A Comprehensive Survey on Different Control Strategies and Applications of Active Power Filters for Power Quality Improvement

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Power quality (PQ) has become an important topic in today’s power system scenario. PQ issues are raised not only in normal three-phase systems but also with the incorporation of different distributed generations (DGs), including renewable energy sources, storage systems, and other systems like diesel generators, fuel cells, etc. The prevalence of these issues comes from the non-linear features and rapid changing of power electronics devices, such as switch-mode converters for adjustable speed drives and diode or thyristor rectifiers. The wide use of these fast switching devices in the utility system leads to an increase in disturbances associated with harmonics and reactive power. The occurrence of PQ disturbances in turn creates several unwanted effects on the utility system. Therefore, many researchers are working on the enhancement of PQ using different custom power devices (CPDs). In this work, the authors highlight the significance of the PQ in the utility network, its effect, and its solution, using different CPDs, such as passive, active, and hybrid filters. Further, the authors point out several compensation strategies, including reference signal generation and gating signal strategies. In addition, this paper also presents the role of the active power filter (APF) in different DG systems. Some technical and economic considerations and future developments are also discussed in this literature. For easy reference, a volume of journals of more than 140 publications on this particular subject is reported. The effectiveness of this research work will boost researchers’ ability to select proper control methodology and compensation strategy for various applications of APFs for improving PQ.publishedVersio

Design and Performance Analysis of a Neural Network Sliding Mode based Hybrid Controlled Islanded Micro-Grid

The micro-grid fed shunt voltage source converter, also known as a smart Artificial neural network and sliding mode controller (ANN-SMC) based hybrid system, is developed during this research for solar system, wind and battery storage connected shunt filter. Here, phased locked loop utilization is avoided by the self-tuning filter (STF). Move over, apart from producing phase synchronization, STF also distinguishes between the fundamental and harmonic components. Total harmonic distortion (THD) reduction and steady voltage across dc link during load variations with short settling times under both grid and island settings are the key goals of the recommended approach. Four scenarios with various combinations of loads, solar radiation, and wind speeds under islanding conditions are used to illustrate the effectiveness of the study

Robust Control of Series Active Power Filters for Power Quality Enhancement in Distribution Grids: Simulation and Experimental Validation

© 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This manuscript is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.This paper presents a simulation study and an experimental implementation of a single-phase Series Active Power Filter (SAPF) for the mitigation of harmonics in the load voltage. The aim is to regulate the injection voltage of the SAPF to compensate the grid voltage via the injection transformer in addition to maintaining the load voltage stable. The control strategies investigated in this work include Backstepping Sliding Mode Control (BSMC) and a neuro-fuzzy controller based on ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) l. The proposed control strategies for the single-phase SAPF are initially evaluated in simulations under MATLAB/Simulink and then validated on a laboratory-scale hardware experimental set up consisting of a source and a single-phase SAPF. A comparative study of these controllers with respect to their performance and robustness in mitigating power quality against voltage disturbances and harmonics is presented. Both simulation and experimental results have demonstrated that ANFIS-based controller was able to achieve superior performance and a lower total harmonic distortion (THD) as compared to the other control methods.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Advanced and Innovative Optimization Techniques in Controllers: A Comprehensive Review

New commercial power electronic controllers come to the market almost every day to help improve electronic circuit and system performance and efficiency. In DC–DC switching-mode converters, a simple and elegant hysteretic controller is used to regulate the basic buck, boost and buck–boost converters under slightly different configurations. In AC–DC converters, the input current shaping for power factor correction posts a constraint. But, several brilliant commercial controllers are demonstrated for boost and fly back converters to achieve almost perfect power factor correction. In this paper a comprehensive review of the various advanced optimization techniques used in power electronic controllers is presented

Mitigation of Power Quality Problems Using Custom Power Devices: A Review

Electrical power quality (EPQ) in distribution systems is a critical issue for commercial, industrial and residential applications. The new concept of advanced power electronic based Custom Power Devices (CPDs) mainly distributed static synchronous compensator (D-STATCOM), dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) and unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) have been developed due to lacking the performance of traditional compensating devices to minimize power quality disturbances. This paper presents a comprehensive review on D-STATCOM, DVR and UPQC to solve the electrical power quality problems of the distribution networks. This is intended to present a broad overview of the various possible DSTATCOM, DVR and UPQC configurations for single-phase (two wire) and three-phase (three-wire and four-wire) networks and control strategies for the compensation of various power quality disturbances. Apart from this, comprehensive explanation, comparison, and discussion on D-STATCOM, DVR, and UPQC are presented. This paper is aimed to explore a broad prospective on the status of D-STATCOMs, DVRs, and UPQCs to researchers, engineers and the community dealing with the power quality enhancement. A classified list of some latest research publications on the topic is also appended for a quick reference

Improvement Of Power Quality Using Shunt Active Power Filter In An Electrical Distribution System Using Eerl-Smc

In this paper a three phase Shunt Active Power Filter (ShAPF) is proposed to address the current related issues in a three phase Electrical Distribution System (EDS). A sliding mode controller (SMC) and an Enhanced Exponential Reaching Law based SMC (EERL-SMC) is proposed for a ShAPF to compensate the load current. The controller’s performance is tested by injecting the current harmonics into the system. A non-linear load along with different loads on the distribution side is connected in parallel in a distribution network at Point of common coupling (PCC). Modelling of the system is done using state space analysis. Stability of the system is analyzed using the state feedback approach. The reference source currents are generated using instantaneous PQ theory. For variations in the load, the THD in the source current is realized. It is found that EERL-SMC is more effective for a ShAPF in reducing the high frequency oscillations and settling time for convergence. The source voltage and current waveforms are observed to be sinusoidal in nature. Both the controllers are effective in reducing the THD levels in the source current as per the IEEE standards. A comparison between the controllers is presented in terms of settling time, THD in source current. PSCAD v4.6 is used for simulation works

Hybrid energy storage system control analogous to power quality enhancement operation of interlinking converters

Increasing nonlinear loads and power electronic converters lead to various power quality issues in microgrids (MGs). The interlinking converters (ILCs) can participate in these systems to harmonic control and power quality enhancement. However, ILC participation deteriorates the dc link voltage, system stability, and storage lifetime due to oscillatory current phenomena. To address these problems, a new control strategy for a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is proposed to eliminate the adverse effects of the harmonic control operation of ILC. Specifically, battery and super-capacitor (SC) are used as HESSs that provide low and high power frequency load, respectively. The proposed strategy tries to compensate the current oscillation imposed by ILC with fuzzy control of HESS. In this method, a proportional-resonant (PR) controller integrated with harmonic compensator (HC) is employed to control the ILC for power quality enhancement and oscillatory current elimination. The main advantages of the proposed strategy are to reduce DGs power fluctuations, precise DC bus voltage regulation for generation and load disturbances, improved grid power quality under nonlinear load and transition conditions. The performance of the proposed method for isolated and grid-connected modes is verified using simulation studies in the MATLAB software environment