Finding buying guides with a web carnivore

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Sustainable hunting tourism - business opportunity in Northern areas? Overview of hunting and hunting tourism in four Northern countries: Finland, Sweden, Iceland and Canada

The social sustainability and fluent co-operation with the interest groups is perhaps the most crucial issue related to the development of hunting tourism at the moment. Due to the wide public huntings rights and intensive hunting club ativities in Northern countries, one of the key elements for the success of the hunting tourism company is a good co-operation with the local population and more widely, understanding on the local hunting culture and rights of the local people related to that. Also the ecological sustainability is a core value of hunting tourism. The biological resources set the framework for the enterpreneual activities and e.g. cause the seasonal nature to the activities

A Focused Crawler in order to Get Semantic Web Resources (CSR)

This paper presents a Focused Crawler in order to Get Semantic Web Resources (CSR). Structured data web are available in formats such as Extensible Markup Language (XML), Resource Description Framework (RDF) and Ontology Web Language (OWL) that can be used for processing. One of the main challenges for performing a manual search and download semantic web resources is that this task consumes a lot of time. Our research work propose a focused crawler which allow to download these resources automatically and store them on disk in order to have a collection that will be used for data processing. CRS consists of three layers: (a) The User Interface Layer, (b) The Focus Crawler Layer and (c) The Base Crawler Layer. CSR uses as a selection policie the Shark-Search method. CSR was conducted with two experiments. The first one starts on December 15 2012 at 7:11 am and ends on December 16 2012 at 4:01 were obtained 448,123,537 bytes of data. The CSR ends by itself after to analyze 80,4375 seeds with an unlimited depth. CSR got 16,576 semantic resources files where the 89 % was RDF, the 10 % was XML and the 1% was OWL. The second one was based on the Web Data Commons work of the Research Group Data and Web Science at the University of Mannheim and the Institute AIFB at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. This began at 4:46 am of June 2 2013 and 1:37 am June 9 2013. After 162.51 hours of execution the result was 285,279 semantic resources where predominated the XML resources with 99 % and OWL and RDF with 1 % each one

The SJSU Ecological Footprint Challenge and Its Impacts on Pro-Environmental Behavior

Estimates suggest that humanity requires one-and-a-half Earths to sustainably provide the resources demanded. Observed consequences of this are rising atmospheric carbon, loss of arable land, fishery collapse, drinking water scarcity, and irreparable degradation to the Earth\u27s ecosystems. The ecological footprint is a tool that calculates the amount of land needed to support a population or an individual\u27s level of resource use. The action of calculating an individual\u27s footprint has been shown to improve knowledge about environmental issues, change attitudes about natural resources, and increase understanding about the connection between one\u27s actions and the environment. This research examined the impacts of a sustainability campaign on the pro-environmental behaviors of students, faculty, and staff at San José State University (SJSU) using an online ecological footprint quiz. It involved promotion of the campaign, administering the ecological footprint via an online survey, educational outreach on reducing one\u27s footprint, and measuring reported behavioral change over a seven-month period. An ecological footprint study of this scale using the pre-test and post-test method had not been attempted before. Data collection also included focus groups for investigating why people changed their lifestyles during the study period. On average, participants in the footprint challenge decreased their ecological footprint by 10.3%. By comparison, individuals who attended one of the monthly sustainability lectures reported a 17% decrease in footprin

Lawful Hacking: Using Existing Vulnerabilities for Wiretapping on the Internet

For years, legal wiretapping was straightforward: the officer doing the intercept connected a tape recorder or the like to a single pair of wires. By the 1990s, however, the changing structure of telecommunications—there was no longer just “Ma Bell” to talk to—and new technologies such as ISDN and cellular telephony made executing a wiretap more complicated for law enforcement. Simple technologies would no longer suffice. In response, Congress passed the Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) which mandated a standardized lawful intercept interface on all local phone switches. Since its passage, technology has continued to progress, and in the face of new forms of communication—Skype, voice chat during multiplayer online games, instant messaging, etc.—law enforcement is again experiencing problems. The FBI has called this “Going Dark”: their loss of access to suspects’ communication. According to news reports, law enforcement wants changes to the wiretap laws to require a CALEA-like interface in Internet software. CALEA, though, has its own issues: it is complex software specifically intended to create a security hole—eavesdropping capability—in the already-complex environment of a phone switch. It has unfortunately made wiretapping easier for everyone, not just law enforcement. Congress failed to heed experts’ warnings of the danger posed by this mandated vulnerability, and time has proven the experts right. The so-called “Athens Affair,” where someone used the built-in lawful intercept mechanism to listen to the cell phone calls of high Greek officials, including the Prime Minister, is but one example. In an earlier work, we showed why extending CALEA to the Internet would create very serious problems, including the security problems it has visited on the phone system. In this paper, we explore the viability and implications of an alternative method for addressing law enforcements need to access communications: legalized hacking of target devices through existing vulnerabilities in end-user software and platforms. The FBI already uses this approach on a small scale; we expect that its use will increase, especially as centralized wiretapping capabilities become less viable. Relying on vulnerabilities and hacking poses a large set of legal and policy questions, some practical and some normative. Among these are: (1) Will it create disincentives to patching? (2) Will there be a negative effect on innovation? (Lessons from the so-called “Crypto Wars” of the 1990s, and in particular the debate over export controls on cryptography, are instructive here.) (3) Will law enforcement’s participation in vulnerabilities purchasing skew the market? (4) Do local and even state law enforcement agencies have the technical sophistication to develop and use exploits? If not, how should this be handled? A larger FBI role? (5) Should law enforcement even be participating in a market where many of the sellers and other buyers are themselves criminals? (6) What happens if these tools are captured and repurposed by miscreants? (7) Should we sanction otherwise illegal network activity to aid law enforcement? (8) Is the probability of success from such an approach too low for it to be useful? As we will show, these issues are indeed challenging. We regard the issues raised by using vulnerabilities as, on balance, preferable to adding more complexity and insecurity to online systems

Neighborhood Climate Action Planning Handbook

The City of Portland and Multnomah County are developing new plans and policies to meet greenhouse gas reduction goals of 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. To meet these new steep reduction targets, actions will be needed at every level of society. While neighborhoods have historically received little attention as a means of addressing climate change, they are ideally suited to bring people together to bridge the gap between individual actions and higher level government policies. To help neighborhoods develop strategies and actions to address climate change, C-Change Consultants worked with the Southeast Uplift Neighborhood Coalition to create a Neighborhood Climate Action Planning Handbook. Through the course of developing the Handbook, C-Change consultants found that southeast neighborhoods see taking collective action on climate change as a way to build stronger communities, save money, and increase neighborhood involvement. The Neighborhood Climate Action Planning Handbook features three main sections: a process section that includes various strategies for how neighborhoods can address climate change; an actions section that includes examples of successful projects that neighborhoods can use to reduce their carbon footprint; and an appendix that includes useful tools and resources neighborhoods can use as they move throughout the neighborhood climate action planning process. This project was conducted under the supervision of Sy Adler, Ethan Seltzer, Ellen Basset, and Vivek Shandas

An Examination of Intrinsic Existence Value Towards Wildlife of Columbus Zoo and Aquariums Tourists: Evaluating the Impact of Behind the Scenes Programming

Changes in climate and the corresponding environmental issues are major concerns facing the world today. Human consumption, which is leading the rapid depletion of the earth’s finite resources and causing a dramatic loss of biodiversity, is largely to blame (Pearson, Lowry, Dorrian, & Litchfield, 2014). American zoos and aquariums are positioned to create positive experiential relationships between zoo tourists and animals that have the potential to positively change the zoo tourists’ conservation behaviors. Challenges to changing the conservation behaviors of zoo tourists are many. One particularly important challenge is conservation/environmental education. Zoos and aquariums aim to provide effective and quality environmental education to the public, as well as a framework for conservation ethics (Ballantyne, Packer, Hughes, & Dierking, 2007; Falk et al., 2007). Some research suggests presentations combining educational talks with animal training, or other multilayered interpretive animal presentations, are associated with greater learning (Visscher, Snider, & Vander Stoep, 2009; Weiler & Smith, 2009). The immense amount of effort put into designing zoo education programs that allow for meaningful and intimate interactions between tourists and animals is undertaken to produce behavior change in the zoo tourist. Behind the scenes tours are one of the multilayered interpretive presentations that have the ability to impact visitors’ intrinsic existence value of wildlife and ecosystems. This study aimed to examine how more intimate interactions with animals in zoos may lead to an increased sense of conservation. Zoo education research has gained momentum only in the last few years (Ogden & Heimlich, 2009), and research into behind the scenes education programming is just beginning

Gendered food work in community supported agriculture consumer households

Within the last decades, alternative food production networks (AFN), which oppose the well-documented social, economic, and environmental flaws of the conventional food production system, have received increased attention by scholars. Yet, notions of gender often remain overlooked. Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) focuses on creating close relationships between producers and consumers of food by sharing the risks and rewards of food production. This thesis aims to examine gendered labour division in consumer households of CSA by using the Welsh Vale Farm CSA scheme as an example. Examining labour division entails answering the following research questions: How is food work divided between the household members with regards to gender? Which role does receiving a weekly vegetable bag play in the gendered housework with food? Do household members perceive a change in their work with food? In affiliation with Cardiff University’s T-GRAINS research project, face-to-face interviews were conducted and subsequently analysed using the voice-centred relational method. This method consists of three different readings of each interview; each reading focussing on different parts of the narrative. For this research, the readings focussed on the overall plot, the voice of ‘I’ and the socio-cultural domain, which consisted of the socio-cultural and the corporeal domain introduced in Allen & Sachs’ (2007) conceptual framework. The findings of this study suggest that in the predominantly white, middle-class and well-educated households participating in CSA, women take on the majority of responsibility for food work, which aligns with findings of previous gendered food scholarship. Participation in CSA schemes particularly increases the mental care work of the household; however, the women interviewees do not necessarily perceive this as an additional burden. Yet, participation in CSA schemes and the associated increased workload also has implications on doing gender on a household level. Ultimately, I also argue that CSA schemes may be sites of undoing gender as well. The study shows how deeply connected notions of gender and food as a part of care work continue to be in Western societies. Additionally, considering gender as a category in food research may shed a different light on broader phenomena such as AFNs