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Ethics and Design in the Brazilian Context
Often driven by practical and immediate requirements, more and more people are incorporating technology into a variety of aspects of their lives, often without reflecting on the consequences of using them. On the other hand, studies on interactive system development that lead to behavioral change have been gaining ground on the agenda of large HCI conferences. This movement brings to the forefront the fundamental issues of ethics in design and technology use. A designerâs intentions, when directing certain actions or behaviors, are not always explicit or desired by the stakeholders affected by the use of the technology. Systems that induce an undesired purchase, or even those that use conditioning strategies to cause a behavioral change are examples of such intentions. The challenge proposed is therefore about the relationship between design and personal freedom in a way that these technology users do not become victims, either passively or submissively, of the effects of its use. This advance allows for the redefinition of the relationship between man and technology, and the application of new forms of designing and developing interactive systems that take into account the ethical aspects of this relationship
Comparative analysis of national approaches on voluntary copyright relinquishment
The report considers first the question of how copyright is justified, as this may have some bearing on whether a country will allow an author to make a voluntary statement leading to the expiration of his/her rights. Copyright can variously be described as a natural right, as a reward for creators, as a stimulus for creativity, as a property right, as an economic reward and as part of the public interest. Two justifications are explored, the moral and the utilitarian. The moral justification places the existence of intellectual property as a natural result of the right of the creator to anything he or she produces. The moral element of copyright has given way to the economic one, but the existence of moral rights, particularly important in civil law jurisdictions, continues to strongly represent the elements of copyright as a personality right
MPEG-SCORM : ontologia de metadados interoperĂĄveis para integração de padrĂ”es multimĂdia e e-learning
Orientador: Yuzo IanoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia ElĂ©trica e de ComputaçãoResumo: A convergĂȘncia entre as mĂdias digitais propĂ”e uma integração entre as TIC, focadas no domĂnio do multimĂdia (sob a responsabilidade do Moving Picture Experts Group, constituindo o subcomitĂȘ ISO / IEC JTC1 SC29), e as TICE, (TIC para a Educação, geridas pelo ISO / IEC JTC1 SC36), destacando-se os padrĂ”es MPEG, empregados na forma de conteĂșdo e metadados para o multimĂdia, e as TICE, aplicadas Ă Educação a DistĂąncia, ou e-Learning (o aprendizado eletrĂŽnico). Neste sentido, coloca-se a problemĂĄtica de desenvolver uma correspondĂȘncia interoperĂĄvel de bases normativas, atingindo assim uma proposta inovadora na convergĂȘncia entre as mĂdias digitais e as aplicaçÔes para e-Learning, essencialmente multimĂdia. Para este fim, propĂ”e-se criar e aplicar uma ontologia de metadados interoperĂĄveis para web, TV digital e extensĂ”es para dispositivos mĂłveis, baseada na integração entre os padrĂ”es de metadados MPEG-21 e SCORM, empregando a linguagem XPathAbstract: The convergence of digital media offers an integration of the ICT, focused on telecommunications and multimedia domain (under responsibility of the Moving Picture Experts Group, ISO/IEC JTC1 SC29), with the ICTE (the ICT for Education, managed by the ISO/IEC JTC1 SC36), highlighting the MPEG formats, featured as content and as description metadata potentially applied to the Multimedia or Digital TV and as a technology applied to e-Learning. Regarding this, it is presented the problem of developing an interoperable matching for normative bases, achieving an innovative proposal in the convergence between digital Telecommunications and applications for e-Learning, both essentially multimedia. To achieve this purpose, it is proposed to creating a ontology for interoperability between educational applications in Digital TV environments and vice-versa, simultaneously facilitating the creation of learning metadata based objects for Digital TV programs as well as providing multimedia video content as learning objects for Distance Education. This ontology is designed as interoperable metadata for the Web, Digital TV and e-Learning, built on the integration between MPEG-21 and SCORM metadata standards, employing the XPath languageDoutoradoTelecomunicaçÔes e TelemĂĄticaDoutor em Engenharia ElĂ©tricaCAPE
Modeling the Dashboard Provenance
Organizations of all kinds, whether public or private, profit-driven or
non-profit, and across various industries and sectors, rely on dashboards for
effective data visualization. However, the reliability and efficacy of these
dashboards rely on the quality of the visual and data they present. Studies
show that less than a quarter of dashboards provide information about their
sources, which is just one of the expected metadata when provenance is
seriously considered. Provenance is a record that describes people,
organizations, entities, and activities that had a role in the production,
influence, or delivery of a piece of data or an object. This paper aims to
provide a provenance representation model, that entitles standardization,
modeling, generation, capture, and visualization, specifically designed for
dashboards and its visual and data components. The proposed model will offer a
comprehensive set of essential provenance metadata that enables users to
evaluate the quality, consistency, and reliability of the information presented
on dashboards. This will allow a clear and precise understanding of the context
in which a specific dashboard was developed, ultimately leading to better
decision-making.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, one table, to be published in VIS 2023 (Vis +
Prov) x Domai
Challenges, Patterns and Sustainability Indicators for Cloud Computing / Desafios, padrÔes e indicadores de sustentabilidade para computação em nuvem
Cloud computing has reshaped the way companies use computing. The delivery of everything as a service, which is the basis of this technology, allows the use of software, platforms, infrastructures, databases, etc. via remote connection. Due to its applicability, many organizations consider deploying their private cloud infrastructures to avoid relying on service providers. However, countless factors interfere negatively in this process, especially when we consider questions related to sustainability. This article presents the main challenges and concerns faced by companies that aim to migrate to cloud computing. A series of standards and indicators are listed which can serve as a basis for companies to achieve/contribute to environmental sustainability. The data presented is the result of an extension of a systematic literature review and much research on the mentioned topic
Assisting Forensic Identification through Unsupervised Information Extraction of Free Text Autopsy Reports: The Disappearances Cases during the Brazilian Military Dictatorship
Anthropological, archaeological, and forensic studies situate enforced disappearance as a strategy associated with the Brazilian military dictatorship (1964â1985), leaving hundreds of persons without identity or cause of death identified. Their forensic reports are the only existing clue for people identification and detection of possible crimes associated with them. The exchange of information among institutions about the identities of disappeared people was not a common practice. Thus, their analysis requires unsupervised techniques, mainly due to the fact that their contextual annotation is extremely time-consuming, difficult to obtain, and with high dependence on the annotator. The use of these techniques allows researchers to assist in the identification and analysis in four areas: Common causes of death, relevant body locations, personal belongings terminology, and correlations between actors such as doctors and police officers involved in the disappearances. This paper analyzes almost 3000 textual reports of missing persons in SĂŁo Paulo city during the Brazilian dictatorship through unsupervised algorithms of information extraction in Portuguese, identifying named entities and relevant terminology associated with these four criteria. The analysis allowed us to observe terminological patterns relevant for people identification (e.g., presence of rings or similar personal belongings) and automate the study of correlations between actors. The proposed system acts as a first classificatory and indexing middleware of the reports and represents a feasible system that can assist researchers working in pattern search among autopsy reportsThis research was partially funded by Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and 5 Competitiveness under its Competitive Juan de la Cierva Postdoctoral Research Programme, grant FJCI-2016-6 28032 and from the European Union, through the Marie SkĆodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network âCHEurope: Critical Heritage Studies and the Future of Europeâ H2020 Marie SkĆodowska-Curie Actions, grant 722416S
Process Models and Distribution of Work in Offshoring Application Software Development
Common process models for the development of application software (AS) are examined as to how well they are suited for offshoring projects. The need for communication and interaction among onsite and offshore project stakeholders is identified as a critical success factor. Process models used by organizations providing offshoring services are discussed, and a generalized offshoring life cycle model is developed. A specific focus is set on the distribution of work between the organization that outsources AS development and the offshore organization that carries out the major share of the development work. Problems and challenges that have to be faced, making offshoring a difficult task, are discussed. --
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