A Case of Santorinicele without Pancreas Divisum: Diagnosis with Multi-detector Row Computed Tomography

A santorinicele is defined as a focal cystic dilatation of the terminal portion of the dorsal pancreatic duct at the minor papilla. Most cases reported previously were associated with pancreas divisum and a santorinicele without pancreas divisum is known to be rare. We recently experienced a typical case of a santorinicele without pancreas divisum in a 67-yr-old woman with abdominal pain and hematochezia, subsequently proven to be the result of an ischemic colitis. The santorinicele was diagnosed incidentally with multi-detector row computed tomography using a minimum intensity projection technique, which clearly showed a cystic dilatation of the terminal portion of the dorsal pancreatic duct and a communication between the ventral and dorsal pancreatic ducts. This finding was also confirmed by a magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography

A Bile Based Study of Clonorchis sinensis Infections in Patients with Biliary Tract Diseases in Ulsan, Korea

Stool examination is believed to be the most reliable method for detecting Clonorchis sinensis (CS) eggs. However, it has limited value for diagnosing clonorchiasis when the biliary tract is obstructed or when there is a light infection. We evaluated the infection states of CS in patients with biliary tract diseases using a bile sample. From January 2001 to August 2003, 238 patients who had undergone endoscopic biliary drainage were prospectively included in the study. The patients' bile samples were obtained directly from the nasobiliary drainage tube and then analyzed to detect CS eggs. The overall CS egg positive rate was 28.2% (35.4% in males, 19.4% in females). The egg positive rate was similar in all age groups examined: 26.7% in 30-39 years, 25.0% in 40-49 years, 24.4% in 50-59 years, 30.2% in 60-69 years, 35.3% in 70-79 years, and 25.0% in 80 years of age and over. There were no significant differences in the egg positive rate between the disease groups: 32.6% in bile duct cancer, 38.5% in gallbladder cancer, and 26.4% in gallstone diseases. Our results show that the CS infection rate was very high, regardless of the age, gender, and type of diseases of the patients. Although the study population was limited to patients with biliary tract diseases, it is assumed that clonorchiasis is still an endemic disease in Ulsan, Korea

Duodenal Duplicated Cyst Manifested by Acute Pancreatitis and Obstructive Jaundice in an Elderly Man

A duodenal duplication cyst is an uncommon congenital anomaly that is usually encountered during infancy or in early childhood. Duodenal duplication cysts generally appear on the first or second portion of the duodenum and may cause duodenal obstruction, hemorrhage or pancreatitis. Here, we report a case of a duodenal duplication cyst on the second and third portion of the duodenum in an old aged man with obstructive jaundice and acute pancreatitis, which was treated successfully by a surgical excision

Synthesis report of workshop on assessing the impact of policy-oriented social science research in Scheveningen, The Netherlands, November 12-13 2001

Economists have engaged for some time in developing methodologies for assessing the economic impact of agricultural research and in undertaking empirical studies to measure this impact. In recent years, they have documented more than 1,800 estimates of rates of return to agricultural research. Economists have paid little attention, however, to how to evaluate the impact of social science research. A symposium conducted by IFPRI in 1997 was one of the first attempts to address this knowledge gap. In November 2001, the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs and IFPRI brought together a group of researchers to follow up on the earlier symposium. Their conclusions fell into two broad categories: how to measure or value the economic impact of policy-oriented social science research and how to enhance the effectiveness of such research in policymaking environments. A number of lessons emerged from the workshop for donors, governments, and researchers about how to enhance the effectiveness of policy-oriented social science research....Because much remains to be learned about evaluating the impact of policy-oriented social science research, the workshop participants concluded that IFPRI should take the lead in developing a consortium to help improve interdisciplinary methods of assessing impact. The consortium would consist of institutions, donors, and individuals and would work in partnership with developing countries. Institutions could learn from each other about best practices and in the process exploit synergies, thereby increasing effectiveness and reducing the costs of what is an expensive undertaking.Agricultural research Economic aspects. ,Evaluation. ,Rate of return. ,Social sciences Research Evaluation. ,Research Economic aspects Congresses. ,

A Case of Stump MALT Lymphoma after Partial Gastrectomy

Gastrectomy is known to be a risk factor for adenocarcinoma in remnant stomach. It is suggested that reflux of bile juice or duodenal secretion to remnant stomach induces atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric adenocarcinoma. Malignant lymphoma in remnant stomach after gastrectomy is very rare. Only about thirty cases are reported in the world, and there is no case report in Korea. Gastric MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) lymphoma is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection but the mechanism of lymphoma development in remnant stomach is still unknown. We report a case of low grade gastric MALT lymphoma of gastric stump after 10 years from partial gastrectomy.ope

A Case of Idiopathic Colitis Developed after Barium Enema

It has been reported that colitis may be associated with intrarectally administered drugs or chemicals. Colonotoxicity may results from conventional medical therapy, herbal or other illicit drugs, contrast materials, and detergents. Clues that a colitis may be due to an intrarectally administered agent include perianal excoriation, segmental distal colitis due to a concentration gradient from enema administration, and recent diagnostic or therapeutic administration of high risk solutions such as hypertonic contrast agents or detergent enemas. Barium is a highly viscous contrast agent that is insoluble in water. Barium enemas are usually very safe. Also, no case report of barium- induced chemical colitis has been reported yet. We report a case of chemical colitis with colonic stricture occurring after the barium enema for diagnostic purpose.ope

Risk of Postoperative Infection in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Background/Aims: The clinical course of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently leads to the use of immunosuppressants and immunomodulators. We investigated the risk of postoperative infection in patients with IBD undergoing elective bowel surgery and whether the use of corticosteroid (CS) and/or 6-mercaptopurine/azathioprine (6-MP/AZA) before surgery was associated with the increased risk of postoperative infection. Methods: Patients who were diagnosed as Crohn`s disease (n=25) or ulcerative colitis (n=19) and underwent elective bowel surgery between 1986 and 2005 were identified. Medical records were retrospectively analyzed including age, sex, duration of disease, indication for surgery, duration of surgery, type of surgery, type of postoperative infection, admission period, usage of CS and 6-MP/AZA, and preoperative laboratory values. There were 27 patients receiving CS alone, 6 patients receiving 6-MP/AZA alone or with CS, and 16 patients receiving neither CS nor 6-MP/AZA. Results: There were 17 postoperative infections (38.6%) among IBD patients who had undergone surgery and wound infection was the most common type of infection (76.5%). In IBD patients, patients receiving CS had higher postoperative infection rate than those patients receiving neither CS nor 6-MP/AZA (p=0.039). Patients receiving CS in conjunction with 6-MP/AZA did not have significantly higher postoperative infection rate than those with CS only (p=0.415). Conclusions: Preoperative use of CS in patients with IBD is associated with the increased risk of postoperative infections. Addition of 6-MP/AZA in patients receiving CS does not increase the risk of postoperative infectionsope