A proposed model for green practice adoption and implementation in information technology based organizations

Green Information technology system offers opportunity for IT based organizations to act proactively in terms of environmental preservation as well as to mitigate effects of global climate change and other environmental problems. Green Information technology system adoption and implementation is a plausible attempt for IT based organizations to resolve the current environmental issues and also enhance their economic performance and possible social benefits. Currently several models and frameworks have been developed to address sustainability in various research domain. However, there are few models that can support decision making of practitioners in adopting and implementing sustainable practices in IT based organization. Therefore there is need to develop a model to assist practitioners adopt and implement sustainable practices. The proposed model comprises of Green variables, Green process and a hybrid technique of software agents and case bases reasoning. Findings from this paper shows the model variables, process, techniques applied and derived prepositions. Ongoing work involves adopting a mixed research (case study and survey) to verify the model variables, process and validate the model prepositions

Propozycja modelu określania i wprowadzania Zielonych Praktyk w przedsiębiorstwach wykorzystujących technologie informatyczne

Green Information technology system offers opportunity for IT based organizations to act proactively in terms of environmental preservation as well as to mitigate effects of global climate change and other environmental problems. Green Information technology system adoption and implementation is a plausible attempt for IT based organizations to resolve the current environmental issues and also enhance their economic performance and possible social benefits. Currently several models and frameworks have been developed to address sustainability in various research domain. However, there are few models that can support decision making of practitioners in adopting and implementing sustainable practices in IT based organization. Therefore there is need to develop a model to assist practitioners adopt and implement sustainable practices. The proposed model comprises of Green variables, Green process and a hybrid technique of software agents and case bases reasoning. Findings from this paper shows the model variables, process, techniques applied and derived prepositions. Ongoing work involves adopting a mixed research (case study and survey) to verify the model variables, process and validate the model prepositions.Zielone technologie informatyczne ułatwiają firmom wykorzystującym technologie informatyczne (IT) podejmowanie działań na rzecz ochrony środowiska, a także tych prowadzących do zmniejszenia skali zagrożeń związanych ze zmianami klimatycznymi i innymi współczesnymi wyzwaniami ekologicznymi. Wdrażanie zielonych technologii informatycznych stanowi właściwe podejście dla firm IT nie tylko z uwagi na możliwość rozwiązywania bieżących problemów środowiskowych, ale także zwiększenia efektywności ekonomicznej i możliwych korzyści społecznych. Obecnie rozwija się wiele modeli odnoszących się do różnych aspektów zrównoważoności, jednak tylko nieliczne z nich nadają się do wykorzystania w procesie decyzyjnym firm IT. Z tej przyczyny istnieje potrzeba opracowania takiego modelu, wspierającego wprowadzanie zrównoważonych praktyk na tym poziomie. Zaproponowany model uwzględnia Zielone zmienne, Zielone procesy i połączenie techniki programowania agentowego z wnioskowaniem w oparciu o studium przypadku (CBR). Dzięki przyjęciu rozszerzonego podejścia (studium przypadku, ankieta) możliwa jest weryfikacja zmiennych modelu, procesów i potwierdzenie przyjętych założeń

The ‘credibility paradox’ in China’s science communication: Views from scientific practitioners

In contrast to increasing debates on China’s rising status as a global scientific power, issues of China’s science communication remain under-explored. Based on 21 in-depth interviews in three cities, this article examines Chinese scientists’ accounts of the entangled web of influence which conditions the process of how scientific knowledge achieves (or fails to achieve) its civic authority. A main finding of this study is a ‘credibility paradox’ as a result of the over-politicisation of science and science communication in China. Respondents report that an absence of visible institutional endorsements renders them more public credibility and better communication outcomes. Thus, instead of exploiting formal channels of science communication, scientists interviewed were more keen to act as ‘informal risk communicators’ in grassroots and private events. Chinese scientists’ perspectives on how to earn public support of their research sheds light on the nature and impact of a ‘civic epistemology’ in an authoritarian state

Green Information Technology as Administrative innovation - Organizational factors for successful implementation: Literature Review

There is a considerable amount of awareness of environmental issues and corporate responsibility for sustainability. As such, from a technological viewpoint, Green IT has become an important topic in contemporary organizations. Consequently, organisations are expected to be innovative in their business practices to become more sustainable. Yet, the popularity and adoption of such initiatives amongst employees remain low. Furthermore, the management practices for adhering to Green IT are largely dormant, lacking active incentives for employees to engage in Green IT initiatives. This study observes the phenomenon of Green IT through administrative innovation. In doing so this paper performs a comprehensive analysis of 137 papers published between 2007 and 2015. The paper reveals organizational factors for successful implementation of Green IT as administrative innovation that can be useful to both academia and practice

Investigating the Decentralized Governance of Distributed Ledger Infrastructure Implementation in Extended Enterprises

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The Interplay of IT Governance Mechanisms, Value and Performance: The Case of Cloud Computing Investment

Background: Digital acceleration coupled with unprecedented work disruption (e.g., a Pandemic) have amplified the need for mature IT governance practices to generate planned value from organizations\u27 digital investments. Although the pairwise relationship between mature governance practices, value derived from IT investments, and organizational performance have been examined previously, all three have rarely been simultaneously investigated. Therefore, this paper examines the role of value in the relationship between IT governance mechanisms and organizational performance. Method: A research model that comprehensively conceptualizes the governance mechanism construct is developed and validated. The model is examined using data collected from 250 United States organizations that have invested in cloud computing for over a year. Results: The results reveal that the value generated from an IT investment is germane to understanding the relationship between governance mechanisms and organizational performance. Specifically, the result explains that governance mechanisms help improve organizational performance through cost reduction in IT services, create agility through flexibility in technology service, strengthen IT security and privacy, and effectively redirect IT resources. The results show the more critical role of the relational mechanism and practices related to IT security and privacy in the cloud computing context. Conclusion: The study contributes to IS literature by providing a more unified conceptualization of governance mechanisms and theoretically establishing the importance of governance in effectively governing cloud computing. By providing a guideline to help organizations achieve more value from cloud computing, the study provides implications for practice. The findings empirically show the relational mechanism has the most critical role in creating value from cloud computing. The governance practices help bridge the gap between business and IT, gradual transformative change in the roles and responsibilities, control cloud expenses, security and privacy risks. The findings show that competency is more likely to be achieved from cloud computing investment

LEVERAGING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY TO REVAMP THE VEHICLE ELECTRIFICATION JOURNEY: PERSPECTIVES OF ACCOUNTABILITY AND ECONOMIC CIRCULARITY

The automotive industry is undergoing a significant transition accelerated by global emission regulations for a phase out of internal combustion engines (ICEs) and a transition toward the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). While regulatory measures and incentivized adoption for EVs presents opportunities for reducing emissions and promoting sustainability, it also poses complex challenges. The EV industry faces potential production challenges, particularly in the sourcing, manufacturing, and lifecycle management of critical minerals and raw materials for electric vehicle batteries (EVBs). With a heavy reliance on a steady and diversified supply of critical minerals such as lithium, cobalt and rare earth elements, the finite nature of mineral resources poses long-term challenges for EV stakeholders. The recent measures instituted by government regulations do recognize the need for EV stakeholder accountability, requiring substantiated evidentiary proof by way of data collection and analysis mandating resource recapture and reintroduction into circularity, environmental benefits, and real-time data availability. By implementing clear end-of-life requirements such as collection targets, material recovery goals, and extended producer responsibility, EV producers are held responsible for managing the entire lifecycle of electric vehicle batteries (EVBs). Government regulations are aimed at bolstering sustainability standards, and a high degree of accountability for all battery products, showing a clear shift towards circular economic standards. This culminating experience project explores the role of collaborative initiatives and innovative technological frameworks, particularly, blockchain, smart contracts, and Nash equilibrium game theory, in addressing sustainability challenges within the EV ecosystem. The research questions are: (RQ1) How does the strategic application of blockchain technology within a circular economic framework facilitate cooperation among stakeholders in the EV industry, leading to improved oversight, enhanced accountability, and guided decision-making? (RQ2) How can the implementation of private-permissioned blockchain technology, particularly through smart contracts, be strategically employed to enhance transparency, traceability, and sustainability throughout the lifecycle of electric vehicles, within the broader context of the EV ecosystem? (RQ3) Why should EV industry stakeholders engage in a consortium, that is driven by blockchain technology, smart contracts, Nash Equilibrium game theory, and what are the potential effects? The findings for each question are: (Q1) The partnership among RCS, IBM, Ford, exemplified how integrating blockchain into a circular economic framework can establish oversight, ensure accountability, and enable informed decision-making with traceable and transparent data circularity. Ford notably improved its cobalt due diligent management system, marked by a notable forty-six percentage point within one year, demonstrating its commitment to responsible sourcing and regulatory compliance. (Q2) Private-permissioned blockchain networks, especially with smart contracts, automate performance obligations, without an intermediary interaction, strengthening self-governance within a decentralized network. The consensus mechanism, integral to blockchain architecture, enhances accountability among EV stakeholders by validating and authenticating transactions. Opting for a consensus algorithm, emphasizing participant reputation over computational power, reduces reliance on resources while maintaining network integrity. (Q3) EV stakeholders and their tier-1 suppliers, in a consortium, are incentivized to uphold their reputation and branding through adherence to ethical and sustainable practices facilitated in a blockchain network. By doing so, they contribute to the overall stability of the industry and the circular economic framework, as mutual benefits are maximized, unilateral deviations are discouraged, and collaborative dynamics are fostered. The conclusions are: (Q1) EV producers involved in circular economic initiatives can be perceived as collaborative partners that prioritize collective success over individual gain, fostering positive brand associations with teamwork and partnership. (Q2) By aligning incentives, fostering collaboration, and leveraging data-driven insights, EV producers and their suppliers can optimize resource use, minimize waste, and contribute to the transition towards a more sustainable economic model. (Q3) By adhering to ethical and sustainable practices the equilibrium ensures that EV stakeholders maintain trust and credibility, promoting a sustainable ecosystem for the EV industry within the circular economy

An investigation of IT governance practices in SMEs in South Africa

Includes bibliographical references.The importance of Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and Information Technology (IT) is widely acknowledged. Various government initiatives leverage both for socio-economic development and national growth. However, SMEs are characterised by lack of resources, which hamper IT value delivery. IT governance is a mechanism for maximizing IT value and has the potential for alleviating the barriers to IT use in SMEs. Notwithstanding its benefits, empirical evidence on IT governance in 5MBs is scant. The purpose of this research is to contribute to knowledge in this field. The literature suggests that IT governance and SMEs should be investigated from managerial, organizational and external perspectives. This research examined the impact of selected managerial, organisational and external characteristics of SMEs on IT governance practices and the relationship between such practices and IT value. Data was collected in a survey involving firms in the IT, finance, transport and retail sectors in three provinces in South Africa

Agile-as-a-tool and agile-as-a-culture: a comprehensive review of agile approaches adopting contingency and configuration theories

Today’s world requires new approaches to innovation that leverage continuous test- ing and pivoting. Speed and the ability to respond to exogenous shocks are becoming increasingly important in both theory and practice. Following the introduction of the Agile Manifesto in 2001, a wide range of industries have adopted agile approaches, which differ from other ways of managing innovation projects by promoting flex- ibility and the rapid development of new solutions. Despite the proliferation of agile approaches across industries, the literature lacks a systematic understanding of their underlying elements. Therefore, we conduct a systematic literature review using a text mining technique to longitudinally explore the evolutionary dynamics of the field. Analyzing the results through the dichotomous lens of contingency and con- figuration theories, we show that the agile literature can be systematized into two perspectives: agile-as-a-tool in the contingency perspective, and agile-as-a-culture in the configuration perspective. Our review reveals underexplored intersections in the field of innovation and provides interesting insights into these two perspectives. We also propose a research agenda to shed light on these emerging perspectives in the agile innovation and management literature

Managing successful buyer-supplier relationships : Aligning the enabling roles of governance structure

Tämän väitöskirjan tarkoituksena on tutkia transaktiokustannusteoriaan ja sosiaalisen vaihdannan teoriaan perustuvia hallintamallien konsepteja menestyksekkäiden toimittajasuhteiden johtamisessa. Väitöskirjassa käytetään useita tutkimusmetodeja, kuten kirjallisuus-katsaus, laadulliset ja määrälliset tutkimusmetodit, joiden avulla päästään tutkimuksen tavoitteisiin viidellä tiedeartikkelilla. Laadullinen tieto kerättiin osittain strukturoiduissa haastatteluissa kansainvälisiltä case-yrityksiltä. Määrällinen tieto kerättiin kyselyiden avulla 170 pieneltä ja keskisuurelta yritykseltä. Tutkimuksen tulosten mukaan yhteistyökumppaneiden yhdenmukaisessa hallintamallissa, joka sisältää tavat organisoida kumppaneiden yhteistyötä, on tärkeää kehittää ostaja-toimittajasuhteiden suorituskykyä, koska se pienentää kustannusriskiä ja konflikteja. Toimittajien kehitysprosessi lisää luottamusta yritysten välillä, mikä kannustaa toimittajaa reagoimaan ostajan tarpeisiin. Yritykset haluavat osallistua investoimalla transaktiospesifisiin resursseihin, jolloin vaihtokustannus on suurempi. Yritysjohdon on analy¬soitava ja käytettävä sopivimpia suhteiden hallintamalleja, saman¬aikaisesti tai vaihtoehtoisesti, jotta saavutetaan pitkäaikaisia kustannus- ja suhde-etuja. Kattava tutkimusviitekehys selittää, kuinka yrityksen johto voi suunnitella tehokkaita ostaja-toimittajasuhteiden hallintamalleja, jotka perustuvat tutkimuksen tuloksiin ja löydöksiin.Based on transaction cost economics (TCE) and social exchange theory (SET), this dissertation aims to explore and investigate the determinants of governance structure and align their enabling roles in managing successful buyer-supplier relationships. By employing a mixed method approach as its research methodology, this dissertation attempts to achieve the research objectives by formulating five articles, approached through a systematic literature review, as well as qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews from MNEs, whereas quantitative data were collected through survey questionnaires involving 170 SMEs. The results of the study suggest that an aligned governance structure, i.e., an approach to organizing and regulating the conduct of relationship partners, is crucial in order to improve firm performance because it can minimize the operational hazards of ex-post transaction costs as well as inter-firm conflicts. While supplier development processes enhance the level of confidence between firms that encourage suppliers’ response to buyers’ needs. Firms are eager to become directly involved in investing transaction-specific resources that have a lower alternative value. Further, based on relationship objectives, managers need to analyse and employ the most appropriate relationship governance mechanisms, whether simultaneously and/or alternatively, in order to achieve long-term cost as well as relationship performance. The comprehensive research framework explains how managers can craft effective buyer-supplier governance arrangements based on synthesized results and findings.fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed