Center for Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Laboratory Services Public Health Informatics Office activity booklet 2022

Introduction -- Strategic Agenda -- Sentinel Surveillance -- COVID-19 Seroprevalence -- Advancing Health Equity -- Collecting Better Data about People Experiencing Homelessness -- Promoting Adoption of HL7\uae FHIR\uae -- Promoting Use of Innovative Data Linkage Strategies -- Standardizing Data Elements -- Making Rapid Data Exchange a Reality -- Developing Technical and Architecture Solutions

What Directions for Public Health Under the Affordable Care Act?

Outlines opportunities for public health efforts under the 2010 healthcare reform law, such as building prevention into insurance expansion and boosting innovation in population health, as well as challenges, such as budget constraints

A guide to community-centred approaches for health and wellbeing

Local government and the NHS have important roles in building confident and connected communities as part of efforts to improve health and reduce inequalities. The project ‘Working with communities: empowerment evidence and learning’ was initiated jointly by PHE and NHS England to draw together and disseminate research and learning on community-centred approaches for health and wellbeing. This report presents the work undertaken in phase 1 of the project and provides a guide to the case for change, the concepts, the varieties of approach that have been tried and tested and sources of evidence

Redefining Auditing in a Blockchain Era: Opportunities and Obstacles for External Auditors

The characteristics and mode of operation of blockchain technology could transform the accounting and auditing industries. The technological advancements introduced by Blockchain are anticipated to significantly influence reporting and auditing procedures, particularly within accounting information systems. The escalating adoption of blockchain technology is poised to alter the comprehensiveness and caliber of information accessible to auditors, thereby impacting the auditing process. Consequently, it is imperative for professionals in accounting and auditing to grasp both the prospects and impediments posed by these innovative technologies. This study endeavors to scrutinize the role of blockchain within the realms of accounting and auditing, both within existing literature and in professional practice

Transforming Nepal’s primary health care delivery system in global health era: addressing historical and current implementation challenges

Nepal’s Primary Health Care (PHC) is aligned vertically with disease control programs at the core and a vast network of community health workers at the periphery. Aligning with the globalization of health and the factors affecting global burden of diseases, Nepal echoes the progressive increase in life expectancy, changes in diseases patterns, including the current impact of COVID-19. Nepal’s health system is also accommodating recent federalization, and thus it is critical to explore how the primary health care system is grappling the challenges amidst these changes. In this review, we conducted a narrative synthesis of literature to explore the challenges related to transformation of Nepal’s primary health care delivery system to meet the demands incurred by impact of globalization and recent federalization, covering following database: PubMED, Embase and Google Scholar. Of the 49 articles abstracted for full text review, 37 were included in the analyses. Existing theories were used for constructing the conceptual framework to explain the study findings. The results are divided into four themes. Additional searches were conducted to further support the narrative synthesis: a total of 46 articles were further included in the articulation of main findings. Transforming Nepal’s primary health care system requires a clear focus on following priority areas that include i) Revised efforts towards strengthening of community based primary health care units; ii) Adapting vertical programs to federal governance; iii) Reinforcing the health insurance scheme; and iv) Strengthening an existing network of community health workers and health human resources. This review discusses how these broad goals bear challenges and opportunities

Metamorphosing Indian Blockchain ecosystem

A blockchain is a decentralised database that is shared across computer network nodes. A blockchain acts as a database, storing information in a digital format. The study primarily aims to explore how in the future, block chain technology will alter several areas of the Indian economy. The current study aims to obtain a deeper understanding of blockchain technology's idea and implementation in India, as well as the technology's potential as a disruptive financial technological innovation. Secondary sources such as reports, journals, papers, and websites were used to compile all the data. Current and relevant information were utilised to help understand the research goals. All the information is rationally organised to fulfil the objectives. The current research focuses on recommendations for enhancing India's Blockchain ecosystem so that it may become one of the best in the world at utilising this new technology

Promoting National Unity in Nigeria: The Roles Of Library And Information Professionals.

This study explores the importance of national unity in Nigeria and how it can lead to progress. Library professionals can play a key role in promoting diversity and inclusivity, which are essential for peaceful coexistence. National unity can be achieved through common goals, open communication, and collaboration. Access to timely and accurate information is also crucial in achieving social cohesion. The study highlights the responsibilities of LIS professionals in promoting national unity, such as ethical standards, financial information and vocational training, providing authorized sources of information, incorporating Indigenous knowledge into the curriculum, among other things. Collaboration between government agencies and other organizations is critical for promoting national unity. Nigeria needs to understand the significance of coming together despite cultural differences for progress through economic development or otherwise. Highlighting common goals enables people from different backgrounds to come together without feeling divided about other aspects of their identity. Adequate access to relevant information promotes transparency and equal representation across all facets of society - ultimately leading towards inclusivity which is a necessary component for any country\u27s success regardless of its size or population demographics. This research identifies strategies that promote social cohesion amidst religious or tribal differences towards a common goal beneficial for all parties involved while cultivating values like respectfulness towards diversity that foster peaceful co-existence among fellow Nigerians ultimately leading to National Unity- a positive outcome for the country

Aligning Health Care, Public Health, and Social Services: A Scoping Review of the Role of Purpose, Governance, Finance, and Data

Organisations spanning social services, public health and healthcare have increasingly experimented with collaboration as a tool for improving population health and reducing health disparities. While there has been progress, the results have fallen short of expectations. Reflecting on these shortcomings, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) recently proposed a new framework for cross-sector alignment intended to move the field towards improved outcomes. A central idea in this framework is that collaboratives will be more effective and sustainable if they develop collaborative systems in four core areas: shared purpose, governance, finance and shared data. The goal of this paper is to provide a foundation for research on the four core areas of the cross-sector alignment framework. Accordingly, this study is based on two guiding questions: (1) how are collaboratives currently implementing systems in the four core areas identified in the framework, and (2) what strategies does the literature offer for creating sustainable systems in these four areas? Given the emergent nature of research on health-oriented cross-sector collaboration and the broad research questions, we conducted a systematic scoping review including 179 relevant research papers and reports published internationally from the years 2010–2020. We identified the main contributions and coded each based on its relevance to the cross-sector alignment framework. We found that most papers focused on programme evaluations rather than theory testing, and while many strategies were offered, they tended to reflect a focus on short-term collaboration. The results also demonstrate that starting points and resource levels vary widely across individuals and organisations involved in collaborations. Accordingly, identifying and comparing distinct pathways by which different parties might pursue cross-sector alignment is an imperative for future work. More broadly, the literature is ripe with observations that could be assessed systematically to produce a firm foundation for research and practic

FROM TRADITIONAL ACCOUNTING TO KNOWLEDGE BASED ACCOUNTING ORGANIZATIONS

Nowadays, we may observe that the rules of traditional economy have changed. The new economy – the knowledge based economy determine also major change in organizations resources, structure, strategic objectives, departments, accounting, goods. In our research we want to underline how the accounting rules, regulations and paradigms have changed to cope with political, economic and social challenges, as well as to the emergence of knowledge based organization. We also try to find out where Romanian accounting is on the hard road of evolution from traditional to knowledge based

PRINT MEDIA AND ELECTORAL PROCESS IN NIGERIA

Elections in many developing countries such as Nigeria remain complex and cannot be handled solely by the government, as a vibrant print media is part of this exercise. Unfortunately, the Nigerian electoral process cannot be said to enjoy free, fair, and credible elections. Research design for the study was descriptive research, which combined both qualitative and quantitative methods. The sample was divided into two categories of a total of eight hundred and twenty (820) questionnaire respondents and sixteen (16) key respondents and interviewees from the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja and Lagos State, being the hub of media establishments and highly cosmopolitan locations in Nigeria. The study used survey, interview, and observation methods of data collection. Quantitative analysis was done using responses elicited from structured questionnaires. Content analysis of qualitative data was carried out on the selected 10 print media publications based on national spread. Findings showed that the print media contributed to creating better perception of the nation’s electoral process by international observers (Mean = 3.9497, St.D = 2.20417), the print media embarked upon improper reportage, selective coverage and failed to report actual happenings during elections because of undue influence by politicians and proprietors media establishments, thereby misinforming the people. The study concluded that the print media is important for smooth electoral process during the period of the study (1999-2019), despite challenges such as inadequate funding, and non-adherence to professional ethics by some print media journalists