice. The KYOTO Project is a complex knowledge-driven environment built with the aim of enabling communities of users to mine information form textual documents, sharing the collected facts across cultures, languages and domains. The semantic ground supporting all the information mining tasks of KYOTO is constituted by the Multilingual Knowledge Base, composed by a collection of WordNets encoding language-specific lexical patterns for each language covered by KYOTO. All of them are mapped to the language-independent entities of the KYOTO Central Ontology. In the context of KYOTO, we describe the process followed to define WordNet-LMF (WN-LMF), the standard format tailored to represent lexical resources adhering to the lexical knowledge WordNet model, useful to easily integrate general and domain lexicons in KYOTO. We present the conversion of the IWN to the WN-LMF standard, as a necessary pre-requisite for IWN to be integrated in the Multilingual Knowledge Base. We expose a (semi)-automatic procedure which allows IWN to upgrade ILI connections to the last version available of the Princeton English WordNet, 3.0. We also consider the Species2000 SKOS thesaurus, a knowledge resource with a data structure different from WordNet: we present its conversion to WN-LMF. To enable the multilingual and multicultural community of KYOTO users to maintain and extend KYOTO knowledge resources, we introduce the Wikyoto Knowledge Editor: it is the Web-based wiki environment useful to navigate, collaboratively enrich the Multilingual Knowledge Base. We describe its Web interface by a practical use case concerning the extension of the Italian Domain WordNet

Web Page Recommendation Using Domain Knowledge and Improved Frequent Sequential Pattern Mining Algorithm

Web page recommendation is the technique of web site customization to fulfil the needs of every particular user or group of users. The web has become largest world of knowledge. So it is more crucial task of the webmasters to manage the contents of the particular websites to gather the requirements of the web users. The web page recommendation systems most part based on the exploitation of the patterns of the site's visitors. Domain ontology’s provide shared and regular understanding of a particular domain. Existing system uses pre-order linked WAP-tree mining (PLWAP Mine) algorithm that helps web recommendation system to recommend the interested pages but it has some drawbacks, it require more execution time and memory. To overcome the drawbacks of existing system paper utilizes PREWAP algorithm. The PREWAP algorithm recommends the interested results to web user within less time and with less memory and improves the efficiency of web page recommendation system. In work, various models are presented; the first model is Web Usage Mining which uses the web logs. The second model also utilizes web logs to represent the domain knowledge, here the domain ontology is used to solve the new page problem. Likewise the prediction model, which is a network of domain terms, which is based on the frequently viewed web-pages and represents the integrated web usage. The recommendation results have been successfully verified based on the results which are acquired from a proposed and existing web usage mining (WUM) technique