Options for Economic Growth in Mali through the Application of Science and Technology to Agriculture

Prepared For The United States Agency for International Development Initiative To End Hunger In Africafood security, food policy, Mali science and technology research, research and extension, International Development, Q18,

Aquaculture Asia, Vol.14, No.4, pp.1-52, October - December 2009

Sustainable aquaculture Peter Edwards writes on rural aquaculture Edwards, P. Mussel farming initiatives in North Kerala, India: A case of successful adoption of technology leading to rural livelihood transformation Laxmilatha, P., Thomas, S., Asokan, P.K., Surendranathan, V.G., Sivadasan, M.P., and Ramachandran, N.P. Selective study on the availability in indigenous fish species having ornamental value in some districts of West Bengal Panigrahi, A.K., Dutta, S. and Ghosh, I. Aquaculture livelihoods service centres in Aceh, Indonesia: A novel approach to improving the livelihoods of small scale fish farmers Ravikumar, B. and Yamamoto, K. Research and farming techniques e-Sagu Aqua - an innovative information and communication technology model for transfer of technology for aquaculture Vimala, D. D., Ravisankar, T., Mahalakshmi, P., and Kumaran, M. Freshwater pearl crop: an emerging enterprise in the Indian subcontinent Misra, G., Jena, J. and Kumar, K. Genetics and biodiversity Preliminary risk assessment of Pacific white leg shrimp (P. vannamei) introduced to Thailand for aquaculture Senanan, W., Panutrakul, S., Barnette, P., Chavanich, S., Mantachitr, V., Tangkrock-Olan, N., and Viyakarn, V. Farmer profile Aquatic animal health Asian fish health experts visit Australia Olsen, L. and Ingram, B. (Fisheries Victoria) Black gill disease of cage-cultured ornate rock lobster Panulirus ornatus in central Vietnam caused by Fusarium species Nha, V.V., Hoa, D.T. and Khoa, L.V. Marine Finfish Aquaculture Network Effects of the partial substitution fish oil by soybean oil in the diets on muscle fatty acid composition of juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum) Hung, P.D. and Mao, N.D. Growth response of cobia Rachycentron canadum (Pisces: Rachycentridae) under the hypersaline conditions of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi Yousif, O.M.*, Kumar, K.K. and Abdul-Rahman, A.F.A. NACA Newslette

Market chain analysis of fruits for Gomma Woreda, Jimma Zone, Oromia National Regional State

In support of stimulating growth, economic development, food security and alleviating poverty, the analysis of the marketing performance of fruits plays an important role in an ongoing or future fruit development plan. In spite of the policy options provided by the Ethiopian government, there is very little empirical evidence on the fruit marketing system to design appropriate policies for its improvement of fruit marketing in the study area. Therefore, this study was aimed at analyzing the market chain of fruit for Gomma woreda, Jimma Zone of Oromia National Regional State with the specific objectives of identifying the major fruit marketing channels; quantifying the costs and margins for key fruit marketing channels and identifying factors influencing fruit marketable supply in the study area. In order to attain these objectives the study made use of primary and secondary data. The data were generated by individual interview schedules and focus group discussions using pretested semi structured questionnaires and checklists respectively. This was supplemented by secondary data collected from different published and unpublished sources. Structure, Conduct and Performance (SCP) approach was used to evaluate avocado and mango market and Multiple Linear Regression Model was fitted to identify factors influencing the marketable supply of avocado and mango in the study area. Structure of the market indicates that licensing and years of avocado and mango trade experience did not hinder entry into avocado and mango trade, but capital, education and market information were barriers to enter into the trade. Analysis of marketing costs and margins revealed that processors (juice house) received the highest (88.73%) marketing margin and producers received the least (11.27%) marketing margins in avocado and mango trade business. Based on regression model, the study has identified the main determinants of avocado and mango quantity supply. Quantity of avocado produced, experience, education and price of avocado in the previous year are factors that significantly affect quantity of avocado supplied to the market positively at 1%, 5%, and at 10% level, respectively while lack of market access affects the supply negatively at 10% level. Similarly quantity of mango produced, education and extension contact are factors that significantly affect quantity of mango supplied to the market positively. Therefore one of the most important variables influencing the market supply of avocado and mango is avocado and mango quantity produced due to this, extension work should focus on encouraging farmers to participate in avocado and mango production. This particularly includes, capacity building, technological applications, improved extension and plant breeding activities, there is also a need to increase new varieties that are disease resistant and disseminate these technologies to potential areas. The findings suggests that, effective market information service has to be established to provide accurate and timely market information to farmers and traders on current supply of avocado and mango output, demand and prices at national and regional levels. Infrastructural development is also a key to support the sub-sector. In this arena, emphasis should be given to improved storage and transportation system, offering credit and other services to improve effective production and marketing of avocado and mango

Tropical fruit tree diversity: good practices for in situ and on-farm conservation

Farmers have developed a range of agricultural practices to sustainably use and maintain a wide diversity of crop species in many parts of the world. This book documents good practices innovated by farmers and collects key reviews on good practices from global experts, not only from the case study countries but also from Brazil, China and other parts of Asia and Latin America

Urbanization in Northern Corridor Economic Region in Malaysia

Urbanization in Northern Corridor Economic Region in Malaysia presents five chapters: Introduction, Paradigm of Urbanization, The Rise of Urbanization, Urbanization in Northern Corridor Economic Region, and Strategy on Urbanization. The book provides an insight into scientific literature on the topic of urbanization, encompassing a variety of publications such as books, magazines, journals, and other formats. The notion of urbanization, related to the urban model and theory, is becoming recognized in academic spheres. Urban theory, within the urban context, aims to define objectives and distinct approaches for the common realization of city living. Urban transition consists of a variety of elements that transform the urban region. The data presented in the book examines the link between various perspectives on urbanization and their outcomes. The strategies on urbanization must involve many domains, because an estimated 1.6 billion citizens currently reside in urban regions

Market Linked Innovation Systems : Opportunities for Strengthening Agricultural Development in Ethiopia

This study on Strengthening Market Linked Innovation Systems was produced at the request of the Royal Netherlands Embassy in Ethiopia. It offers a perspective on how innovation processes and capacities could be further developed in support of Ethiopia’s Economic Growth and Transformation Plan (EGTP) and the Agricultural Growth Programme (AGP). More specifically it provides recommendations to the Netherlands Embassy on strategic priorities in supporting development of agricultural sector in Ethiopia

Aquaculture Asia, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp.1-58, January-March 2003

*Table of Contents* Sustainable Aquaculture Fertilization, soil and water quality management in small-scale ponds part II:Soil and water quality management S. Adhikari Fisheries and aquaculture activities in Nepal Tek Gurung Peter Edwards writes on rural aquaculture: A knowledge-base for rural aquaculture Farmers as Scientists: Commercialization of giant freshwater prawn culture in India M.C. Nandeesha Aquaculture in reservoir fed canal based irrigation systems of India – a boon for fish production K.M. Rajesh, Mridula R. Mendon, K. N. Prabhudeva and P. Arun Padiyar Research and Farming Techniques Production and grow-out of the Black-lip pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera Idris Lane Breeding of carps using a low-cost, small-scale hatchery in Assam, India: A farmer proven technology S.K. Das Genes and Fish: Hybridisation – more trouble than its worth? Graham Mair Breeding and culture of the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra in Vietnam R. Pitt and N. D. Q. Duy The potential use of palm kernel meal in aquaculture feeds Wing-Keong Ng Using a Simple GIS model to assess development patterns of small-scale rural aquaculture in the wider environment Simon R. Bush Aquaculture fundamentals: Getting the most out of your feed Simon Wilkinson Marine finfish section Status of marine finfish aquaculture in Myanmar U Khin Kolay Regional training course on grouper hatchery production Aquatic Animal Health Advice on aquatic animal health care: Problems in Penaeus monodon culture in low salinity areas Pornlerd Chanratchakoo

Newly introduced AVRDC vegetable technologies in reduction of income poverty: Babati District, Tanzania

The use of traditional technologies is one of the reasons for the poor income generation in Tanzania for vegetable growers: The Tanzanian Government has prioritized agriculture sector as a major means to fight poverty, but little emphasis has been put on the cultivation of vegetables. Hence no technological advancement in vegetables, this situation leads to small amount of yield and consequently low supply of the product hence low income generation. However, the government has done less, but, some nongovernmental organizations such as AVRDC, TAHA and others have helped to innovate, facilitate and also monitor vegetable activities (introduction of new technologies). Although, non-governmental organizations have tried to introduce new technologies to farmers the problem remained cost effectiveness of technology towards income poverty reduction. The present study was conducted in Babati District, Manyara Region, Tanzania; specifically the study was designed to assess the profitability of the newly introduced technologies towards income poverty reduction. A total of 77 farmers were investigated by interview method, purposive sampling technique was applied and Paired sample T-test was used to assess the effectiveness of technologies and the results of the study revealed that newly introduced technologies were significant at p-value = 0.028 and 0.028 for cost and revenue, respectively. In conclusion, the study findings show that, newly introduced technologies can be adopted by vegetable producers because profit gained by using newly introduced technologies can dramatically reduce income poverty of vegetable producers

Leading to serve and empower the poor: Transformational leadership in agricultural research for development

At the dawn of the millennium, the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) witnessed a renaissance. The institution, riddled with serious financial and human resource challenges, rose to the call of the new leadership. Infused with a new verve and a burning optimism, ICRISAT embraced the phrase Science with a Human Face from the inaugural speech of its young and energetic Director General, Dr William D. Dar, turning it into both an inspiration and a rallying point for an institutional transformation. Dr Dar was appointed Director General by the Governing Board in the year 2000. From then on, proactive and strategic thinking became the order of the day. It was the beginning of 15 years of continued exploration of uncommon opportunities for inclusive and sustainable development, while tackling the twin challenges of global hunger and poverty, and fulfilling a dedication to serve poor communities in the drylands of Asia and sub-Saharan Africa