The Lifeworld in the Library\u27s Backroom: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study of the Cataloguer\u27s Lived Experience of Aboutness Determination

This research is interested in the cataloguer\u27s lived experience of aboutness determination. Aboutness determination, a part of subject cataloguing where the cataloguer attempts to identify the subject matter of a resource, is a process often taken for granted and largely neglected by the library community. Yet, aboutness determination is an essential stage in subject cataloguing worthy of greater attention. There is a need for a deeper understanding of the cataloguer\u27s relatedness to the resource in aboutness determination. This hermeneutic phenomenological study examines the lifeworld of three professional cataloguers. Through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and through talk-aloud analysis of resources, the interpreted findings provide access to the lived experience of cataloguers in aboutness determination, thus providing insight into this phenomenon. What is revealed is that aboutness determination involves a variable encounter, predisposed by systems and structures, in which the cataloguer acts as an intermediate agent in consideration of the resource and the user. The signification of this understanding is thoughtfulness. It is to give heed to the experience as it is, and to illuminate the essential qualities of that experience so that it may be understood more fully

Enlightened Romanticism: Mary Gartside’s colour theory in the age of Moses Harris, Goethe and George Field

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the work of Mary Gartside, a British female colour theorist, active in London between 1781 and 1808. She published three books between 1805 and 1808. In chronological and intellectual terms Gartside can cautiously be regarded an exemplary link between Moses Harris, who published a short but important theory of colour in the second half of the eighteenth century, and J.W. von Goethe’s highly influential Zur Farbenlehre, published in Germany in 1810. Gartside’s colour theory was published privately under the disguise of a traditional water colouring manual, illustrated with stunning abstract colour blots (see example above). Until well into the twentieth century, she remained the only woman known to have published a theory of colour. In contrast to Goethe and other colour theorists in the late 18th and early 19th century Gartside was less inclined to follow the anti-Newtonian attitudes of the Romantic movement

Focus, Word Order and Intonation in Hindi

A production study is presented that investigates the effects of word order and information structural context on the prosodic realization of declarative sentences in Hindi. Previous work on Hindi intonation has shown that: (i) non-final content words bear rising pitch accents (Moore 1965, Dyrud 2001, Nair 1999); (ii) focused constituents show greater pitch excursion and longer duration and that post-focal material undergoes pitch range reduction (Moore 1965, Harnsberger 1994, Harnsberger and Judge 1996); and (iii) focused constituents may be followed by a phrase break (Moore 1965). By means of a controlled experiment, we investigated the effect of focus in relation to word order variation using 1200 utterances produced by 20 speakers. Fundamental frequency (F0) and duration of constituents were measured in Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) and Object-Subject-Verb (OSV) sentences in different information structural conditions (wide focus, subject focus and object focus). The analyses indicate  that (i) regardless of word order and focus, the constituents are in a strict downstep relationship; (ii) focus is mainly characterized by post-focal pitch range reduction rather than pitch raising of the element in focus; (iii) given expressions that occur pre-focally appear to undergo no reduction; (iv) pitch excursion and duration of the constituents is higher in OSV compared to SOV sentences. A phonological analysis suggests that focus affects pitch scaling and that word order influences prosodic phrasing of the constituents

Treatment of Georeferencing in Knowledge Organization Systems: North American Contributions to Integrated Georeferencing

Recent research projects in North America that have advanced the integration of formal mathematical georeferencing and informal placename georeferencing in knowledge organization systems are described and related to visualization applications

Práticas bem legais : uma análise de termos-chave em uma revista de formação de professores

The Bem Legal Journal (BLJ) serves as a developmental platform for pre-and in-service teachers (Welp et al., 2020) to develop their identity as teacher-author-educators (Garcez & Schlatter, 2017) while improving language teaching. The purpose of this study is toidentify the topics covered in BLJ articles through the extraction of key multi-word terms (KMWT), a type of keyword that consists of two or more words and appears more frequently in the corpus of study when contrasted to a reference corpus (Kilgarriff etal., 2014). The corpus of study comprises all English-written BLJ articles, while The Warwick ELT Journal serves as the reference corpus. The Keyword & Term tool in Sketch Engine (Kilgarriff et al., 2014) was used to extract KMWT and the Concordance tool aided in understanding their meanings in the corpus of study. The analysis of the 95 KMWT extracted revealed seven categories. Project-based pedagogy emerged as the main theme in the articles that constitute the corpus, being the category with the largest number of KMWT. This study sheds light on the topics and teaching approaches covered in BLJ and offers insights for language educators seeking to enhance their professional development.A Revista Bem Legal (BLJ) serve como uma plataforma de desenvolvimento para professores em formação e em serviço (Welpet al., 2020) visando desenvolver sua identidade como professores-autores-formadores (Garcez; Schlatter, 2017), buscando aprimorar o ensino de línguas. Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar os temas abordados nos artigos da BLJ por meio da extração determos-chave multipalavra (KMWT), um tipo de palavra-chave formada por duas ou mais palavras e que ocorre com maior frequência no corpus de estudo quando contrastado ao corpus de referência (Kilgarriff et al., 2014). O corpus de estudo compreende todos osartigos da BLJ escritos em inglês, enquanto a Revista The Warwick ELT compõe o corpus de referência. A ferramenta Keyword & Term no Sketch Engine (Kilgarriff et al., 2014) foi utilizada para extrair os KMWT e a ferramenta Concordance auxiliou na compreensão de seus significados no corpus de estudo. A análise dos 95 KMWT extraídos revelou sete categorias. A pedagogia baseada em projetos emergiu como o principal tema tratado nos artigos que compõem o corpus, se configurando como a categoria com o maior número de KMWT. Este estudo lança luz sobre os tópicos e abordagens de ensino abordados no BLJ e pode servir como fonte de estudo e pesquisa para educadores de línguas que buscam aprimorar seu desenvolvimento profissional

Stretching the Vitruvian Man: Investigating Affective and Representational Arts-based Methodologies Towards Theorizing a More Humanistic Model of Medicine

Westernized medicine can be said to illustrate its history and structure, as well as its current understanding of the capacity and appearance of the human through its visual representations of the body. Scientific images, this paper argues, become a site for interrogating the tangle of idealism, truth, objectivity and knowledge in how knowledge is actively used, replicated, paralleled and otherwise functions. First, asking how depictions of the medicalized body inform the epistemological foundations of medicine, and to what end, this work opens up the question of methodology, arguing that the integration of the modes of arts-based practices can bring medicine toward a much more realistic picture of the world. A parallel argument is a similarly concentrated interrogation of the affective quality of arts-based methodology, which is commonly understood to be the nucleus of work on the political dimensions of non-representational theory. I complicate the dominant scholarly preference for an ontologically rooted affect theory, finding it theoretically non-viable for art and humanistic medicine by thinking through subjectivity, autobiographical accounts of illness and epistemological flexibility. I see a path forward using a biologically and evolutionarily rooted affect theory, noting the ethical implications of its differences for a humanistic approach to medicine

Using Web Archives to Enrich the Live Web Experience Through Storytelling

Much of our cultural discourse occurs primarily on the Web. Thus, Web preservation is a fundamental precondition for multiple disciplines. Archiving Web pages into themed collections is a method for ensuring these resources are available for posterity. Services such as Archive-It exists to allow institutions to develop, curate, and preserve collections of Web resources. Understanding the contents and boundaries of these archived collections is a challenge for most people, resulting in the paradox of the larger the collection, the harder it is to understand. Meanwhile, as the sheer volume of data grows on the Web, storytelling is becoming a popular technique in social media for selecting Web resources to support a particular narrative or story . In this dissertation, we address the problem of understanding the archived collections through proposing the Dark and Stormy Archive (DSA) framework, in which we integrate storytelling social media and Web archives. In the DSA framework, we identify, evaluate, and select candidate Web pages from archived collections that summarize the holdings of these collections, arrange them in chronological order, and then visualize these pages using tools that users already are familiar with, such as Storify. To inform our work of generating stories from archived collections, we start by building a baseline for the structural characteristics of popular (i.e., receiving the most views) human-generated stories through investigating stories from Storify. Furthermore, we checked the entire population of Archive-It collections for better understanding the characteristics of the collections we intend to summarize. We then filter off-topic pages from the collections the using different methods to detect when an archived page in a collection has gone off-topic. We created a gold standard dataset from three Archive-It collections to evaluate the proposed methods at different thresholds. From the gold standard dataset, we identified five behaviors for the TimeMaps (a list of archived copies of a page) based on the page’s aboutness. Based on a dynamic slicing algorithm, we divide the collection and cluster the pages in each slice. We then select the best representative page from each cluster based on different quality metrics (e.g., the replay quality, and the quality of the generated snippet from the page). At the end, we put the selected pages in chronological order and visualize them using Storify. For evaluating the DSA framework, we obtained a ground truth dataset of hand-crafted stories from Archive-It collections generated by expert archivists. We used Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to evaluate the automatically generated stories against the stories that were created by domain experts. The results show that the automatically generated stories by the DSA are indistinguishable from those created by human subject domain experts, while at the same time both kinds of stories (automatic and human) are easily distinguished from randomly generated storie

Volume 32, Number 4, December 2012 OLAC Newsletter

Digitized December 2012 issue of the OLAC Newsletter