67 research outputs found

    Context-Aware Publish Subscribe in Mobile ad Hoc Networks

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    The publish-subscribe communication paradigm is enjoying increasing popularity thanks to its ability to simplify the development of complex distributed applications. However, existing solutions in the publish-subscribe domain address only part of the challenges associated with the development of applications in dynamic scenarios such as mobile ad hoc networks. Mobile applications must be able to assist users in a variety of situations, responding not only to their inputs but also to the characteristics of the environment in which they operate. In this paper, we address these challenges by extending the publish-subscribe paradigm with the ability to manage and exploit context information when matching events against subscriptions. We present our extension in terms of a formal model of context-aware publish-subscribe. We propose a solution for its implementation in MANETs; and finally we validate our approach by means of extensive simulations

    Efficient event delivery in publish/subscribe systems for wireless mesh networks

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    Internet and Mobile Computing Lab, Department of ComputingRefereed conference paper2006-2007 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference paperVersion of RecordPublishe

    THREE TEMPORAL PERSPECTIVES ON DECENTRALIZED LOCATION-AWARE COMPUTING: PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE

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    Durant les quatre derniĂšres dĂ©cennies, la miniaturisation a permis la diffusion Ă  large Ă©chelle des ordinateurs, les rendant omniprĂ©sents. Aujourd’hui, le nombre d’objets connectĂ©s Ă  Internet ne cesse de croitre et cette tendance n’a pas l’air de ralentir. Ces objets, qui peuvent ĂȘtre des tĂ©lĂ©phones mobiles, des vĂ©hicules ou des senseurs, gĂ©nĂšrent de trĂšs grands volumes de donnĂ©es qui sont presque toujours associĂ©s Ă  un contexte spatiotemporel. Le volume de ces donnĂ©es est souvent si grand que leur traitement requiert la crĂ©ation de systĂšme distribuĂ©s qui impliquent la coopĂ©ration de plusieurs ordinateurs. La capacitĂ© de traiter ces donnĂ©es revĂȘt une importance sociĂ©tale. Par exemple: les donnĂ©es collectĂ©es lors de trajets en voiture permettent aujourd’hui d’éviter les em-bouteillages ou de partager son vĂ©hicule. Un autre exemple: dans un avenir proche, les donnĂ©es collectĂ©es Ă  l’aide de gyroscopes capables de dĂ©tecter les trous dans la chaussĂ©e permettront de mieux planifier les interventions de maintenance Ă  effectuer sur le rĂ©seau routier. Les domaines d’applications sont par consĂ©quent nombreux, de mĂȘme que les problĂšmes qui y sont associĂ©s. Les articles qui composent cette thĂšse traitent de systĂšmes qui partagent deux caractĂ©ristiques clĂ©s: un contexte spatiotemporel et une architecture dĂ©centralisĂ©e. De plus, les systĂšmes dĂ©crits dans ces articles s’articulent autours de trois axes temporels: le prĂ©sent, le passĂ©, et le futur. Les systĂšmes axĂ©s sur le prĂ©sent permettent Ă  un trĂšs grand nombre d’objets connectĂ©s de communiquer en fonction d’un contexte spatial avec des temps de rĂ©ponses proche du temps rĂ©el. Nos contributions dans ce domaine permettent Ă  ce type de systĂšme dĂ©centralisĂ© de s’adapter au volume de donnĂ©e Ă  traiter en s’étendant sur du matĂ©riel bon marchĂ©. Les systĂšmes axĂ©s sur le passĂ© ont pour but de faciliter l’accĂšs a de trĂšs grands volumes donnĂ©es spatiotemporelles collectĂ©es par des objets connectĂ©s. En d’autres termes, il s’agit d’indexer des trajectoires et d’exploiter ces indexes. Nos contributions dans ce domaine permettent de traiter des jeux de trajectoires particuliĂšrement denses, ce qui n’avait pas Ă©tĂ© fait auparavant. Enfin, les systĂšmes axĂ©s sur le futur utilisent les trajectoires passĂ©es pour prĂ©dire les trajectoires que des objets connectĂ©s suivront dans l’avenir. Nos contributions permettent de prĂ©dire les trajectoires suivies par des objets connectĂ©s avec une granularitĂ© jusque lĂ  inĂ©galĂ©e. Bien qu’impliquant des domaines diffĂ©rents, ces contributions s’articulent autour de dĂ©nominateurs communs des systĂšmes sous-jacents, ouvrant la possibilitĂ© de pouvoir traiter ces problĂšmes avec plus de gĂ©nĂ©ricitĂ© dans un avenir proche. -- During the past four decades, due to miniaturization computing devices have become ubiquitous and pervasive. Today, the number of objects connected to the Internet is in- creasing at a rapid pace and this trend does not seem to be slowing down. These objects, which can be smartphones, vehicles, or any kind of sensors, generate large amounts of data that are almost always associated with a spatio-temporal context. The amount of this data is often so large that their processing requires the creation of a distributed system, which involves the cooperation of several computers. The ability to process these data is important for society. For example: the data collected during car journeys already makes it possible to avoid traffic jams or to know about the need to organize a carpool. Another example: in the near future, the maintenance interventions to be carried out on the road network will be planned with data collected using gyroscopes that detect potholes. The application domains are therefore numerous, as are the prob- lems associated with them. The articles that make up this thesis deal with systems that share two key characteristics: a spatio-temporal context and a decentralized architec- ture. In addition, the systems described in these articles revolve around three temporal perspectives: the present, the past, and the future. Systems associated with the present perspective enable a very large number of connected objects to communicate in near real-time, according to a spatial context. Our contributions in this area enable this type of decentralized system to be scaled-out on commodity hardware, i.e., to adapt as the volume of data that arrives in the system increases. Systems associated with the past perspective, often referred to as trajectory indexes, are intended for the access to the large volume of spatio-temporal data collected by connected objects. Our contributions in this area makes it possible to handle particularly dense trajectory datasets, a problem that has not been addressed previously. Finally, systems associated with the future per- spective rely on past trajectories to predict the trajectories that the connected objects will follow. Our contributions predict the trajectories followed by connected objects with a previously unmet granularity. Although involving different domains, these con- tributions are structured around the common denominators of the underlying systems, which opens the possibility of being able to deal with these problems more generically in the near future

    Cross-layer Peer-to-Peer Computing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

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    The future information society is expected to rely heavily on wireless technology. Mobile access to the Internet is steadily gaining ground, and could easily end up exceeding the number of connections from the fixed infrastructure. Picking just one example, ad hoc networking is a new paradigm of wireless communication for mobile devices. Initially, ad hoc networking targeted at military applications as well as stretching the access to the Internet beyond one wireless hop. As a matter of fact, it is now expected to be employed in a variety of civilian applications. For this reason, the issue of how to make these systems working efficiently keeps the ad hoc research community active on topics ranging from wireless technologies to networking and application systems. In contrast to traditional wire-line and wireless networks, ad hoc networks are expected to operate in an environment in which some or all the nodes are mobile, and might suddenly disappear from, or show up in, the network. The lack of any centralized point, leads to the necessity of distributing application services and responsibilities to all available nodes in the network, making the task of developing and deploying application a hard task, and highlighting the necessity of suitable middleware platforms. This thesis studies the properties and performance of peer-to-peer overlay management algorithms, employing them as communication layers in data sharing oriented middleware platforms. The work primarily develops from the observation that efficient overlays have to be aware of the physical network topology, in order to reduce (or avoid) negative impacts of application layer traffic on the network functioning. We argue that cross-layer cooperation between overlay management algorithms and the underlying layer-3 status and protocols, represents a viable alternative to engineer effective decentralized communication layers, or eventually re-engineer existing ones to foster the interconnection of ad hoc networks with Internet infrastructures. The presented approach is twofold. Firstly, we present an innovative network stack component that supports, at an OS level, the realization of cross-layer protocol interactions. Secondly, we exploit cross-layering to optimize overlay management algorithms in unstructured, structured, and publish/subscribe platforms

    A Dynamic Messaging Architecture for Vehicular Social Networks

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    RÉSUMÉ La congestion routiĂšre et les longs trajets quotidiens sont deux grandes sources d'insatisfaction chez les voyageurs. Ces derniers partagent les mĂȘmes besoins et intĂ©rĂȘts au niveau de la route mais leur anonymitĂ©, leur manque de confiance en leur voisinage et la grande mobilitĂ© des vĂ©hicules les rendent incapables d'entamer et de maintenir une communication sure et stable entre eux, pendant les heures de pointe et les bouchons de circulation, afin de gĂ©rer ensemble l'Ă©tat critique et imprĂ©visible du trafic routier. Ceci dĂ©clenche chez eux des sentiments de frustration, augmente leur niveau de stress et les pousse Ă  s'envoyer des messages de façon aveugle, ce qui empire la situation du trafic, congestionne le rĂ©seau, augmente les dĂ©lais d'attente de rĂ©ception d'information utiles et affecte nĂ©gativement la qualitĂ© de leur voyage et leur Ă©tat psychologique. Par ailleurs et en l'absence de congestion, certains voyageurs considĂšrent la longue durĂ©e de leur voyage comme du temps perdu Ă  ne rien faire, d'autres utilisent les applications mobiles de gĂ©olocalisation et partagent leurs informations contextuelles avec leurs amis via les rĂ©seaux sociaux virtuels, ce qui est considĂ©rĂ© comme un moyen de divertissement tout au long de leur voyage. En fait, l'anonymitĂ© des voyageurs au niveau de la route est alimentĂ©e par leur hĂ©sitation Ă  partager leurs intĂ©rĂȘts avec un public inconnu, ce qui pourrait les exposer aux problĂšmes de fuite de donnĂ©es personnelles et mettre en pĂ©ril leur identitĂ© et information personnelles. Plusieurs travaux de recherche ont proposĂ© des architectures vĂ©hiculaires qui favorisent et facilitent le dĂ©veloppement de services et d'applications vĂ©hiculaires traditionnels orientĂ©s vĂ©hicule, qui visent principalement Ă  amĂ©liorer la sĂ©curitĂ© routiĂšre et Ă  prĂ©venir les accidents. D'autres travaux plus rĂ©cents sont motivĂ©s par l'amĂ©lioration de la qualitĂ© du voyage et Ă  offrir aux voyageurs des services de divertissement. Ces travaux proposent l'introduction du concept des rĂ©seaux sociaux dans les rĂ©seaux vĂ©hiculaires ad hoc afin de faciliter la formation de communautĂ©s vĂ©hiculaires sociales oĂč les voyageurs sont regroupĂ©s en fonction de leur contexte et leurs intĂ©rĂȘts sur la route. Pour ce faire, les auteurs de ces travaux ont procĂ©dĂ© Ă  la conception d'architectures vĂ©hiculaires sociales distribuĂ©es ou centralisĂ©es qui supportent le dĂ©veloppement des applications vĂ©hiculaires orientĂ©es utilisateur. Cependant, ces architectures proposĂ©es ne sont pas hybrides. De plus, elles ne tiennent pas compte de la coopĂ©ration entre les couches supĂ©rieures de l'architecture OSI (services et applications) et les couches infĂ©rieures responsables du routage de l'information contextuelle dynamique propagĂ©e Ă  travers le rĂ©seau. En outre, ces derniĂšres devraient aussi considĂ©rer la fragilitĂ© et l'instabilitĂ© des liens de communication entre les vĂ©hicules, ce qui empĂȘche les voyageurs de maintenir une communication fiable et efficace sur la route et cause des collisions lors de la dissĂ©mination des messages dans des environnements vĂ©hiculaires denses. Par ailleurs, le coĂ»t d'accĂšs Ă  l'infrastructure induit une grande consommation de la bande passante dans le cas oĂč la majoritĂ© des voyageurs se connectent Ă  Internet simultanĂ©ment dans un environnement vĂ©hiculaire hybride et dense. Cette thĂšse vient combler le vide d'architecture vĂ©hiculaire hybride dans les rĂ©seaux vĂ©hiculaires sociaux et propose un nouveau systĂšme de messagerie dynamique hybride, fiable, stable et efficace pour ce type de rĂ©seaux, appelĂ© DYMES. Une telle architecture permet de favoriser les interactions entre les voyageurs en temps-rĂ©el, tout en respectant leur anonymitĂ© sur la route et en tenant compte de la dynamicitĂ© de leurs informations contextuelles partagĂ©es Ă  travers le rĂ©seau, en utilisant un ensemble d'abstractions de communication fiable, efficace, distribuĂ© et centralisĂ©, dans un environnement vĂ©hiculaire hybride et dense. Ce travail est subdivisĂ© en trois volets importants qui ont fait l'objet d'articles scientifiques. Le premier volet consiste Ă  identifier une mĂ©ta-stratĂ©gie qui guide la conception des abstractions de communication hybrides sur lesquelles repose DYMES. Nous proposons l'utilisation du modĂšle de publication et de souscription aux services qui concorde avec la nature dynamique des rĂ©seaux vĂ©hiculaires et qui rĂ©pond aux requis et aux besoins des voyageurs au niveau de la route en terme du respect de l'anonymitĂ© de leur identitĂ©. Dans ce modĂšle, les rĂ©cipiendaires des messages publiĂ©s sont identifiĂ©s par leur contexte et non par leur identitĂ©. De ce fait, nous concevons et introduisons des abstractions dynamiques de publication et de souscription aux services qui visent Ă  assurer une communication anonyme entre les voyageurs en leur permettant de publier leur information contextuelle dynamique et de souscrire en utilisant des filtres dynamiques sensibles au contexte des messages. Nous illustrons l'utilisation de DYMES et montrons son fonctionnement via deux applications vĂ©hiculaires sociales distribuĂ©es et centralisĂ©es. De plus, nous identifions et nous discutons nos choix d'implĂ©mentation des abstractions centralisĂ©es, distribuĂ©es et hybrides proposĂ©es qui guident la conception du systĂšme DYMES. Le deuxiĂšme volet propose un nouvel ensemble d'abstractions de publication et de souscription dynamiques, hybrides, efficientes et fiables qui reprĂ©sente un module de l'architecture DYMES. Notre premiĂšre abstraction est une stratĂ©gie de publication et de souscription dynamique aux services de regroupement DPSCS (Dynamic Publish/Subscribe Clustering Strategy) qui aborde les problĂ©matiques de l'isolation des voyageurs au niveau de la route et de l'instabilitĂ© de leur liens de communication. DPSCS permet Ă  chaque voyageur de former une communautĂ© stable basĂ©e sur son propre contexte et intĂ©rĂȘt, qui est capable de s'auto mettre Ă  jour de façon efficiente et fiable tout en respectant l'anonymitĂ© des voyageurs sur la route. Pour ce faire, chaque voyageur qui dĂ©sire communiquer avec son entourage en crĂ©ant une communautĂ©, publie une seule publication persistante, dans un espace dĂ©terminĂ©, dont le contenu est dynamique. DPSCS repose sur un protocole de communication qui permet de propager cette publication de maniĂšre efficiente et fiable en sĂ©lectionnant les relais qui disposent d'un lien stable avec le nƓud source (l'Ă©diteur) de la publication et qui sont situĂ©s loin de ce nƓud. Les voyageurs dont les souscriptions courantes concordent avec la publication dynamique du nƓud source, joignent sa communautĂ©. La persistance de la publication envoyĂ©e dĂ©termine la fin de la formation de la communautĂ©. Notre deuxiĂšme abstraction proposĂ©e est une stratĂ©gie de dĂ©couverte et de sĂ©lection de relais mobiles appelĂ©e MGDSS (Mobile Gateway Discovery/Selection Strategy). Cette derniĂšre aborde les problĂ©matiques de dĂ©couverte et de sĂ©lection de relais mobiles dans les environnements vĂ©hiculaires hybrides qui donnent naissance Ă  d'autres problĂšmes comme la grande consommation de bande passante lors de l'accĂšs d'un grand nombre de vĂ©hicules Ă  l'infrastructure, et le nombre exponentiel de messages envoyĂ©s entre les voyageurs dans les environnements vĂ©hiculaires denses. MGDSS se base sur le rĂ©sultat de DPSCS. Elle facilite aux voyageurs groupĂ©s dans des communautĂ©s la dĂ©couverte de leur entourage en leur permettant de s'envoyer un seul message chacun, qui est propagĂ© de façon fiable et efficiente en utilisant un nouveau protocole de diffusion nommĂ© CoCo (Context-aware Coding). Ce dernier permet de rĂ©duire le nombre de retransmissions des messages Ă  travers la communautĂ© et d'en assurer la livraison par les voyageurs. Ces derniers procĂšdent Ă  la sĂ©lection d'un nombre minimal de nƓuds relais capables de les lier Ă  l'infrastructure en se basant sur les informations qu'ils ont reçues Ă  travers MGDS-CoCo. Notre stratĂ©gie de sĂ©lection nommĂ©e MGSS (Mobile Gateway Selection Strategy) permet aux voyageurs d'envoyer leurs publications et leurs souscriptions Ă  l'infrastructure Ă  travers les relais sĂ©lectionnĂ©s en utilisant les chemins les plus stables. Une nouvelle stratĂ©gie de correspondance entre publication et souscription est implĂ©mentĂ©e au niveau de l'infrastructure et permet de comparer et de mettre Ă  jour les souscriptions des voyageurs et de les filtrer selon leur contenu dynamique avec les publications reçues. Le rĂ©sultat est renvoyĂ© aux souscripteurs concernĂ©s via le relais sĂ©lectionnĂ© en utilisant MGSS. L'Ă©valuation de performance de cet ensemble d'abstractions dynamiques de publication et de souscription de l'architecture DYMES prouve que la stratĂ©gie DPSCS est, en moyenne, 28% meilleure que les autres stratĂ©gies existantes en termes d'efficience et qu'elle est capable de former des communautĂ©s dans l'ordre des millisecondes. De plus, MGDSS dĂ©passe les stratĂ©gies existantes par un facteur de 71% Ă  100% en termes d'efficience pour toute densitĂ© de nƓuds comparĂ©e aux autres stratĂ©gies. Finalement, le troisiĂšme volet de cette thĂšse aborde la problĂ©matique de la dissĂ©mination des messages dans les environnements vĂ©hiculaires distribuĂ©s. Nous proposons une nouvelle stratĂ©gie de publication et de souscription dynamique aux services appelĂ©e SocialDrive-BroadTrip qui constitue un module important dans l'architecture DYMES. Cette stratĂ©gie assure une communication fiable et efficiente entre les voyageurs regroupĂ©s en peloton. Elle leur permet de publier des mises Ă  jour persistantes dont le contenu est dynamique et de souscrire en utilisant des filtres dynamiques sensibles au contexte des mises Ă  jour publiĂ©es. La correspondance entre publication et souscription est effectuĂ©e par les souscripteurs qui sont intĂ©ressĂ©s Ă  recevoir les derniĂšres mises Ă  jour publiĂ©es. La propagation de ces derniĂšres est assurĂ©e par un nouveau protocole de diffusion nommĂ© BroadTrip. Ce dernier est basĂ© sur la localisation et sur le codage rĂ©seau afin de rĂ©duire le nombre de retransmissions des mises Ă  jour envoyĂ©es Ă  travers le peloton. L'Ă©valuation de performance de BroadTrip montre qu'il est en moyenne 12% Ă  38% meilleur que les autres approches existantes. De plus, nos rĂ©sultats de simulation montrent que SocialDrive-BroadTrip dĂ©passe les autres stratĂ©gies de 26% Ă  58% en termes d'efficience et qu'elle est plus rapide que les autres stratĂ©gies en termes du nombre de correspondances de mises Ă  jours effectuĂ©es. Globalement, les abstractions de communication proposĂ©es dans l'architecture DYMES peuvent ĂȘtre utilisĂ©es comme base de dĂ©veloppement de n'importe quelle application vĂ©hiculaire sociale. De plus, les rĂ©sultats prouvent que l'architecture DYMES amĂ©liore la qualitĂ© d'interaction entre les voyageurs tout au long de leur voyage, en leur offrant diffĂ©rents types de services qui leur permettent de contrer leur isolement sur la route et de communiquer en temps rĂ©el de façon anonyme, efficiente, stable et efficace. Ceci permet aussi d'assurer leur confort pendant leurs navettes quotidiennes.----------ABSTRACT Spending time in a lengthy commute is unavoidable and is considered as one of the most painful parts of the commuters' daily routine. As ubiquitous computing is increasingly revolutionizing the way people interact and socialize, there is a pressing need to showcase vehicular social applications and services that enable proximity-based social interactions among commuters during their daily commutes. These applications aim at improving the quality of the commuters' traveling experience since they share similar congestion issues and are connected through wireless links. However, the major challenging issues that constraint their social interactions during their highway travels are 1) their anonymity on the road that does not encourage them to share their common interest which may reveal their identities and disclose their private information to an unknown public, and 2) the heterogeneous nature of vehicular environments and the unreliable connectivity of their wireless links which may drastically impact the quality of their social interactions. The inclusion of social networks within vehicles has attracted many researchers to devise either distributed or centralized vehicular social frameworks that support the development of vehicular applications and promote social interactions among commuters on the road. However, and to the best of our knowledge, there is a lack of hybrid vehicular social architectures. Moreover, existing architectures do not ensure a cooperation between upper service layers and the physical vehicular communication layers and are only designed to satisfy a specific kind of commuters' requirements. In this thesis, we tackle the lack of specialized hybrid vehicular social frameworks in the literature and we propose a novel, efficient, reliable, stable, hybrid and Dynamic Messaging System (DYMES) for vehicular social networks. Our proposed messaging system enables real-time social interactions among commuters based on their common interests, without revealing their identities, while taking into account the dynamic nature of their shared information, using a set of efficient, reliable, distributed and centralized communication abstractions. More specifically, this work is subdivided into three main aspects, each of these aspects led to scientific publications. The first aspect consists in the identification of a meta-strategy to guide building DYMES. We propose the use of the publish/subscribe model to design novel dynamic communication abstractions that match the dynamic nature of vehicular networks, as well as the anonymous nature of commuters' on the road. Our proposed dynamic publish/subscribe abstractions aim at breaking the commuters' social isolation by allowing them to publish dynamic contextual information and to subscribe using online context-aware message filters, without revealing their identities. We show the DYMES usage via two typical centralized and distributed vehicular social applications. Furthermore, we identify and discuss implementation issues of our proposed hybrid, distributed and centralized publish/subscribe abstractions which guide the building of our DYMES architecture. The second aspect introduces a set of novel, hybrid, efficient, reliable, stable and dynamic publish/subscribe abstractions that constitute an important building block of our hybrid DYMES architecture. Our first proposed abstraction is a Dynamic Publish/Subscribe Clustering Strategy (DPSCS) that tackles the problems of the commuters' anonymity and the intermittent nature of their wireless links which limit their social communication during their road trips. DPSCS provides the opportunity for each commuter to build a stable, self-updated, efficient and reliable community based on its own interests, without disclosing its personal information and without flooding the network. Using DPSCS, each commuter publishes a single persistent and dynamic publication in a predetermined geographical range, leaving the dynamic matching process to subscribers. DPSCS relies on the two Shot Stable Routing Service (2S-SRS) that disseminates the commuter's publication using stable and farther nodes. Our second proposed abstraction is a Mobile Gateway Discovery/Selection Strategy (MGDSS) that tackles the problems pertaining to mobile gateway discovery and selection in hybrid dense vehicular environments and that lead to other related challenges such as extensive bandwidth consumption and high message overhead. MGDSS is based on the outcome of DPSCS and allows commuters clustered in interest-based communities to efficiently and reliably discover their neighborhood, using an efficient and reliable broadcasting protocol called CoCo (Context-aware Coding). This protocol uses location and network coding in order to reduce the number of message retransmissions throughout the network, during the discovery process. A minimum number of mobile gateways is then selected by each commuter, upon the end of the discovery process, in order to simultaneously send the commuters' dynamic publications and subscriptions to the infrastructure using stable links. An online matching strategy is executed at the infrastructure and aims at updating the commuters' subscriptions and at sending positive matches to the corresponding subscribers. More specifically, DPSCS outperforms the next best comparable approach by 28% and succeeds to build social communities in the order of milliseconds. Furthermore, MGDSS shows an improvement of 71% to 100% over existing discovery strategies for any node density. Finally, the third aspect introduces a new dynamic publish/subscribe broadcasting abstraction called SocialDrive-BroadTrip that also constitutes an important building block of our hybrid DYMES architecture. SocialDrive-BroadTrip tackles the problem of updates dissemination in distributed vehicular environments. It aims at enabling real-time social interactions among commuters clustered in platoons. It allows them to publish dynamic and persistent updates and to subscribe using online context-aware update filters. Matching is executed by subscribers who are interested to receive the newest updates. The dissemination of persistent publications (updates) throughout the network is performed using a novel, efficient and reliable broadcasting protocol called BroadTrip. It leverages on location information and network coding in order to reduce the number of retransmissions needed to propagate the published persistent updates in platoons. The proposed abstraction is evaluated analytically and through simulations. We first evaluate the performance of BroadTrip protocol. The results show that it outperforms the next best comparable approach by 12% to 38% depending on settings. We then use BroadTrip as an underlying protocol in the DYMES architecture and evaluate the performance of SocialDrive-BroadTrip in a vehicular dense environment. The results show that our proposed strategy outperforms other existing approaches by 26% to 58% depending on settings. Globally, the results prove that DYMES is the best suitable messaging system to improve the quality of real-time social interactions among commuters in hybrid and dense vehicular environments, that it is able to ensure efficiency and comfort during their daily commutes and that its dynamic, efficient and reliable communication abstractions can be used to build any kind of vehicular social applications

    Data Storage and Dissemination in Pervasive Edge Computing Environments

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    Nowadays, smart mobile devices generate huge amounts of data in all sorts of gatherings. Much of that data has localized and ephemeral interest, but can be of great use if shared among co-located devices. However, mobile devices often experience poor connectivity, leading to availability issues if application storage and logic are fully delegated to a remote cloud infrastructure. In turn, the edge computing paradigm pushes computations and storage beyond the data center, closer to end-user devices where data is generated and consumed. Hence, enabling the execution of certain components of edge-enabled systems directly and cooperatively on edge devices. This thesis focuses on the design and evaluation of resilient and efficient data storage and dissemination solutions for pervasive edge computing environments, operating with or without access to the network infrastructure. In line with this dichotomy, our goal can be divided into two specific scenarios. The first one is related to the absence of network infrastructure and the provision of a transient data storage and dissemination system for networks of co-located mobile devices. The second one relates with the existence of network infrastructure access and the corresponding edge computing capabilities. First, the thesis presents time-aware reactive storage (TARS), a reactive data storage and dissemination model with intrinsic time-awareness, that exploits synergies between the storage substrate and the publish/subscribe paradigm, and allows queries within a specific time scope. Next, it describes in more detail: i) Thyme, a data storage and dis- semination system for wireless edge environments, implementing TARS; ii) Parsley, a flexible and resilient group-based distributed hash table with preemptive peer relocation and a dynamic data sharding mechanism; and iii) Thyme GardenBed, a framework for data storage and dissemination across multi-region edge networks, that makes use of both device-to-device and edge interactions. The developed solutions present low overheads, while providing adequate response times for interactive usage and low energy consumption, proving to be practical in a variety of situations. They also display good load balancing and fault tolerance properties.Resumo Hoje em dia, os dispositivos mĂłveis inteligentes geram grandes quantidades de dados em todos os tipos de aglomeraçÔes de pessoas. Muitos desses dados tĂȘm interesse loca- lizado e efĂȘmero, mas podem ser de grande utilidade se partilhados entre dispositivos co-localizados. No entanto, os dispositivos mĂłveis muitas vezes experienciam fraca co- nectividade, levando a problemas de disponibilidade se o armazenamento e a lĂłgica das aplicaçÔes forem totalmente delegados numa infraestrutura remota na nuvem. Por sua vez, o paradigma de computação na periferia da rede leva as computaçÔes e o armazena- mento para alĂ©m dos centros de dados, para mais perto dos dispositivos dos utilizadores finais onde os dados sĂŁo gerados e consumidos. Assim, permitindo a execução de certos componentes de sistemas direta e cooperativamente em dispositivos na periferia da rede. Esta tese foca-se no desenho e avaliação de soluçÔes resilientes e eficientes para arma- zenamento e disseminação de dados em ambientes pervasivos de computação na periferia da rede, operando com ou sem acesso Ă  infraestrutura de rede. Em linha com esta dico- tomia, o nosso objetivo pode ser dividido em dois cenĂĄrios especĂ­ficos. O primeiro estĂĄ relacionado com a ausĂȘncia de infraestrutura de rede e o fornecimento de um sistema efĂȘmero de armazenamento e disseminação de dados para redes de dispositivos mĂłveis co-localizados. O segundo diz respeito Ă  existĂȘncia de acesso Ă  infraestrutura de rede e aos recursos de computação na periferia da rede correspondentes. Primeiramente, a tese apresenta armazenamento reativo ciente do tempo (ARCT), um modelo reativo de armazenamento e disseminação de dados com percepção intrĂ­nseca do tempo, que explora sinergias entre o substrato de armazenamento e o paradigma pu- blicação/subscrição, e permite consultas num escopo de tempo especĂ­fico. De seguida, descreve em mais detalhe: i) Thyme, um sistema de armazenamento e disseminação de dados para ambientes sem fios na periferia da rede, que implementa ARCT; ii) Pars- ley, uma tabela de dispersĂŁo distribuĂ­da flexĂ­vel e resiliente baseada em grupos, com realocação preventiva de nĂłs e um mecanismo de particionamento dinĂąmico de dados; e iii) Thyme GardenBed, um sistema para armazenamento e disseminação de dados em redes multi-regionais na periferia da rede, que faz uso de interaçÔes entre dispositivos e com a periferia da rede. As soluçÔes desenvolvidas apresentam baixos custos, proporcionando tempos de res- posta adequados para uso interativo e baixo consumo de energia, demonstrando serem prĂĄticas nas mais diversas situaçÔes. Estas soluçÔes tambĂ©m exibem boas propriedades de balanceamento de carga e tolerĂąncia a faltas

    Efficient Probabilistic Subsumption Checking for Content-Based Publish/Subscribe Systems

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    Abstract. Efficient subsumption checking, deciding whether a subscription or publication is covered by a set of previously defined subscriptions, is of paramount importance for publish/subscribe systems. It provides the core system functionality—matching of publications to subscriber needs expressed as subscriptions—and additionally, reduces the overall system load and generated traffic since the covered subscriptions are not propagated in distributed environments. As the subsumption problem was shown previously to be co-NP complete and existing solutions typically apply pairwise comparisons to detect the subsumption relationship, we propose a ‘Monte Carlo type ’ probabilistic algorithm for the general subsumption problem. It determines whether a publication/subscription is covered by a disjunction of subscriptions in O(k md), wherek is the number of subscriptions, m is the number of distinct attributes in subscriptions, and d is the number of tests performed to answer a subsumption question. The probability of error is problem-specific and typically very small, and sets an upper bound on d. Our experimental results show significant gains in term of subscription set reduction which has favorable impact on the overall system performance as it reduces the total computational costs and networking traffic. Furthermore, the expected theoretical bounds underestimate algorithm performance because it performs much better in practice due to introduced optimizations, and is adequate for fast forwarding of subscriptions in case of high subscription rate.

    Flexible services deployment using Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for emergency situations

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    Proceeding of: XXXIII Simposium Nacional de la Unión Científica Internacional de Radio (URSI 2018), 5-7 de septiembre de 2018, Granada, España.The notorious advances in the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) research area is allowing small UAVs (SUAV) to have an increasing presence in different civil applications. In the context of the 5GCity Spanish coordinated project, this paper considers the use of SUAV networks to support emergency services in critical and disaster situations. To solve the set of challenges presented in UAV networks, we present a general use case with the deployment of an NFV and SDN based solution and the different key enabling technologies. The whole deployment will be split into three stages during the project lifetime, with an initial integration using the 5TONIC European Open Research 5G laboratory and then with the different 5GCity project partners.This article has been partially supported by the 5G-City project (TEC2016-76795-C6-3-R) funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness.No publicad
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