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    АгрСсивноС ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСмах Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ срСдС

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    Π’ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Ρ”Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ– Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ–Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π΄Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ— різноманітності ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Ρ– ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ– Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΎΡ… дослідників Ρ” ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π° основними ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ Ρƒ сфСрі складних Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… систСм Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, як ΡˆΡ‚ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ– Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ— Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Π° Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…Ρ–Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ– Ρ‡ΠΈ різниця Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ–Π΄Ρ‡ΡƒΡ‚Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ– характСристики ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ–. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‡Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π΄ΠΎ ΡˆΡ‚ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… СкосистСм Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ АкстСлом Ρ– Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΊΡΠ΅Π»ΡŒΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‰ΠΎ наявна ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ½Π° Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡ” впровадТСння Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½Ρ–ΠΊ Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠ·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ—Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ. Подано модСль, Ρ‰ΠΎ Ρ” Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ–ΡΠ½ΡƒΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΡ— Ρ– ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π±Π½ΠΎΡ— Π΄ΠΎ класичних ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡˆΡ‚ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Тиття Ρƒ ΠΊΠ»Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ просторі. ДослідТСно Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ агрСсивної Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π½ΠΎΡ— ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ–Π΄ ΠΊΡ–Π»ΡŒΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– рСсурсу, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ систСми. ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ–-Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Ρ‚Π° Ρ—Ρ— ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡƒ, Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ АкстСлом Ρ‚Π° ΠΠΊΡΠ΅Π»ΡŒΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρƒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ– "стикування ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ".One of the key issues in Multi-Agent simulation approach is a consolidation of great model variety. Many researches govern own unique models that are similar in basic principles but for complex adaptive systems such as Artificial Ecosystems slight difference in architecture and parameters calibration could affect crucially on the emergent properties of the model. As it was denoted by the pioneers of the Artificial Ecosystems modelling Robert Axtell and Robert Axelrod: variety of Multi-Agent models need introduction of methods and technics that allows consolidating of its results. In work we present modification of model similar to classic Artificial Life spatial lattice models and trace the exhibition of aggressive and peaceful behavior depending on the income resource. We consider results of both models’ simulation as it was proposed in "docking models" method by Axtell and Axelrod.Π’ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° консолидация большого разнообразия ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… исслСдоватСлСй ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ основным ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π² сфСрС слоТных Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ искусствСнныС экологии Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ достаточно большоС влияниС Π½Π° эмСрдТСнтныС характСристики ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² искусствСнных экосистСмах Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ АкстСлом ΠΈ Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΊΡΠ΅Π»ΡŒΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ΡΡ мноТСство ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ внСдрСния Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ позволят ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° модСль, которая являСтся Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Π° классичСским модСлям искусствСнной ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ пространствС. ИсслСдована Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ агрСссивного ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ повСдСния Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ количСства рСсурса, ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² систСму. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ сравнСниС Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ-Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ АкстСлом ΠΈ ΠΠΊΡΠ΅Π»ΡŒΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ "стыковка ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ"

    Π”ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° Π² Π½Π΅ΠΉΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² модСлях искусствСнной ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ

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    ΠšΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠ° Ρ” ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Π· Π½Π°ΠΉΠ±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ часто використовуваних Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… рис для Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… систСм. Π£ дСяких Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ… поява Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΡ— ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΈ пов’язана Ρ–Π· ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π»ΠΎΠΌ насСлСння Π½Π° ΡΠΏΡ–Π²Ρ–ΡΠ½ΡƒΡŽΡ‡Ρ– субпопуляції [1, 2]. Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠ²Π° взаємодія ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½Π΅ лишС Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈ антагоністичного ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»Ρ–ΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ, Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΉ Π·ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»ΡŽΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π΄Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΡ„ΠΎΠΌ, який ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… стратСгій Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ— асиміляції [3]. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½Ρ– Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ залСТностСй ΠΌΡ–ΠΆ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π² Ρ‚Π° Ρ—Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ стратСгіями. Використано ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–ΡŽ спостСрСТСння Π·Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡ–ΠΊΠΎΡŽ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡƒ [2], Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ якої популяція Ρƒ просторі Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ–Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈ вигляд Ρ…ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° якої Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π°Ρ” ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ–ΠΉ особині. Розглянуто Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡ–ΠΊΡƒ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ—Π΄Π° насСлСння β€” Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π° Ρ…ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡƒ. Аналіз Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ”ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ сприяти Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡŽ Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ–Π² існування популяції Ρ‚Π° Ρ—Ρ… зародТСння.Cooperation behavior is one of the most used and spread Multi-agent system feature. In some cases emergence of this behaviour can be characterized by division of population on co-evolving subpopulations [1], [2]. Group interaction can take not only antagonistic conflict form but also genetic drift that results with strategies competition and assimilation [3]. In this work we demonstrate different relation between agent grouping and they behavior strategies. We use approach proposed in work [2] methodology of agent genotype dynamic tracking, due to this approach the evolving population can be presented in genotype space as a cloud of points where each point corresponds to one individual. In current work consider the movement of population centroid – the center of the genotype cloud. Analysis of such trajectories can shad the light on the regimes of population existence and genesis.ΠšΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ часто ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΈ распространСнных Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ для ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях появлСниС Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ повСдСния связано с Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ насСлСния Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ субпопуляции [1, 2]. Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ взаимодСйствиС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ антагонистичСского ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ обуслoΠ²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ гСнСтичСским Π΄Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΡ„ΠΎΠΌ, приводящим ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ повСдСнчСских стратСгий ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ассимиляции [3]. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ зависимостСй ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… повСдСнчСскими стратСгиями. Использована мСтодология наблюдСния Π·Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° [2], согласно ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ популяция ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдставлСна Π² пространствС Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΠΊΠ° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, Π³Π΄Π΅ каТдая Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° соотвСтствуСт ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ особи. РассмотрСна Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π° популяции β€” Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΠΊΠ° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°. Анализ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ исслСдованию Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² сущСствования популяции ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… зароТдСния

    Investigating whether HyperNEAT produces modular neural networks

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    HyperNEAT represents a class of neuroevolutionary algorithms that captures some of the power of natural development with a computationally efficient high-level abstraction of development. This class of algorithms is intended to provide many of the desirable properties produced in biological phenotypes by natural developmental processes, such as regularity, modularity and hierarchy. While it has been previously shown that HyperNEAT produces regular artificial neural network (ANN) phenotypes, in this paper we investigated the open question of whether HyperNEAT can produce modular ANNs. We conducted such research on problems where modularity should be beneficial, and found that HyperNEAT failed to generate modular ANNs. We then imposed modularity on HyperNEAT’s phenotypes and its performance improved, demonstrating that modularity increases performance on this problem. We next tested two techniques to encourage modularity in HyperNEAT, but did not observe an increase in either modularity or performance. Finally, we conducted tests on a simpler problem that requires modularity and found that HyperNEAT was able to rapidly produce modular solutions that solved the problem. We therefore present the first documented case of HyperNEAT producing a modular phenotype, but our inability to encourage modularity on harder problems where modularity would have been beneficial suggests that more work is needed to increase the likelihood that HyperNEAT and similar algorithms produce modular ANNs in response to challenging, decomposable problems

    Aggressive and peaceful behavior in multiagent systems on cellular space

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    One of the key issues in Multi-Agent simulation approach is a consolidation of great model variety. Many researches govern own unique models that are similar in basic principles but for complex adaptive systems such as Artificial Ecosystems slight difference in architecture and parameters calibration could affect crucially on the emergent properties of the model. As it was denoted by the pioneers of the Artificial Ecosystems modelling Robert Axtell and Robert Axelrod: variety of Multi-Agent models need introduction of methods and technics that allows consolidating of its results. In work we present modification of model similar to classic Artificial Life spatial lattice models and trace the exhibition of aggressive and peaceful behavior depending on the income resource. We consider results of both models’ simulation as it was proposed in Β«docking modelsΒ» method by Axtell and Axelrod.Π’ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΡ€Ρ–Ρ”Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ– Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ–Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π΄Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ— різноманітності ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π ΠΎΠ·Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π½Ρ– ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ– Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΎΡ… дослідників Ρ” ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π·Π° основними ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ Ρƒ сфСрі складних Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… систСм Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, як ΡˆΡ‚ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ– Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ— Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Π° Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΌΡ–Π½Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…Ρ–Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ– Ρ‡ΠΈ різниця Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Ρ–Π΄Ρ‡ΡƒΡ‚Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ– характСристики ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ–. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€ΡˆΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‡Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρƒ Π΄ΠΎ ΡˆΡ‚ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… СкосистСм Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ АкстСлом Ρ– Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΊΡΠ΅Π»ΡŒΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‰ΠΎ наявна ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ½Π° Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΡ” впровадТСння Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½Ρ–ΠΊ Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠ·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ—Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ. Подано модСль, Ρ‰ΠΎ Ρ” Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ–ΡΠ½ΡƒΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΡ— Ρ– ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π±Π½ΠΎΡ— Π΄ΠΎ класичних ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡˆΡ‚ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Тиття Ρƒ ΠΊΠ»Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ просторі. ДослідТСно Π·Π°Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ агрСсивної Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π½ΠΎΡ— ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΈ Π²Ρ–Π΄ ΠΊΡ–Π»ΡŒΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– рСсурсу, Ρ‰ΠΎ Π½Π°Π΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ систСми. ΠŸΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ–-Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Ρ‚Π° Ρ—Ρ— ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡƒ, Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ АкстСлом Ρ‚Π° ΠΠΊΡΠ΅Π»ΡŒΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρƒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ– "стикування ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ".Π’ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° консолидация большого разнообразия ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… исслСдоватСлСй ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ основным ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π² сфСрС слоТных Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ искусствСнныС экологии Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ достаточно большоС влияниС Π½Π° эмСрдТСнтныС характСристики ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ. ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² искусствСнных экосистСмах Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ АкстСлом ΠΈ Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΊΡΠ΅Π»ΡŒΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ΡΡ мноТСство ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ внСдрСния Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ позволят ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° модСль, которая являСтся Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Π° классичСским модСлям искусствСнной ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ пространствС. ИсслСдована Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ агрСссивного ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ повСдСния Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ количСства рСсурса, ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² систСму. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ сравнСниС Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ-Ρ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°, ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ АкстСлом ΠΈ ΠΠΊΡΠ΅Π»ΡŒΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ «стыковка ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉΒ»

    Genotype dynamic for agent neuroevolution in artificial life model

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    Cooperation behavior is one of the most used and spread Multi-agent system feature. In some cases emergence of this behaviour can be characterized by division of population on co-evolving subpopulations [1], [2]. Group interaction can take not only antagonistic conflict form but also genetic drift that results with strategies competition and assimilation [3]. In this work we demonstrate different relation between agent grouping and they behavior strategies. We use approach proposed in work [2] methodology of agent genotype dynamic tracking, due to this approach the evolving population can be presented in genotype space as a cloud of points where each point corresponds to one individual. In current work consider the movement of population centroid – the center of the genotype cloud. Analysis of such trajectories can shad the light on the regimes of population existence and genesis.ΠšΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠ° Ρ” ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Π· Π½Π°ΠΉΠ±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ часто використовуваних Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΠΎΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… рис для Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… систСм. Π£ дСяких Π²ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠ°Ρ… поява Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΡ— ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΈ пов’язана Ρ–Π· ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π»ΠΎΠΌ насСлСння Π½Π° ΡΠΏΡ–Π²Ρ–ΡΠ½ΡƒΡŽΡ‡Ρ– субпопуляції [1, 2]. Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠ²Π° взаємодія ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½Π΅ лишС Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈ антагоністичного ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»Ρ–ΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ, Π°Π»Π΅ ΠΉ Π·ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»ΡŽΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π΄Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΡ„ΠΎΠΌ, який ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… стратСгій Ρ‚Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ— асиміляції [3]. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½Ρ– Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈ залСТностСй ΠΌΡ–ΠΆ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π² Ρ‚Π° Ρ—Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ–Π½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΠΈ стратСгіями. Використано ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–ΡŽ спостСрСТСння Π·Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡ–ΠΊΠΎΡŽ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡƒ [2], Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ якої популяція Ρƒ просторі Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ–Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈ вигляд Ρ…ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΎΠΊ, ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½Π° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° якої Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π°Ρ” ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ–ΠΉ особині. Розглянуто Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡ–ΠΊΡƒ Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ—Π΄Π° насСлСння β€” Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π° Ρ…ΠΌΠ°Ρ€ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡƒ. Аналіз Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ”ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ–ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ сприяти Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡŽ Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΡ–Π² існування популяції Ρ‚Π° Ρ—Ρ… зародТСння.ΠšΠΎΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ часто ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Ρ… ΠΈ распространСнных Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€Ρ‚ для ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… систСм. Π’ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях появлСниС Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ повСдСния связано с Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ насСлСния Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ субпопуляции [1, 2]. Π“Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ взаимодСйствиС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡƒ антагонистичСского ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„Π»ΠΈΠΊΡ‚Π°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ обуслoΠ²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡΡ гСнСтичСским Π΄Ρ€Π΅ΠΉΡ„ΠΎΠΌ, приводящим ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ повСдСнчСских стратСгий ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ассимиляции [3]. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ‹ зависимостСй ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… повСдСнчСскими стратСгиями. Использована мСтодология наблюдСния Π·Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ° [2], согласно ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ популяция ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ прСдставлСна Π² пространствС Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΠΊΠ° Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅ΠΊ, Π³Π΄Π΅ каТдая Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠ° соотвСтствуСт ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ особи. РассмотрСна Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π° популяции β€” Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΠΊΠ° Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°. Анализ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‡ΡŒ исслСдованию Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ² сущСствования популяции ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… зароТдСния

    HyperNEAT for Locomotion Control in Modular Robots

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    In an application where autonomous robots can amalgamate spontaneously into arbitrary organisms, the individual robots cannot know a priori at which location in an organism they will end up. If the organism is to be controlled autonomously by the constituent robots, an evolutionary algorithm that evolves the controllers can only develop a single genome that will have to suffice for every individual robot. However, the robots should show different behaviour depending on their position in an organism, meaning their phenotype should be different depending on their location. In this paper, we demonstrate a solution for this problem using the HyperNEAT generative encoding technique with differentiated genome expression. We develop controllers for organism locomotion with obstacle avoidance as a proof of concept. Finally, we identify promising directions for further research

    Evolving Static Representations for Task Transfer

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    An important goal for machine learning is to transfer knowledge between tasks. For example, learning to play RoboCup Keepaway should contribute to learning the full game of RoboCup soccer. Previous approaches to transfer in Keepaway have focused on transforming the original representation to fit the new task. In contrast, this paper explores the idea that transfer is most effective if the representation is designed to be the same even across different tasks. To demonstrate this point, a bird\u27s eye view (BEV) representation is introduced that can represent different tasks on the same two-dimensional map. For example, both the 3 vs. 2 and 4 vs. 3 Keepaway tasks can be represented on the same BEV. Yet the problem is that a raw two-dimensional map is high-dimensional and unstructured. This paper shows how this problem is addressed naturally by an idea from evolutionary computation called indirect encoding, which compresses the representation by exploiting its geometry. The result is that the BEV learns a Keepaway policy that transfers without further learning or manipulation. It also facilitates transferring knowledge learned in a different domain, Knight Joust, into Keepaway. Finally, the indirect encoding of the BEV means that its geometry can be changed without altering the solution. Thus static representations facilitate several kinds of transfer

    Evolving multi-modal behavior in NPCs

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    METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS FOR EFFICIENT CUSTOM ARCHITECTURE DESIGN USING MACHINE LEARNING

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    Machine learning algorithms especially Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have revolutionized the arena of computing in the last decade. DNNs along the with the computational advancements also bring an unprecedented appetite for compute and parallel processing. Computer architects have risen to challenge by creating novel custom architectures called accelerators. However, given the ongoing rapid advancements in algorithmic development accelerators architects are playing catch- up to churn out optimized designs each time new algorithmic changes are published. It is also worth noting that the accelerator design cycle is expensive. It requires multiple iteration of design space optimization and expert knowledge of both digital design as well as domain knowledge of the workload itself. It is therefore imperative to build scalable and flexible architectures which are adaptive to work well for a variety of workloads. Moreover, it is also important to develop relevant tools and design methodologies which lower the overheads incurred at design time such that subsequent design iterations are fast and sustainable. This thesis takes a three-pronged approach to address these problems and push the frontiers for DNN accelerator design process. First, the thesis presents the description of a now popular cycle accurate DNN accelerator simulator. This simulator is built with the goal of obtaining detailed metrics as fast as possible. A detailed analytical model is also presented in this thesis which enables the designer to understand the interactions of the workload and architecture parameters. The information from the model can be directly used to prune the design search space to achieve faster convergence. Second, the thesis details a couple of flexible yet scalable DNN accelerator architectures. Finally, this thesis describes the use of machine learning to capture the design space of DNN accelerators and train a model to predict optimum configurations when queried with workload parameters and design constraints. The novelty of this piece of work is that it systematically lays out the formulation of traditional design optimization into a machine learning problem and describes the quality and components of a model which works well across various architecture design tasks.Ph.D
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