184 research outputs found
Accelerating the update of knowledge base instances by detecting vital information from a document stream
International audienceIn this paper we aim at filtering documents containing timely relevant information about an entity (e.g., a person, a place, an organization) from a document stream. These documents that we call vital documents provide relevant and fresh information about the entity. The approach we propose leverages the temporal information reflected by the temporal expressions in the document in order to infer its vitality. Experiments carried out on the 2013 TREC Knowledge Base Acceleration (KBA) collection show the effectiveness of our approach compared to state-of-the-art ones
A theoretical and practical approach to a persuasive agent model for change behaviour in oral care and hygiene
There is an increased use of the persuasive agent in behaviour change interventions due to the agentâs features of sociable, reactive, autonomy, and proactive. However, many interventions have been unsuccessful, particularly in the domain of oral care. The psychological reactance has been identified as one of the major reasons for these
unsuccessful behaviour change interventions. This study proposes a formal persuasive agent model that leads to psychological reactance reduction in order to achieve an improved behaviour change intervention in oral care and hygiene. Agent-based
simulation methodology is adopted for the development of the proposed model. Evaluation of the model was conducted in two phases that include verification and validation. The verification process involves simulation trace and stability analysis. On the other hand, the validation was carried out using user-centred approach by developing an agent-based application based on belief-desire-intention architecture. This study
contributes an agent model which is made up of interrelated cognitive and behavioural factors. Furthermore, the simulation traces provide some insights on the interactions among the identified factors in order to comprehend their roles in behaviour change intervention. The simulation result showed that as time increases, the psychological reactance decreases towards zero. Similarly, the model validation result showed that the percentage of respondentsâ who experienced psychological reactance towards behaviour
change in oral care and hygiene was reduced from 100 percent to 3 percent. The contribution made in this thesis would enable agent application and behaviour change intervention designers to make scientific reasoning and predictions. Likewise, it provides a guideline for software designers on the development of agent-based applications that
may not have psychological reactance
Inferring user interests in microblogging social networks: a survey
With the growing popularity of microblogging services such as Twitter in recent years,
an increasing number of users are using these services in their daily lives. The huge volume of information generated by users raises new opportunities in various applications
and areas. Inferring user interests plays a significant role in providing personalized
recommendations on microblogging services, and also on third-party applications
providing social logins via these services, especially in cold-start situations. In this
survey, we review user modeling strategies with respect to inferring user interests
from previous studies. To this end, we focus on four dimensions of inferring user
interest profiles: (1) data collection, (2) representation of user interest profiles, (3)
construction and enhancement of user interest profiles, and (4) the evaluation of the
constructed profiles. Through this survey, we aim to provide an overview of state-of-the-art user modeling strategies for inferring user interest profiles on microblogging
social networks with respect to the four dimensions. For each dimension, we review
and summarize previous studies based on specified criteria. Finally, we discuss some
challenges and opportunities for future work in this research domain
Providing effective visualizations over big linked data
The number and the size of Linked Data sources are constantly increasing. In some lucky case, the data source is equipped with a tool that guides and helps the user during the exploration of the data, but in most cases, the data are published as an RDF dump through a SPARQL endpoint that can be accessed only through SPARQL queries. Although the RDF format was designed to be processed by machines, there is a strong need for visualization and exploration tools. Data visualizations make big and small linked data easier for the human brain to understand, and visualization also makes it easier to detect patterns, trends, and outliers in groups of data. For this reason, we developed a tool called H-BOLD (Highlevel Visualization over Big Linked Open Data). H-BOLD aims to help the user exploring the content of a Linked Data by providing a high-level view of the structure of the dataset and an interactive exploration that allows users to focus on the connections and attributes of one or more classes. Moreover, it provides a visual interface for querying the endpoint that automatically generates SPARQL queries
User Modeling and User Profiling: A Comprehensive Survey
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into daily life, particularly
through information retrieval and recommender systems, has necessitated
advanced user modeling and profiling techniques to deliver personalized
experiences. These techniques aim to construct accurate user representations
based on the rich amounts of data generated through interactions with these
systems. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the current state,
evolution, and future directions of user modeling and profiling research. We
provide a historical overview, tracing the development from early stereotype
models to the latest deep learning techniques, and propose a novel taxonomy
that encompasses all active topics in this research area, including recent
trends. Our survey highlights the paradigm shifts towards more sophisticated
user profiling methods, emphasizing implicit data collection, multi-behavior
modeling, and the integration of graph data structures. We also address the
critical need for privacy-preserving techniques and the push towards
explainability and fairness in user modeling approaches. By examining the
definitions of core terminology, we aim to clarify ambiguities and foster a
clearer understanding of the field by proposing two novel encyclopedic
definitions of the main terms. Furthermore, we explore the application of user
modeling in various domains, such as fake news detection, cybersecurity, and
personalized education. This survey serves as a comprehensive resource for
researchers and practitioners, offering insights into the evolution of user
modeling and profiling and guiding the development of more personalized,
ethical, and effective AI systems.Comment: 71 page
Context-based multi-agent recommender system, supported on IoT, for guiding the occupants of a building in case of a fire
The evacuation of buildings in case of fire is a sensitive issue for civil society that also
motivates the academic community to develop and study solutions to improve the efficiency of
evacuating these spaces. The study of human behavior in fire emergencies has been one of the areas
that have deserved the attention of researchers. However, this modeling of human behavior is difficult
and complex because it depends on factors that are difficult to know and that vary from country
to country. In this paper, a paradigm shift is proposed which, instead of focusing on modeling the
behavior of occupants, focuses on conditioning this behavior by providing real-time information on
the most efficient evacuation routes. Making this information available to occupants is possible with
a solution that takes advantage of the growing use of the IoT (Internet of Things) in buildings to help
occupants adapt to the environment. Supported by the IoT, multi-agent recommender systems can
help users to adapt to the environment and provide the occupants with the most efficient evacuation
routes. This paradigm shift is achieved through a context-based multi-agent recommender system
based on contextual data obtained from IoT devices, which recommends the most efficient evacuation
routes at any given time. The obtained results suggest that the proposed solution can improve the
efficiency of evacuating buildings in the event of a fire; for a scenario with two hundred people
following the system recommendations, the time they take to reach a safe place decreases by 17.7%.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Argumentation for Knowledge Representation, Conflict Resolution, Defeasible Inference and Its Integration with Machine Learning
Modern machine Learning is devoted to the construction of algorithms and computational procedures that can automatically improve with experience and learn from data. Defeasible argumentation has emerged as sub-topic of artificial intelligence aimed at formalising common-sense qualitative reasoning. The former is an inductive approach for inference while the latter is deductive, each one having advantages and limitations. A great challenge for theoretical and applied research in AI is their integration. The first aim of this chapter is to provide readers informally with the basic notions of defeasible and non-monotonic reasoning. It then describes argumentation theory, a paradigm for implementing defeasible reasoning in practice as well as the common multi-layer schema upon which argument-based systems are usually built. The second aim is to describe a selection of argument-based applications in the medical and health-care sectors, informed by the multi-layer schema. A summary of the features that emerge from the applications under review is aimed at showing why defeasible argumentation is attractive for knowledge-representation, conflict resolution and inference under uncertainty. Open problems and challenges in the field of argumentation are subsequently described followed by a future outlook in which three points of integration with machine learning are proposed
Augmented and virtual reality evolution and future tendency
Augmented reality and virtual reality technologies are increasing in popularity. Augmented reality has thrived to date mainly on mobile applications, with games like PokĂ©mon Go or the new Google Maps utility as some of its ambassadors. On the other hand, virtual reality has been popularized mainly thanks to the videogame industry and cheaper devices. However, what was initially a failure in the industrial field is resurfacing in recent years thanks to the technological improvements in devices and processing hardware. In this work, an in-depth study of the different fields in which augmented and virtual reality have been used has been carried out. This study focuses on conducting a thorough scoping review focused on these new technologies, where the evolution of each of them during the last years in the most important categories and in the countries most involved in these technologies will be analyzed. Finally, we will analyze the future trend of these technologies and the areas in which it is necessary to investigate to further integrate these technologies into society.Universidad de Sevilla, Spain Telefonica Chair âIntelligence in Networks
Assessment of Mental Workload: a Comparison of Machine Learning Methods and Subjective Assessment Techniques
Mental workload (MWL) measurement is a complex multidisciplinary research field. In the last 50 years of research endeavour, MWL measurement has mainly produced theory-driven models. Some of the reasons for justifying this trend includes the omnipresent uncertainty about how to define the construct of MWL and the limited use of datadriven research methodologies. This work presents novel research focused on the investigation of the capability of a selection of supervised Machine Learning (ML) classification techniques to produce data-driven computational models of MWL for the prediction of objective performance. These are then compared to two state-of-the-art subjective techniques for the assessment of MWL, namely the NASA Task Load Index and the Workload Profile, through an analysis of their concurrent and convergent validity. Findings show that the data-driven models generally tend to outperform the two baseline selected techniques
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