33 research outputs found

    CERNAS: Current Evolution and Research Novelty in Agricultural Sustainability

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    Climate changes pose overwhelming impacts on primary production and, consequently, on agricultural and animal farming. Additionally, at present, agriculture still depends strongly on fossil fuels both for energy and production factors ,such as synthetized inorganic fertilizers and harmful chemicals such as pesticides. The need to feed the growing world population poses many challenges. The need to reduce environmental impacts to a minimum, maintain healthy ecosystems, and improve soil microbiota are central to ensuring a promising future for coming generations. Livestock production under cover crop systems helps to alleviate compaction so that oxygen and water can sufficiently flow in the soil, add organic matter, and help hold soil in place, reducing crusting and protecting against erosion. The use of organic plant production practices allied to the control of substances used in agriculture also decisively contributes to alleviating the pressure on ecosystems. Some of the goals of this new decade are to use enhanced sustainable production methodologies to improve the input/output ratios of primary production, reduce environmental impacts, and rely on new innovative technologies. This reprint addresses original studies and reviews focused on the current evolution and research novelty in agricultural sustainability. New developments are discussed on issues related to quality of soil, natural fertilizers, or the sustainable use of land and water. Also, crop protection techniques are pivotal for sustainable food production under the challenges of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, allied to innovative weed control methodologies as a way to reduce the utilization of pesticides. The role of precision and smart agriculture is becoming more pertinent as communication technologies improve at a rapid rate. Waste management, reuse of agro-industrial residues, extension of shelf life, and use of new technologies are ways to reduce food waste, all contributing to higher sustainability in food supply chains, leading to a more rational use of natural resources. The unquestionable role of bees as pollinators and contributors to biodiversity is adjacent to characterizing beekeeping activities, which in turn contributes, together with the valorization of endemic varieties of plant foods, to the development of local communities. Finally, the short circuits and local food markets have a decisive role in the preservation and enhancement of rural economies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    CERNAS – Current Evolution and Research Novelty in Agricultural Sustainability

    Get PDF
    This book addresses original studies and reviews focused on the current evolution and research novelty in agricultural sustainability. New developments are discussed on issues related with quality of soil, natural fertilizers or the sustainable use of land and water. Also crop protection techniques are pivotal for the sustainable food production under the challenges of the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, allied to innovative weed control methodologies, as a way to reduce the utilization of pesticides. The role of precision and smart agriculture is becoming more pertinent as the communication technologies improve at a high rate. Waste management, reuse of agro industrial residues, extension of shelf life and use of new technologies are ways to reduce food waste, all contributing to a higher sustainability of the food supply chains, leading to a more rational use of natural resources. The unquestionable role of bees as pollinators and contributors for biodiversity is subjacent to the work of characterization of beekeeping activities, which in turn contribute, together with the valorization of endemic varieties of plant foods, for the development of local communities. Finally, the short circuits and local food markets have a decisive role in the preservation and enhancement of rural economies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Review of Particle Physics

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    The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,143 new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Machine Learning, and one on Spectroscopy of Light Meson Resonances. The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 97 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 23 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings. The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print, as a web version optimized for use on phones, and as an Android app.United States Department of Energy (DOE) DE-AC02-05CH11231government of Japan (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology)Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)Physical Society of Japan (JPS)European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN)United States Department of Energy (DOE

    Review of Particle Physics

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    The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,143 new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Machine Learning, and one on Spectroscopy of Light Meson Resonances. The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 97 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 23 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings. The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print, as a web version optimized for use on phones, and as an Android app

    Review of Particle Physics

    Get PDF
    The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,143 new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Machine Learning, and one on Spectroscopy of Light Meson Resonances. The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 97 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 23 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings

    Systems Engineering

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    The book "Systems Engineering: Practice and Theory" is a collection of articles written by developers and researches from all around the globe. Mostly they present methodologies for separate Systems Engineering processes; others consider issues of adjacent knowledge areas and sub-areas that significantly contribute to systems development, operation, and maintenance. Case studies include aircraft, spacecrafts, and space systems development, post-analysis of data collected during operation of large systems etc. Important issues related to "bottlenecks" of Systems Engineering, such as complexity, reliability, and safety of different kinds of systems, creation, operation and maintenance of services, system-human communication, and management tasks done during system projects are addressed in the collection. This book is for people who are interested in the modern state of the Systems Engineering knowledge area and for systems engineers involved in different activities of the area. Some articles may be a valuable source for university lecturers and students; most of case studies can be directly used in Systems Engineering courses as illustrative materials

    Draw My Life: An analysis of the quantity and typology of emotional linguistic content in self-identified female and male YouTubers’ life narratives

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    La presente investigaciĂłn tiene como objetivo determinar similitudes y diferencias en la cantidad y tipologĂ­a de expresiones relacionadas con la emociĂłn – referencias tanto implĂ­citas como explĂ­citas a “feelings, moods and all kinds of affective experience” [sentimientos, estados de ĂĄnimo y todo tipo de experiencias afectivas] (Mackenzie y Alba-Juez, 2019, p. 15) – de 100 personas autoidentificadas como mujeres (con un corpus de 248.613 palabras en total) y 100 personas autoidentificadas como hombres (con un corpus de 227.979 palabras en total) en sus vĂ­deos autobiogrĂĄficos dentro del gĂ©nero Draw My Life de YouTube. El proyecto se sustenta en la nociĂłn de Lutz (1990, p. 151) de que “any discourse on emotion is also, at least implicitly, a discourse on gender” [cualquier discurso sobre la emociĂłn es tambiĂ©n, al menos implĂ­citamente, un discurso sobre gĂ©nero], con frecuentes suposiciones en investigaciones previas sobre las expectativas sociales relacionadas con la “greater emotional expressivity” [mayor expresividad emocional] de las mujeres (Chaplin, 2015, p. 14) y la “restrictive emotionality” [emocionalidad restrictiva] de los hombres (O’Neil, Good, & Holmes, 1995, p. 176). Con el objetivo de obtener datos completos y fiables sobre las expresiones relacionadas con las emociones de los YouTubers femeninos y masculinos, el estudio combina mĂ©todos de investigaciĂłn cuantitativos y cualitativos que se basan en varias herramientas computerizadas, asĂ­ como en procesos de anotaciĂłn manual. En particular, se adopta un marco de anĂĄlisis crĂ­tico del discurso basado en corpus, motivado por la suposiciĂłn de Baker et al. (2008, p. 227) de que las investigaciones de LingĂŒĂ­stica de Corpus “offer the researcher a reasonably high degree of objectivity; that is, they enable the researcher to approach the texts (or text surface) (relatively) free from any preconceived or existing notions regarding their linguistic or semantic/pragmatic content” [ofrecen al investigador un grado razonablemente alto de objetividad; es decir, permiten al investigador acercarse a los textos (o la superficie del texto) (relativamente) libre de cualquier nociĂłn preconcebida o existente sobre su contenido lingĂŒĂ­stico o semĂĄntico/ pragmĂĄtico]. El trabajo se enmarca dentro del dominio de los Estudios de Discurso Asistidos por Corpus, definido por Partington, Duguid y Taylor (2013, p. 10) como “that set of studies into the form and/or function of language which incorporate the use of computerised corpora in their analysis” [ese conjunto de estudios sobre la forma y/o la funciĂłn del lenguaje que incorporan el uso de corpus informatizados en su anĂĄlisis”]. Las herramientas informĂĄticas especĂ­ficas que se utilizan en el anĂĄlisis de los datos de Draw My Life relacionados con sentimientos/emociones son Lingmotif, LIWC2015 (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count) y Wmatrix4

    Suulise tÔlke areng Eesti riikluse kujunemisel

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    VĂ€itekiri on esimene terviklik uurimus suulise tĂ”lke arengu ajaloost Eestis, hĂ”lmates kahte perioodi: iseseisvat Eesti Vabariiki (1918–1940), ja NĂ”ukogude Eestit (1944–1991). Autori tĂ”estab, et tĂ”lkimist on kasutatud riigi toimimise esimestest pĂ€evadest alates, hoolimata murrangulistest poliitilistest, majanduslikest ja ĂŒhiskondlikest sĂŒndmustest. VĂ€itekiri annab pĂ”hjaliku ĂŒlevaate suulise tĂ”lke erisustest eri perioodidel, esitab varaseid fakte jĂ€rel- ja sĂŒnkroontĂ”lke ning varaseimate dateeritud tĂ”lgi kasutamiste kohta Eesti Vabariigis. Suulise tĂ”lke uurimist raskendab aga terminoloogiline segadus: sageli ei tehta vahet mĂ”istetel tĂ”lk ja tĂ”lkija. Audiovisuaalsed ja dokumentaalsed allikad, mĂ€lestused, arhiividokumendid, ajalehed ja ĂŒlemnĂ”ukogu istungite stenogrammid vĂ”imaldasid koguda usaldusvÀÀrse andmestiku. Autor leidis tĂ”lkimise kohta sĂ”jaeelsest perioodist 364 ajaleheartiklit: 278 artiklis oli mainitud tĂ”lkimist Eestis ja 86 artiklis vĂ€lismaal. Aastate 1944–1991 kohta kogus autor 145 filmikroonikalĂ”iku ja 524 fotot, mis tĂ”endasid suulist tĂ”lkimist nĂ”ukogude perioodil ning intervjueeris 69 tĂ”lki ja tĂ”lke vĂ€rvanud ning tĂ”lget kasutanud inimest. Juba riikluse kujunemise algul, Venemaaga peetud lĂ€birÀÀkimistel kasutati Eesti Vabariigi riigikeelt koos tĂ”lkega vene keelde. Laiendades Pierre Bourdieu sĂŒmboolse kapitali mĂ”istet ĂŒksikisikult riigile, nĂ€itab autor, et eesti keele kasutamine oli otseselt seotud riigi prestiiĆŸiga ning osutas riigi sĂŒmboolse kapitali kasvule. Diplomaatilist tĂ”lget kĂ€sitletakse kui mĂ”jufaktoreid riigi sĂŒmboolse kapitali akumuleerimisel. Peale teist maailmasĂ”da muutus Eestis mitte ainult riigikord, vaid ka keelekeskkond. Muutused ĂŒhiskonnas avaldasid mĂ”ju ka suulisele tĂ”lkele: suuline tĂ”lge eesti keelest vene keelde vĂ”imaldas jĂ€tkata eesti keele kasutamist ka avalikel ametlikel ĂŒritustel, ajal, mil vene keelt suruti peale rahvastevahelise suhtluse keelena. Autor kĂ€sitleb suulist tĂ”lget kui eesti keele kasutamist domineeriva vÔÔrkeele keskkonnas.The present dissertation is the first to explore the evolution of interpreting in the Republic of Estonia over two different periods: the Republic of Estonia (1918–1940) and Soviet Estonia (1944–1991). The author provides factual evidence that interpreting has been used in Estonia, despite different political orders and throughout periods of profound political, economic and social transformation. The research provides a comprehensive overview on interpretation in Estonia, maps the factual evidence, identifies interpreters and finds the potentially earliest cases (since independence in 1918) of consecutive and simultaneous interpretation in the country. The authentic material gathered comprises archival, audiovisual and documentary sources, memoirs, 69 interviews, newspapers and verbatim reports. To cover the first period the author’s search yielded 364 newspaper articles: 278 referred to interpretation being used in Estonia and 86 informed readers about international events. For the second period, 145 film clips and 524 photos retrieved are informative. This dissertation is, to the author's knowledge, the first to associate interpreting in Estonia with the creation of symbolic capital for the state. Expanding upon Pierre Bourdieu’s approach to symbolic capital, the author applied it not just to individuals but to states. The use of the state language (and interpretation) was directly linked with the prestige of the state and enhanced the state’s symbolic capital. After World War II not only the political order but also the linguistic environment changed in Estonia, and with an influx of Russian-speaking population there was obviously the need to ensure communication between the two population groups. In post-war Estonia the use of interpreting became highly contextualized: the dominant Soviet ideology aimed at expanding the use of Russian, whereas interpreting into Russian allowed Estonian to be used in the conference room, as well
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