78,246 research outputs found
Fuzzy logic approach to aggregate production planning and an application
Ä°Ćletmelerde karĆılaĆılan temel karar verme problemlerinden biri BĂŒtĂŒnleĆik Ăretim PlĂąnlaması (BĂP)'dır. BĂP, orta dönemli plĂąnlama kararlarının alınmasında iĆgĂŒcĂŒ dĂŒzeyinin, stok dĂŒzeyinin, normal ve fazla mesai ĂŒretim miktarlarının, ertelenen sipariĆ miktarlarının ve taĆeron gereksiniminin bir bĂŒtĂŒn olarak deÄerlendirilmesini ve dengelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Ancak, deÄiĆen çevre koĆulları altında talepler, mevcut kaynaklar, kapasiteler ve ilgili ĂŒretim maliyetleri gibi parametreler çoÄunlukla belirsizdir. Bu nedenle, BĂP problemlerinde verilerin deterministik deÄil de stokastik veya bulanık olarak alınması gerekmektedir. Bu çalıĆmada, gerçek hayatın özelliklerini yansıtabilen, belirsizliklerini göz ardı etmeyen ve karar verici ile çözĂŒm sĂŒreci boyunca etkileĆerek onun da karar sĂŒrecine katılımını saÄlayan çok amaçlı, çok ĂŒrĂŒnlĂŒ ve çok dönemli bulanık bir BĂP problemi dikkate alınmıĆtır. Problemin çözĂŒmĂŒ için bir EtkileĆimli Olabilirlikçi DoÄrusal Programlama (EODP) modeli önerilmiĆtir. Ănerilen modelin gerçek hayatta uygulanabilirliÄini göstermek için Denizli ilinde faaliyet gösteren bir tekstil iĆletmesinin konfeksiyon bölĂŒmĂŒ ele alınarak bu bölĂŒmĂŒn bĂŒtĂŒnleĆik ĂŒretim plĂąnı hazırlanmıĆtır. Modelin etkileĆimli yapısı, ele alınan sistemle ilgili olarak karar vericinin daha iyi çözĂŒmlere ulaĆmayı öÄrenebildiÄi bir öÄrenme sĂŒreci ve kendi tercihlerine dayanan etkin bir çözĂŒm saÄlamıĆtır. Dolayısıyla, gerçek hayatta karĆılaĆılan ve belirsizlikler içeren BĂP problemlerinin çözĂŒmĂŒnde, bulanık mantıÄın gerçeÄe, insanın dĂŒĆĂŒnce ve karar verme mekanizmasına daha yakın sonuçlar verdiÄi yapılan bu uygulama ile ortaya konmuĆtur.One of the main decision making problems in firms is Aggregate Production Planning (APP). APP aims at evaluating and balancing the work force level, inventory level, regular and overtime production quantities, backordering levels and subcontract requirement as a whole in the process of taking planning decisions over an intermediate time horizon. However, under the changing environmental conditions, parameters such as demands, available resources, capacities and related production costs are often uncertain. Therefore, the data in APP problems should be taken as stochastic or fuzzy rather than deterministic. In this study, a multi-objective, multi-product and multi-period fuzzy APP problem that is able to reflect real-world features and which does not ignore its uncertainties and ensures decision makers? participation in decision making process by interacting with them during the solution process, has been considered. In order to solve this problem, an Interactive Possibilistic Linear Programming (i-PLP) model has been proposed. By examining the confection department of a textile company operating in Denizli, an aggregate production plan for this department has been prepared in order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model in real life. Interactive structure of the model has provided a learning process about the system that the decision makers can learn to achieve better solutions and an efficient solution according to their own preferences. Therefore, with this application it has been revealed that the fuzzy logic provides results closer to reality, human thought and decision-making mechanism for solving APP problems encountered in real life and including uncertainties
Multi crteria decision making and its applications : a literature review
This paper presents current techniques used in Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) and their applications. Two basic approaches for MCDM, namely Artificial Intelligence MCDM (AIMCDM) and Classical MCDM (CMCDM) are discussed and investigated. Recent articles from international journals related to MCDM are collected and analyzed to find which approach is more common than the other in MCDM. Also, which area these techniques are applied to. Those articles are appearing in journals for the year 2008 only. This paper provides evidence that currently, both AIMCDM and CMCDM are equally common in MCDM
AI and OR in management of operations: history and trends
The last decade has seen a considerable growth in the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for operations management with the aim of finding solutions to problems that are increasing in complexity and scale. This paper begins by setting the context for the survey through a historical perspective of OR and AI. An extensive survey of applications of AI techniques for operations management, covering a total of over 1200 papers published from 1995 to 2004 is then presented. The survey utilizes Elsevier's ScienceDirect database as a source. Hence, the survey may not cover all the relevant journals but includes a sufficiently wide range of publications to make it representative of the research in the field. The papers are categorized into four areas of operations management: (a) design, (b) scheduling, (c) process planning and control and (d) quality, maintenance and fault diagnosis. Each of the four areas is categorized in terms of the AI techniques used: genetic algorithms, case-based reasoning, knowledge-based systems, fuzzy logic and hybrid techniques. The trends over the last decade are identified, discussed with respect to expected trends and directions for future work suggested
Intelligent systems in manufacturing: current developments and future prospects
Global competition and rapidly changing customer requirements are demanding increasing changes in manufacturing environments. Enterprises are required to constantly redesign their products and continuously reconfigure their manufacturing systems. Traditional approaches to manufacturing systems do not fully satisfy this new situation. Many authors have proposed that artificial intelligence will bring the flexibility and efficiency needed by manufacturing systems. This paper is a review of artificial intelligence techniques used in manufacturing systems. The paper first defines the components of a simplified intelligent manufacturing systems (IMS), the different Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to be considered and then shows how these AI techniques are used for the components of IMS
A framework for the selection of the right nuclear power plant
Civil nuclear reactors are used for the production of electrical energy. In the nuclear industry vendors propose several nuclear reactor designs with a size from 35â45âMWe up to 1600â1700âMWe. The choice of the right design is a multidimensional problem since a utility has to include not only financial factors as levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) and internal rate of return (IRR), but also the so called âexternal factorsâ like the required spinning reserve, the impact on local industry and the social acceptability. Therefore it is necessary to balance advantages and disadvantages of each design during the entire life cycle of the plant, usually 40â60 years. In the scientific literature there are several techniques for solving this multidimensional problem. Unfortunately it does not seem possible to apply these methodologies as they are, since the problem is too complex and it is difficult to provide consistent and trustworthy expert judgments. This paper fills the gap, proposing a two-step framework to choosing the best nuclear reactor at the pre-feasibility study phase. The paper shows in detail how to use the methodology, comparing the choice of a small-medium reactor (SMR) with a large reactor (LR), characterised, according to the International Atomic Energy Agency (2006), by an electrical output respectively lower and higher than 700âMWe
Improving the quality of the industrial enterprise management based on the network-centric approach
The article examines the network-centric approach to the industrial enterprise management to improve the ef ciency and effectiveness in the implementation of production plans and maximize responsiveness to customers. A network-centric management means the decentralized enterprise group management. A group means a set of enterprise divisions, which should solve by joint efforts a certain case that occurs in the production process. The network-centric management involves more delegation of authority to the lower elements of the enterpriseâs organizational structure. The industrial enterprise is considered as a large complex system (production system) functioning and controlled amidst various types of uncertainty: information support uncertainty and goal uncertainty or multicriteria uncertainty. The information support uncertainty occurs because the complex system functioning always takes place in the context of incomplete and fuzzy information. Goal uncertainty or multicriteria uncertainty caused by a great number of goalsestablished for the production system. The network-centric management task de nition by the production system is formulated. The authors offer a mathematical model for optimal planning of consumersâ orders production with the participation of the main enterprise divisions. The methods of formalization of various types of uncertainty in production planning tasks are considered on the basis of the application of the fuzzy sets theory. An enterprise command center is offered as an effective tool for making management decisions by divisions. The article demonstrates that decentralized group management methods can improve the ef ciency and effectiveness of the implementation of production plans through the self-organization mechanisms of enterprise divisions.The work has been prepared with the financial support from the Russian Ministry of Education and Science (Contract No. 02.G25.31.0068 of 23.05.2013 as part of the measure to implement Decision of the Russian Government No. 218)
A reusable iterative optimization software library to solve combinatorial problems with approximate reasoning
Real world combinatorial optimization problems such as scheduling are
typically too complex to solve with exact methods. Additionally, the problems
often have to observe vaguely specified constraints of different importance,
the available data may be uncertain, and compromises between antagonistic
criteria may be necessary. We present a combination of approximate reasoning
based constraints and iterative optimization based heuristics that help to
model and solve such problems in a framework of C++ software libraries called
StarFLIP++. While initially developed to schedule continuous caster units in
steel plants, we present in this paper results from reusing the library
components in a shift scheduling system for the workforce of an industrial
production plant.Comment: 33 pages, 9 figures; for a project overview see
http://www.dbai.tuwien.ac.at/proj/StarFLIP
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Decision support for build-to-order supply chain management through multiobjective optimization
This paper aims to identify the gaps in decision-making support based on
multiobjective optimization for build-to-order supply chain management (BTOSCM).
To this end, it reviews the literature available on modelling build-to-order
supply chains (BTO-SC) with the focus on adopting multiobjective optimization
(MOO) techniques as a decision support tool. The literature has been classified based
on the nature of the decisions in different part of the supply chain, and the key
decision areas across a typical BTO-SC are discussed in detail. Available software
packages suitable for supporting decision making in BTO supply chains are also
identified and their related solutions are outlined. The gap between the modelling and
optimization techniques developed in the literature and the decision support needed in
practice are highlighted and future research directions to better exploit the decision
support capabilities of MOO are proposed
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