4,779 research outputs found

    Employing auxiliary natural lighting systems within the elements of traditional buildings: A special study on employing one of the auxiliary lighting techniques within one of the elements of a mosque in the ancient urban fabric

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    Technological development is considered one of the most important influences that contributed to the change of some design elements (formal and functional), both or each. Among these elements is the minaret. This was evident in the old urban fabric, and because of the existence of other basic reasons in the traditional fabric, including the increase in the population of the weaving area, which led to the dispensation of the inner courtyard. It had changed from an element that has a shape and function to an element that has a shape only, to indicate the presence of a mosque this was evident in the old urban fabric .Due to the presence of other essential causes in the traditional fabric like the increase in population among the inhabitants of the fabric which led to neglecting the internal area , moreover climate change led to the use of window openings as outlets for air conditioning instruments ,the researcher employed the minaret to enable sunlight inter the inner space of the mosque (prayer space) due to the importance of natural sunlight effect on people's psychological and physiological health . This research was conducted in a clear sky of Babil province for latitude of (32.8) north, small samples were made measuring 1:20 for the minaret and the mosque space, a device for measuring the sunlight amount (Multi-Function Environment Meter 4IN1) was used . Results showed an increase in natural sunlight reflected inside the space of the mosque. This study came out with the following recommendations, the importance of employing the archeological elements which their functions were altered by technological growth to enhance the internal environment with the finding of solutions to the amount of harmony in distributing sunlight (distributing natural sunlight harmoniously

    Efekat savremenih gradjevinskih sistema i materijala na funkcionalne i estetske performanse enterijera na modelskom primeru restorana

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    Arhitektura je majka umetnosti i ona je u najvećem kontaktu sa čovekom, arhitektura sadrži ljudski život u različitim oblicima. Zbog toga arhitektonska dela moraju da obezbede odgovarajuće funkcionalne prostore za obavljanje određene aktivnosti, a arhitektonski prostor je važan i osnovni alat, koji omogućuje korisniku da postigne željeni efekat. Da biste analizirali arhitektonsku prazninu i njene komponente, možete se pozvati na inženjerski nivo ovog dela (građevinski materijali, građevinski sistemi, prostorne proporcije, blokovi, otvori,) i proučite efekat svakog od ovih nivoa na formiranje arhitektonske praznine i na njegov odnos prema ostatku prostora u jednom bloku. Arhitektonski prostor postiže se obezbeđivanjem odgovarajućih građevinskih materijala i njihovom upotrebom za formiranje strukture u uravnoteženim, koordinisanim blokovima, uz pojačanje prostora funkcionalnim i estetski odgovarajućom konstrukcijom za uspostavljanje uravnoteženog strukturnog sistema koji je efikasan u formiranju prostora. Ovo moderno istraživanje bavi se savremenim građevinskim sistemima i materijalima i njihovim funkcionalnim i estetskim uticajem na arhitektonske prostore, a ima za cilj da identifikuje građevinske materijale i sisteme, njihov funkcionalni i estetski uticaj na arhitektonskeprostore. Što se tiče istraživačkog problema, istraživanje pokušava da odgovori na sledeće pitanje: Da li savremeni građevinski sistemi i materijali utiču na arhitektonsku prazninu uopšte i na korisnike arhitektonskih prostora i da li ovi sistemi i materijali igraju značajnu ulogu u poboljšanju kvaliteta arhitektonskog prostora i samim tim uspeh ili neuspeh prostora? Studija je zaključena sa nizom rezultata, od kojih je najvažniji da su savremeni građevinski sistemi i materijali suštinski deo uspešnog arhitektonskog dizajna i da na izborsavremenih građevinskih sistema i materijala utiče niz faktora, od kojih je najvažniji funkcionalni i estetski faktor

    Вшанування пам’яті Тараса Шевченка на Придніпров’ї в 1885–1914 роках

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    The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that its study deepens the understanding of the insufficiently developed problem of commemorating the historical memory of Taras Shevchenko – a symbolic figure of the national progress of Ukraine in the struggle for social and national freedom. Revealing the theme of honoring the memory of an extraordinary poet, artist and thinker in the Dnieper region is important for understanding the support in the last decades of the 19th and early 20th centuries in this region of Steppe Ukraine the freedom-loving traditions of the Ukrainian people. The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the process of honoring the historical memory of Taras Shevchenko in the Dnieper region in 1885–1914 in the context of Ukrainian nation-building. The results of the article are that based on the study of archival and published documents, press materials, epistolaries and memories, the main stages of the mentioned process are traced, various forms and methods are shown in the matter of preserving the historical memory of Taras Shevchenko among different layers of townspeople and peasants in particular, folk readings, literary and vocal evenings, concerts, lectures, reports, essays, memorial services, collection of documentary materials about Kobzar, their museification, popularization of his name in the press, collection of funds for the construction of a monument to the great Ukrainian poet in Kyiv, perpetuation of the name in the toponymy of settlements. It was found that such events as the 50th anniversary of Kobzar's death in 1911 and the 100th anniversary of his birth in 1914 were especially widely celebrated. It was found that the Russian imperial regime resorted to administrative, police and censorship bans in an attempt to counteract public events in honor of T. G. Shevchenko but could not stop the progress of Ukrainian nation-building. The originality and scientific novelty of the article in the production and development of an insufficiently researched plot from historical Shevchenko studies, updating of various primary source material. Conclusions have been made regarding the stages, different forms and methods of activity in the commemoration of T.G. Shevchenko, which contributed to the establishment of national consciousness and national consolidation among different strata of Ukrainians.Актуальність теми полягає в тому, що її вивчення поглиблює уявлення про недостатньо розроблену проблему вшанування історичної пам’яті Тараса Шевченка – знакової постаті національного поступу українства в боротьбі за соціальну та національну свободу. Розкриття теми вшанування на Придніпров’ї пам’яті непересічного поета, художника та мислителя важливе для усвідомлення підтримки в останні десятиліття ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. в цьому регіоні Степової України волелюбних традицій українського народу. Метою дослідження є реконструкція процесу вшанування історичної пам’яті Тараса Шевченка на Придніпров’ї в 1885–1914 рр. у контексті українського націотворення. Результати статті полягають в тому, що на основі вивчення архівних та опублікованих документів, матеріалів преси, епістоляріїв та спогадів, простежено основні етапи зазначеного процесу, показано різноманітні форми та методи у справі збереження історичної пам’яті про Тараса Шевченка серед різних верств містян та селян, зокрема народні читання, літературно-вокальні вечори, концерти, лекції, доповіді, реферати, меморіальні панахиди, збір документальних матеріалів про Кобзаря, їх музеєфікація, популяризація його імені в преси, збір коштів на будівництво пам’ятника великому українському поету в Києві, увічнення імені в топоніміці населених пунктів. Встановлено, що особливо широко відзначалися такі події, як 50-річчя смерті Кобзаря в 1911 р. та 100-річчя від дня його народження в 1914 р. З’ясовано, що російський імперський режим вдавався до адміністративних, поліцейських та цензурних заборон, намагаючись протидіяти заходам громадськості на пошану Т. Г. Шевченка, але не зміг зупинити процес поступу українського націотворення. Оригінальність і наукова новизна статті в постановці й розробці недостатньо дослідженого сюжету з історичного шевченкознавства, актуалізації різноманітного першоджерельного матеріалу. Зроблено висновки стосовно етапів, різних форм і методів діяльності у справі вшанування пам’яті Т. Г. Шевченка, які сприяли утвердженню серед різних верств українців національної свідомості та національній консолідації

    The structural invariants of Goursat distributions

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    This is the first of a pair of papers devoted to the local invariants of Goursat distributions. The study of these distributions naturally leads to a tower of spaces over an arbitrary surface, called the monster tower, and thence to connections with the topic of singularities of curves on surfaces. Here we study those invariants of Goursat distributions akin to those of curves on surfaces, which we call structural invariants. In the subsequent paper we will relate these structural invariants to the small-growth invariants.Comment: 35 pages, 6 figure

    The Long Lives of Old Lutes: The Cultural and Material History of the Veneration of Old Musical Instruments

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    This study examines the object biographies of musical instruments and the function of age in the cultural and material history of the lute. It follows the central question of why old instruments were valued more greatly than new ones and what measures had to be executed to adapt the objects to the ever-changing musical style. It traces the lute in its several cultural functions from the 17th to the 19th century: as a musical instrument, as a symbol, as a commodity, and as an object that had to be adapted, repaired, and altered by several generations of lute makers. This interdisciplinary approach uses a broad spectrum of sources from treatises, lute manuals, forewords in printed lute music, and depictions of lutes in literature, poetry, and visual arts to construct a narrative of the appreciation of old musical instruments. It investigates the material changes that were necessary to ensure their continued use by a profound study of more than 100 instruments in public and private collections. The different business models and prices in the trade of lutes are compared and connected to the common knowledge about old instruments and their brand characteristics among lute players. This study employs methods from musicology, organology, material culture studies, acoustics, economics, art history, technology, and digital humanities. This multivalent approach enhances the understanding of the general dynamics of commodities as status symbols, object biographies, and functional objects and connects them to the material and cultural history of objects using the lute as a case study.Die Studie untersucht die Objektbiografien von Musikinstrumenten und die Funktion des Alters für die kulturelle und materielle Geschichte von Lauteninstrumenten. Sie geht der zentralen Frage nach, warum alte Instrumente höher geschätzt wurden als neue und welche Maßnahmen ergriffen werden mussten, um die Objekte an den sich ständig verändernden Musikstil anzupassen. Sie verfolgt die Laute in ihren verschiedenen kulturellen Funktionen vom 17. bis zum 19. Jahrhundert: als Musikinstrument, als Symbol, als Gebrauchsgegenstand und als Objekt, das von mehreren Generationen von Lautenbauern angepasst, repariert und verändert werden musste. Der interdisziplinäre Ansatz nutzt ein breites Spektrum von Quellen wie Traktate, Lautenhandbücher, Vorworte in gedruckter Lautenmusik und Darstellungen von Lauten in Literatur, Poesie und bildender Kunst, um die Geschichte der Wertschätzung alter Musikinstrumente nachzuverfolgen. Anhand einer eingehenden Untersuchung von mehr als 100 Instrumenten in öffentlichen und privaten Sammlungen werden die Eingriffe untersucht, die notwendig waren, um ihre weitere Nutzung zu gewährleisten. Die unterschiedlichen Geschäftsmodelle und Preise im Handel mit Lauten werden verglichen und mit dem Wissensvorrat unter Lautenisten über alte Instrumente und deren Markencharakteristiken in Verbindung gebracht. Die Studie verwendet Methoden aus der Musikwissenschaft, der Organologie, der materiellen Kulturwissenschaft, der Akustik, der Ökonomie, der Kunstgeschichte, der Instrumentenbautechnologie und der Digital Humanities. Der multivalente Ansatz verbessert das Verständnis der allgemeinen Dynamik von Waren als Statussymbole, von Objektbiografien funktionaler Objekte und verbindet sie mit der materiellen und kulturellen Geschichte der Objekte am Beispiel der Laute

    What models of integrity should doctoral schools apply?

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    The counterpart of academic freedom and scientific autonomy is personal and collective responsibility. This responsibility must be based on contractual foundations in relation to the objectives of knowledge. Ensuring scientific integrity therefore requires the institutionalisation of integrity practices, rather than a mechanical incentive to ethical behaviour. This implies first sharing a reference framework with all actors, and then setting up action mechanisms. The following chapter emphasises the importance of initiating integrity procedures in institutions through the certification of doctoral schools: it presents the various types of action to which institutions must respond in the face of possible breaches: guiding principles, involvement of managers, communication, monitoring and control, training, handling of complaints and sanctions

    Multi-criteria decision making with fuzzy TOPSIS:a case study in Bangladesh for selection of facility location

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    Abstract. The choice of an ideal facility location becomes essential as businesses work to streamline their processes and increase efficiency. In this study, the Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method is applied to choose the best facility location for Rokomari.com, a well-known Bangladeshi online book seller. The goal is to compare Fuzzy TOPSIS’ effectiveness and efficiency to expert judgment when choosing a facility location. The research begins by examining the existing fulfillment center of Rokomari.com located in Motijheel, south Dhaka, and the company’s desire to establish a new branch in north Dhaka for faster service expansion. Eleven potential alternatives are evaluated using the Fuzzy TOPSIS method, which incorporates fuzzy set theory to represent criteria values and preferences as fuzzy numbers. This approach enables the consideration of uncertainty and vagueness in decision-making, offering a more comprehensive evaluation of the facility location alternatives. The study incorporates the expert opinion of four managerial experts from Rokomari.com in addition to the Fuzzy TOPSIS analysis. To gain a thorough understanding of the decision-making process, their observations and viewpoints are contrasted with the Fuzzy TOPSIS findings. The study aims to compare the analyses produced by Fuzzy TOPSIS and expert judgment in order to assess the efficacy and efficiency of each method for choosing a facility location. The results of this study offer insightful information about the use of Fuzzy TOPSIS in the context of choosing a facility location. Additionally, it adds to the body of knowledge by contrasting the results of Fuzzy TOPSIS with professional judgment, highlighting the advantages and drawbacks of each method. The outcomes can help decision-makers at Rokomari.com and other comparable organizations choose a facility location in a knowledgeable and efficient manner

    A comparative analysis of good enterprise data management practices:insights from literature and artificial intelligence perspectives for business efficiency and effectiveness

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    Abstract. This thesis presents a comparative analysis of enterprise data management practices based on literature and artificial intelligence (AI) perspectives, focusing on their impact on data quality, business efficiency, and effectiveness. It employs a systematic research methodology comprising of a literature review, an AI-based examination of current practices using ChatGPT, and a comparative analysis of findings. The study highlights the importance of robust data governance, high data quality, data integration, and security, alongside the transformative potential of AI. The limitations revolve around the primarily qualitative nature of the study and potential restrictions in the generalizability of the findings. However, the thesis offers valuable insights and recommendations for enterprises to optimize their data management strategies, underscoring the enhancement potential of AI in traditional practices. The research contributes to scientific discourse in information systems, data science, and business management
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