Nosocomial Infection Prevention Through Universal Precaution in YOGYAKARTA Muhammadiyah Hospital

Prevention of nosocomial infections in hospitals can be done through the implementation of universal precaution program or action asepsis and antisepsis tapping. These actions undertaken by health workers, both nurses and physicians, universal precaution measures include: hand washing, use of gloves, use aseptic liquid, processing of used equipment and waste disposal. The purpose of this study to determine the prevention of nosocomial infections in hospitals through universal precautions in hospitals Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta area. Design of this research is descriptive qualitative case study approach. Collecting data used techniques focus group discussions. Data analyzed using content analysis. The application of universal precautions in hospitals throughout Yogyakarta PKU show that health workers have attempted to implement universal precautions including hand washing action on the water flow, perform hand hygiene, and always tries to wear personal protective equipment. Nurses knowledge about nosocomial infections has been well and for prevention need to implement universal precautions. The attitude of nurses in implementing universal precautions have been good, to the extent responsible. Most hospitals have had the availability of facilities and support the implementation of universal precaution well, and partly still exist limitations in the availability of facilities and support the implementation of universal precaution

Infection prevention as "a show": a qualitative study of nurses' infection prevention behaviours

Background: Control of infection and prevention of healthcare associated infections is an ongoing issue worldwide. Yet despite initiatives and strategies to reduce the burden that these infections cause, healthcare workers' practice is still reported as suboptimal and these infections persist. Much of the research to date has primarily focused on predicting infection prevention behaviours and factors associated with guideline compliance. While this has given valuable insight, an investigation aiming to understand and explain behaviours that occur in everyday practice from the perspective of the actors themselves may hold the key to the challenges of effecting behaviour change. This study questioned "How can nurses' infection prevention behaviour be explained?" This paper presents one of three identified themes 'Rationalising dirt-related behaviour'. Design: This interpretative qualitative study uses vignettes, developed from nurses' accounts of practice, to explore nurses' reported infection prevention behaviours. Participants: Registered nurses working in an acute hospital setting and had been qualified for over a year. They were recruited while studying part-time at a London University. Methods: Twenty semi-structured interviews were undertaken using a topic guide and vignettes. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using the framework method. Results: The findings demonstrate that participants were keen to give a good impression and present themselves as knowledgeable practitioners, although it was evident that they did not always follow procedure and policy. They rationalised their own behaviour and logically justified any deviations from policy. Deviations in others were criticised as irrational and explained as superficial and part of a 'show' or display. However, participants also gave a presentation of themselves: a show or display that was influenced by the desire to protect self and satisfy patient scrutiny. Conclusions: This study contributes to the identification and explanation of nurses' infection prevention behaviours which are considered inappropriate or harmful. Behaviour is multifaceted and complex, stemming from a response to factors that are outside a purely 'scientific' understanding of infection and not simply understood as a deficit in knowledge. This calls for educational interventions that consider beliefs, values and social understanding of dirt and infection. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd

Pro Con debates in clinical medicine Infection prevention and control in cystic fibrosis: one size fits all? The argument against

As awareness of the risks of cross infection has increased, infection prevention and control measures have become more draconian. Infection control measures can have a profound effect of the organisation and delivery of CF services and on the lives of people with CF outside the hospital. However, the consequences of inadequate infection control measures may be the permanent acquisition of a chronic infection which is virtually untreatable. Recommendations for infection prevention and control therefore must protect patients but should also be evidence-based and proportionate. This article will review the literature, juxtaposing evidence and popular practice

Encouraging practitioners in infection prevention and control to publish: a cross-sectional survey

Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional survey was to determine the views of infection prevention and control practitioners (IPCPs) on publishing research. Methods: A convenience sample was obtained by approaching delegates at the 2015 Infection Prevention Society conference and data was captured via a hand-held electronic device. Findings: Of the 79 respondents most (83%) read Journal of Infection Prevention (JIP) and found it useful for informing their practice (72%). However, most (91%) had never published in JIP, and less than half (40%) published elsewhere. The main barrier to publication was not having work suitable for publication (38%). Support (37%), training in writing for publication (10%) and time (9%) were considered to be important facilitators in encouraging respondents to publish. Discussion: Strategies that support IPCPs in developing their writing skills may encourage more IPCPs to disseminate evidence to support best practice by publishing their work in peer reviewed journals

Are you serious? From fist bumping to hand hygiene: considering culture, context and complexity in infection prevention intervention research

Infection prevention is an under-resourced research and development topic, with limited evidence for practice in the most basic of measures. A survey of IPS R&D members indicated that what might appear to be simple interactions and interventions in healthcare, such as hand shaking and hand hygiene, should be considered complex interventions taking account of behaviour at the individual and social level as well as contextual factors. Future studies need to be designed utilising comprehensive approaches, for example, the Medical Research Council complex interventions framework, tailored to the country and more local cultural context, if we are to be serious about evidence for infection prevention and control practice

Analisis Perbedaan Upaya Pencegahan Infeksi antara Bidan Delima dan Non Delima dalam Asuhan Persalinan di Kabupaten Kulon Progo

Universitas Diponegoro Program Pascasarjana Program Magister Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Konsentrasi Administrasi dan Kebijakan Kesehatan Minat Manajemen Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak 2012 ABSTRAK Munica Rita Hernayanti Analisis Perbedaan Upaya Pencegahan Infeksi antara Bidan Delima dan Non Delima dalam Asuhan Persalinan di Kabupaten Kulon Progo xiv + 121 halaman + 21 tabel + 6 gambar + 5 lampiran Praktik pencegahan infeksi oleh tenaga kesehatan masih bersifat selektif. Di Kabupaten Kulon Progo 44,4 % kematian bayi disebabkan oleh sepsis, 9 % kematian ibu disebabkan komplikasi demam nifas. Pertolongan persalinan 59 % dilakukan Bidan Praktik Swasta (BPS), dengan 47,8 % BPS telah berpredikat Bidan Delima yang seharusnya melayani dengan service of excellence. Studi pendahuluan menunjukkan Bidan Delima mengangap sepele dan merasa repot dengan pencegahan infeksi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan upaya pencegahan infeksi antara Bidan Delima dan non delima dalam asuhan persalinan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik komparatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah semua BPS di Kabupaten Kulon Progo sejumlah 90 BPS. Subjek terdiri dari 34 Bidan Delima dan 34 BPS non delima yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Pengumpulan data dengan metode angket menggunakan kuesioner dan observasi dengan lembar observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 8 (delapan) variabel yang diteliti Bidan Delima mempunyai nilai yang lebih baik dibanding BPS non delima. Hasil uji beda menunjukkan ada perbedaan bermakna dalam pelaksanaan pencegahan infeksi (p = 0,003), ada perbedaan bermakna dalam hal pengetahuan (p = 0,037), sikap (p = 0,03), persepsi kepuasan pasien (p = 0,016), persepsi beban kerja (p = 0,027), dukungan organisasi profesi (p = 0,012). Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna dalam pelatihan pencegahan infeksi (p = 0,169) dan motivasi bidan (p = 0,325). Uji bivariat dengan stratifikasi umur menunjukkan ada 2 (dua) variabel yaitu pelaksaaan pencegahan infeksi dan persepsi kepuasan pasien yang tidak mempunyai perbedaan bermakna baik pada kelompok umur tua maupun umur muda. Direkomendasikan agar IBI menetapkan prosedur tetap pencegahan infeksi pada asuhan persalinan yang harus dipatuhi anggotanya dan melakukan pembinaan program Bidan Delima sebagai program unggulan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan BPS. Direkomendasikan kepada dinas kesehatan agar memfasilitasi penyelenggaraan pelatihan manajemen pencegahan infeksi dan bekerjasama dengan IBI melakukan pembinaan terhadap BPS tentang pentingnya pencegahan infeksi khususnya pada asuhan persalinan. Kata Kunci : Pencegahan Infeksi, Persalinan, Bidan Delima Kepustakaan : 42 (1996 – 2012) Diponegoro University Postgraduate Program Master’s Program in Public Health Majoring in Health Policy Administration Sub Majoring in Maternal and Child Health Management 2012 ABSTRACT Munica Rita Hernayanti Analysis on the Differences between the Infection Prevention Practice by Delima and Non Delima Midwives in Delivery Cares in Kulon Progo District xiv + 121 pages + 21 tables + 6 figures + 5 enclosures Infection preventive practice by health workers was still selectively done. In Kulon Progo district 44.4% of infant mortality was caused by sepsis, 9% by post-delivery fever complication. The majority of delivery assistance was done by private practice midwives (BPS). Almost a half (47.8%) of BPS had Delima midwives predicate. They should do their work with service of excellence. A preliminary study showed that Delima midwives did not take into account infection prevention and they felt that infection prevention was annoying. The study objective was to identify the infection preventive action difference between Delima and non Delima midwives in the delivery care. This was an observational analytic and comparative study with cross sectional approach. Study population was all 90 BPS in Kulon Progo district. Study subjects consisted of 34 Delima midwives and 34 BPS non Delima who fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through survey using questionnaire and observation using observation sheet. Results of the study showed that Delima midwives had higher value on eight examined variables than non Delima BPS. Results of a difference test showed that there was a significant difference in the implementation of infection prevention (p= 0.003), knowledge (p= 0.037), attitude (p= 0.03), patient satisfaction perception (p= 0.016), perception on workload (p= 0.027), support from organizational profession (p= 0.012). There was no significant difference in infection preventive training (p= 0.169), and midwives motivation (p= 0.325). Results of bivariate test with age stratification showed that two variables namely implementation of infection prevention and patient satisfaction perception were not significantly different in both elder age group and young age group. Recommendation for IBI is to establish standard procedure of infection prevention in the delivery care. All members of IBI should obey this standard procedure. IBI should develop Delima midwives program as a superior program to improve BPS service. Recommendations for district health office are to facilitate training implementation on the management of infection prevention, to collaborate with IBI to do supervision to BPS focusing on the important of infection prevention especially in the delivery care. Key words : Infection prevention, delivery, Delima midwives Bibliography : 42 (1996-2012

Infection prevention practices and associated factors among healthcare workers in governmental healthcare facilities in Addis Ababa

Background: Failure to follow proper infection prevention practices puts healthcare workers, patients and communities at risk. Despite the increases of highly contagious infections, infection prevention practices among healthcare workers is unknown in many developing countries. The need to understand infection prevention practices is important for prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess infection prevention practices and associated factors among healthcare workers in governmental healthcare facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted from February to March 2016, in Addis Ababa among 629 healthcare workers who were selected by multistage sampling technique from 30 governmental healthcare facilities. Data were collected using pre-tested interviewer administered structured questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi -data 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with infection prevention practices.. Findings were presented using odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals., A p-value less than 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.Results: Six hundred five (96.2%) healthcare workers participated in the study. Four hundred (66.1%, (95%CI: 62.1%- 70.1%)) health care workers had good infection prevention practices. Having good knowledge on infection prevention meausures (AOR =1.53, 95%CI: 1.05-2.22), having positive attitude towards infection prevention practices (AOR=2.03, 95%CI: 1.26- 3.26), having awareness on availability of standard operating procedures (AOR=1.97, 95%CI: 1.34-2.93) and presence of continuous water supply (AOR=1.68, 95%CI: 1.11-2.56) were predictors of good infection prevention practices.Conclusion: Two-third of the healthcare workers had good infection prevention practices. Having good knowledge on infection prevention measures, having positive attitude towards infection prevention practices, having awareness on availability of standard operating procedures and presence of continuous water supply were predictors of good infection prevention practices. To sustain good practices, adequate pre-service and in-service training should be in place to equip and update health care workers about infection prevention precautions. The need for continuous supervision should be implemented to strengthen adherence for infection prevention practices among workers along with sustainable and reliable water supply is crucial.Keywords: Healthcare workers, Infection prevention, Nosocomial infection, Practice, Addis Abab

Preventing respiratory viral transmission in long-term care: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare personnel

OBJECTIVETo examine knowledge and attitudes about influenza vaccination and infection prevention practices among healthcare personnel (HCP) in a long-term-care (LTC) setting.DESIGNKnowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) survey.SETTINGAn LTC facility in St Louis, Missouri.PARTICIPANTSAll HCP working at the LTC facility were eligible to participate, regardless of department or position. Of 170 full- and part-time HCP working at the facility, 73 completed the survey, a 42.9% response rate.RESULTSMost HCP agreed that respiratory viral infections were serious and that hand hygiene and face mask use were protective. However, only 46% could describe the correct transmission-based precautions for an influenza patient. Correctly answering infection prevention knowledge questions did not vary by years of experience but did vary for HCP with more direct patient contact versus less patient contact. Furthermore, 42% of respondents reported working while sick, and 56% reported that their coworkers did. In addition, 54% reported that facility policies made staying home while ill difficult. Some respondents expressed concerns about the safety (22%) and effectiveness (27%) of the influenza vaccine, and 28% of respondents stated that they would not get the influenza vaccine if it was not required.CONCLUSIONSThis survey of staff in an LTC facility identified several areas for policy improvement, particularly sick leave, as well as potential targets for interventions to improve infection prevention knowledge and to address HCP concerns about influenza vaccination to improve HCP vaccination rates in LTCs.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:1449–1456</jats:sec