Interactive Knowledge Construction in the Collaborative Building of an Encyclopedia

International audienceOne of the major challenges of Applied Artificial Intelligence is to provide environments where high level human activities like learning, constructing theories or performing experiments, are enhanced by Artificial Intelligence technologies. This paper starts with the description of an ambitious project: EnCOrE2. The specific real world EnCOrE scenario, significantly representing a much wider class of potential applicative contexts, is dedicated to the building of an Encyclopedia of Organic Chemistry in the context of Virtual Communities of experts and students. Its description is followed by a brief survey of some major AI questions and propositions in relation with the problems raised by the EnCOrE project. The third part of the paper starts with some definitions of a set of “primitives” for rational actions, and then integrates them in a unified conceptual framework for the interactive construction of knowledge. To end with, we sketch out protocols aimed at guiding both the collaborative construction process and the collaborative learning process in the EnCOrE project.The current major result is the emerging conceptual model supporting interaction between human agents and AI tools integrated in Grid services within a socio-constructivist approach, consisting of cycles of deductions, inductions and abductions upon facts (the shared reality) and concepts (their subjective interpretation) submitted to negotiations, and finally converging to a socially validated consensus

Trust model of privacy-concerned, emotionally-aware agents in a cooperative logistics problem

In this paper we propose a trust model to be used into a hypothetical mixed environment where humans and unmanned vehicles cooperate. We address the inclusion of emotions inside a trust model in a coherent way to the practical approaches to the current psychology theories. The most innovative contribution is how privacy issues play a role in the cooperation decisions of the emotional trust model. Both, emotions and trust have been cognitively modeled and managed with the Beliefs, Desires and Intentions (BDI) paradigm into autonomous agents implemented in GAML (the programming language of GAMA agent platform) that communicates using the IEEE FIPA standard. The trusting behaviour of these emotional agents is tested in a cooperative logistics problem where: agents have to move objects to destinations and some of the objects and places have privacy issues. The execution of simulations of this logistic problem shows how emotions and trust contribute to improve the performance of agents in terms of both, time savings and privacy protectio

Affect and Social Processes in Online Communication- Experiments with an Affective Dialog System

Abstract—This paper presents an integrated view on a series of experiments conducted with an affective dialog system, applied as a tool in studies of emotions and social processes in online communication. The different realizations of the system are evaluated in three experimental setups in order to verify effects of affective profiles, as well as of fine-grained communication scenarios on users’ expressions of affective states, experienced emotional changes, and interaction patterns. Results demonstrate that the system applied in virtual reality settings matches a Wizard-of-Oz in terms of chatting enjoyment, dialog coherence and realism. Variants of the system’s affective profile significantly influence the rating of chatting enjoyment and an emotional connection. Self-reported emotional changes experienced by participants during an interaction with the system are in line with the type of applied profile. Analysis of interaction patterns, i.e., usage of particular dialog act classes, word categories, and textual expressions of affective states for different scenarios, demonstrates that a communication scenario for social sharing of emotions was successfully established. The experimental evidence provides valuable input for applications of affective dialog systems and strengthens them as valid tools for studying affect and social aspects in online communication. Index Terms—Affective dialog system, human-computer interaction, affect sensing and analysis, structuring affective interactions.

Mathematics education research on language and on communication including some distinctions : Where are we now?

Altres ajuts: acords transformatius de la UABIn this article, we present a narrative review of mathematics education research on language and on communication over 2019-2022, but also look ahead by addressing challenges posed by the lack of distinction between language and communication. The persistence and significance of the problem of the distinction between language and communication are thus outlined in a historical moment of celebration of growth of research in the domain. Informed by the analysis of a selection of research journal articles and by our trajectories, we discuss influential topics in the recent discourse: multilingual mathematics classrooms; mathematics teacher education on language in mathematics teaching; multimodal mathematical communication; interaction and mathematics learning; mathematical language and discourse. We connect this with new emerging or old revisited concepts: instructional designing, gesturing, argumenting and languaging. We finish by further reflecting on multimodal mathematical communication and gesturing, and on the potential of expanding the notion of mathematics register towards a notion of mathematics communication register

After-Action Reviews: The Good Behavior, The Bad Behavior, And Why We Should Care

After action reviews have been a common learning and reliability intervention in organizations for decades, and though they have attracted the interest of scholars in recent years, researchers have yet to consider practitioner views of what makes these meetings more or less effective and to check their association with desired outcomes. The current multi-study begins by investigating what makes for good and bad after-action reviews (AARs) using an inductive approach and analyzing responses to open-ended questions about AAR attendee behaviors perceived as more or less effective by participants. Building upon Study 1, Study 2 focuses on the effects of good attendee behavior on desirable outcomes for AARs in high-reliability organizations (HROs). Self-reported data were obtained through online surveys (N = 311). As hypothesized, the first study found that when open-ended questions were posed to firefighters there was strong agreement on what is required to facilitate a good AAR and prevent a bad one. The second study found that conducting AARs provides a venue for team building and potentially enhancing the safety climate on crews

The Use of Assisted Reproductive Technologies to Improve Pregnancy Rates in White-tailed Deer

Detection of estrus in white-tailed (WT) deer is laborious and often missed, as there are few visual cues presented during the 24 h period in which females are receptive to mating. Reproductive management of WT operations is improved by the use of fixed-timed artificial insemination (FTAI) protocols. Fixed-timed AI removes the need for estrus detection and ensures the breeding of an entire herd, as well as the ability to schedule fawning within predetermined timeframes. Two studies evaluated two FTAI regimens and their ability to synchronize estrous in WT. The first study implemented the administration of eCG 200 IU (im) at progesterone device removal (CIDR-g), which had been present for 14 d, followed by FTAI 60 h post-CIDR-g removal. Finding from this study demonstrated that eCG given at CIDR removal did not affect pregnancy rates, nor did the fecundity rates of does pregnant to FTAI differ from does pregnant from natural mating. Does that were inseminated ¡Ý60.5 h after CIDR-g removal were 22 times more likely to become pregnant following FTAI than does which were inseminated ¡Ü60.5 h post-CIDR-g removal. The second study evaluated the effect of GnRH administered at insemination on pregnancy rates following a 14 d CIDR-g regimen. Similar to the previous study, does inseminated beyond 60.5 h post-CIDR-g withdrawal were four times more likely to become pregnant to FTAI. The odds of pregnancy also increased 5 times when does were treated with GnRH. However, the pregnancy rates from this study were lower than those when eCG was given at CIDR-g withdrawal. In addition to improving WT estrous synchronization, FTAI can lead to further improvements in WT in vitro production and propagation of desired genetics throughout a herd. The third study evaluated the chemical components of two in vitro fertilization media (BIVF and DSOF) and their ability to induce capacitation and the acrosome reaction in WT epididymal spermatozoa. Induction of lipid disorder was more likely when spermatozoa were in the presence of BIVF than DSOF. Additionally, when compared to supplementation of sheep serum, heparin in BIVF was more likely to improve capacitation rates. However, higher levels of calcium concentrations in DSOF were twice as likely to induce the acrosome reaction (AR)