35,262 research outputs found
Telescope Bibliographies: an Essential Component of Archival Data Management and Operations
Assessing the impact of astronomical facilities rests upon an evaluation of
the scientific discoveries which their data have enabled. Telescope
bibliographies, which link data products with the literature, provide a way to
use bibliometrics as an impact measure for the underlying data. In this paper
we argue that the creation and maintenance of telescope bibliographies should
be considered an integral part of an observatory's operations. We review the
existing tools, services, and workflows which support these curation
activities, giving an estimate of the effort and expertise required to maintain
an archive-based telescope bibliography.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, to appear in SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and
Instrumentation, SPIE Conference Series 844
Development of Distributed Research Center for analysis of regional climatic and environmental changes
We present an approach and first results of a collaborative project being carried out by a joint team of researchers from the Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems, Russia and Earth Systems Research Center UNH, USA. Its main objective is development of a hardware and software platform prototype of a Distributed Research Center (DRC) for monitoring and projecting of regional climatic and environmental changes in the Northern extratropical areas. The DRC should provide the specialists working in climate related sciences and decision-makers with accurate and detailed climatic characteristics for the selected area and reliable and affordable tools for their in-depth statistical analysis and studies of the effects of climate change. Within the framework of the project, new approaches to cloud processing and analysis of large geospatial datasets (big geospatial data) inherent to climate change studies are developed and deployed on technical platforms of both institutions. We discuss here the state of the art in this domain, describe web based information-computational systems developed by the partners, justify the methods chosen to reach the project goal, and briefly list the results obtained so far
MADNESS: A Multiresolution, Adaptive Numerical Environment for Scientific Simulation
MADNESS (multiresolution adaptive numerical environment for scientific
simulation) is a high-level software environment for solving integral and
differential equations in many dimensions that uses adaptive and fast harmonic
analysis methods with guaranteed precision based on multiresolution analysis
and separated representations. Underpinning the numerical capabilities is a
powerful petascale parallel programming environment that aims to increase both
programmer productivity and code scalability. This paper describes the features
and capabilities of MADNESS and briefly discusses some current applications in
chemistry and several areas of physics
Cancer 2.0: A Summary of Recent Research
Outlines findings on Internet access and use among cancer patients compared with other chronic disease patients, the demand for health information online, the role of social network sites, and implications for cancer treatment and research
Design Process and Organisational Strategy: A Storytelling Perspective
This paper explores the relationship between design process and organisational strategy through a storytelling perspective by providing a literature review; firstly, in relation to society in general; establishing a contextual background to the research. Secondly, by relating this to a) how designers and design researchers examine storytelling within design process, and b) how organisational strategists theorise storytelling. Then finally, through comparing and contrasting the literature, unearth the relevancies of using a storytelling perspective and uncover opportunities for understanding how design process impacts organisational strategy. It is apparent that certain underlying principles in adopting a storytelling perspective when employing organisational strategy and design process coexist. Foremost are the human centred focuses; in particular building relationships and constructing identities. Concerning the approaches to storytelling, a shared desire to elicit emotional resonance with audiences exists in the use of characterisation. During collaboration between designers and organisations, stories resulting from the design process will incontrovertibly have the potential to impact that company’s peoples. Examining collaborations between designers and organisations from the perspective of storytelling could lead to a deeper understanding of the impact design can have in an organisation, particularly along the themes of a sense of community, constructing meaning and affecting change within organisations
AstroGrid-D: Grid Technology for Astronomical Science
We present status and results of AstroGrid-D, a joint effort of
astrophysicists and computer scientists to employ grid technology for
scientific applications. AstroGrid-D provides access to a network of
distributed machines with a set of commands as well as software interfaces. It
allows simple use of computer and storage facilities and to schedule or monitor
compute tasks and data management. It is based on the Globus Toolkit middleware
(GT4). Chapter 1 describes the context which led to the demand for advanced
software solutions in Astrophysics, and we state the goals of the project. We
then present characteristic astrophysical applications that have been
implemented on AstroGrid-D in chapter 2. We describe simulations of different
complexity, compute-intensive calculations running on multiple sites, and
advanced applications for specific scientific purposes, such as a connection to
robotic telescopes. We can show from these examples how grid execution improves
e.g. the scientific workflow. Chapter 3 explains the software tools and
services that we adapted or newly developed. Section 3.1 is focused on the
administrative aspects of the infrastructure, to manage users and monitor
activity. Section 3.2 characterises the central components of our architecture:
The AstroGrid-D information service to collect and store metadata, a file
management system, the data management system, and a job manager for automatic
submission of compute tasks. We summarise the successfully established
infrastructure in chapter 4, concluding with our future plans to establish
AstroGrid-D as a platform of modern e-Astronomy.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures Subjects: data analysis, image processing,
robotic telescopes, simulations, grid. Accepted for publication in New
Astronom
Public access to environmental information: Past, present and future
Since the late 1960s and the "environmental revolution", information and information systems have been an integral part of the environmental debate. In the decade that has passed since the Rio conference and the establishment of the "sustainable development" principle, there have been legislative and practical moves to open access to environmental information for all stakeholders that are involved in environmental decision making processes. In this paper, the origins of environmental information and public environmental information systems are explored and scrutinised. The paper questions the current state of the art in environmental information provision, and offers some directions for possible improvements. © 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd
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