Sensor Signal and Information Processing II

In the current age of information explosion, newly invented technological sensors and software are now tightly integrated with our everyday lives. Many sensor processing algorithms have incorporated some forms of computational intelligence as part of their core framework in problem solving. These algorithms have the capacity to generalize and discover knowledge for themselves and learn new information whenever unseen data are captured. The primary aim of sensor processing is to develop techniques to interpret, understand, and act on information contained in the data. The interest of this book is in developing intelligent signal processing in order to pave the way for smart sensors. This involves mathematical advancement of nonlinear signal processing theory and its applications that extend far beyond traditional techniques. It bridges the boundary between theory and application, developing novel theoretically inspired methodologies targeting both longstanding and emergent signal processing applications. The topic ranges from phishing detection to integration of terrestrial laser scanning, and from fault diagnosis to bio-inspiring filtering. The book will appeal to established practitioners, along with researchers and students in the emerging field of smart sensors processing

Intelligent Sensor Networks

In the last decade, wireless or wired sensor networks have attracted much attention. However, most designs target general sensor network issues including protocol stack (routing, MAC, etc.) and security issues. This book focuses on the close integration of sensing, networking, and smart signal processing via machine learning. Based on their world-class research, the authors present the fundamentals of intelligent sensor networks. They cover sensing and sampling, distributed signal processing, and intelligent signal learning. In addition, they present cutting-edge research results from leading experts

Holistic Temporal Situation Interpretation for Traffic Participant Prediction

For a profound understanding of traffic situations including a prediction of traf- fic participants’ future motion, behaviors and routes it is crucial to incorporate all available environmental observations. The presence of sensor noise and depen- dency uncertainties, the variety of available sensor data, the complexity of large traffic scenes and the large number of different estimation tasks with diverging requirements require a general method that gives a robust foundation for the de- velopment of estimation applications. In this work, a general description language, called Object-Oriented Factor Graph Modeling Language (OOFGML), is proposed, that unifies formulation of esti- mation tasks from the application-oriented problem description via the choice of variable and probability distribution representation through to the inference method definition in implementation. The different language properties are dis- cussed theoretically using abstract examples. The derivation of explicit application examples is shown for the automated driv- ing domain. A domain-specific ontology is defined which forms the basis for four exemplary applications covering the broad spectrum of estimation tasks in this domain: Basic temporal filtering, ego vehicle localization using advanced interpretations of perceived objects, road layout perception utilizing inter-object dependencies and finally highly integrated route, behavior and motion estima- tion to predict traffic participant’s future actions. All applications are evaluated as proof of concept and provide an example of how their class of estimation tasks can be represented using the proposed language. The language serves as a com- mon basis and opens a new field for further research towards holistic solutions for automated driving

Large space structures and systems in the space station era: A bibliography with indexes

Bibliographies and abstracts are listed for 1219 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system between July 1, 1990 and December 31, 1990. The purpose is to provide helpful information to the researcher, manager, and designer in technology development and mission design according to system, interactive analysis and design, structural and thermal analysis and design, structural concepts and control systems, electronics, advanced materials, assembly concepts, propulsion, and solar power satellite systems

State of the art survey of technologies applicable to NASA's aeronautics, avionics and controls program

The state of the art survey (SOAS) covers six technology areas including flightpath management, aircraft control system, crew station technology, interface & integration technology, military technology, and fundamental technology. The SOAS included contributions from over 70 individuals in industry, government, and the universities

Sensors, measurement fusion and missile trajectory optimisation

When considering advances in “smart” weapons it is clear that air-launched systems have adopted an integrated approach to meet rigorous requirements, whereas air-defence systems have not. The demands on sensors, state observation, missile guidance, and simulation for air-defence is the subject of this research. Historical reviews for each topic, justification of favoured techniques and algorithms are provided, using a nomenclature developed to unify these disciplines. Sensors selected for their enduring impact on future systems are described and simulation models provided. Complex internal systems are reduced to simpler models capable of replicating dominant features, particularly those that adversely effect state observers. Of the state observer architectures considered, a distributed system comprising ground based target and own-missile tracking, data up-link, and on-board missile measurement and track fusion is the natural choice for air-defence. An IMM is used to process radar measurements, combining the estimates from filters with different target dynamics. The remote missile state observer combines up-linked target tracks and missile plots with IMU and seeker data to provide optimal guidance information. The performance of traditional PN and CLOS missile guidance is the basis against which on-line trajectory optimisation is judged. Enhanced guidance laws are presented that demand more from the state observers, stressing the importance of time-to-go and transport delays in strap-down systems employing staring array technology. Algorithms for solving the guidance twopoint boundary value problems created from the missile state observer output using gradient projection in function space are presented. A simulation integrating these aspects was developed whose infrastructure, capable of supporting any dynamical model, is described in the air-defence context. MBDA have extended this work creating the Aircraft and Missile Integration Simulation (AMIS) for integrating different launchers and missiles. The maturity of the AMIS makes it a tool for developing pre-launch algorithms for modern air-launched missiles from modern military aircraft.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Nonlinear Dynamics

This volume covers a diverse collection of topics dealing with some of the fundamental concepts and applications embodied in the study of nonlinear dynamics. Each of the 15 chapters contained in this compendium generally fit into one of five topical areas: physics applications, nonlinear oscillators, electrical and mechanical systems, biological and behavioral applications or random processes. The authors of these chapters have contributed a stimulating cross section of new results, which provide a fertile spectrum of ideas that will inspire both seasoned researches and students

Physical layer security (PLS) solutions for passive eavesdropping in wireless communication

An absolute secured wireless communication is unattainable. Nevertheless, communication models must be secure and unique across each layer of the model. The physical layer is the easiest layer through which information leaks, due to its broadcast nature. The security in the physical layer, measured as secrecy capacity, is subdivided into keyed and keyless security models. In practice, the eavesdropper’s evasive and obscure random wireless channel model makes it difficult to optimise keyless security measure at the physical layer. Considering this practical challenge, the objective of this work is to use novel keyless approaches to reduce the ability of an illegitimate user to access the transmitted message via the physical layer. Physical layer security (PLS) was achieved through the deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS), and communication sensing as security enablers in this thesis. The UAV operates with interfering signals while the IRS and sensing techniques optimise respective inherent properties leading to higher PLS performance. The thesis presents solutions to the parametric design of UAV, IRS, and wireless sensing technologies for PLS functionality. Designs and analysis herein follow from analytical derivations and numerical simulations. Specifically, the thesis presents a novel average secrecy rate formulation for passive eavesdropping with a reception rate upper bound by that of the legitimate receiver. The keyless PLS assessed from the formulations guaranteed positive rates with the design of a broadcast interfering signal delivered from a UAV. Based on the verification of the positive secrecy rate with passive eavesdropping, a swarm of UAVs improved the PLS of the communication system delivering more interfering signals. Furthermore, the functionalities of the interference driven UAV swarm were miniaturised with a system of aerial IRS. By harnessing inherent channel dynamics, a novel non-iterative design of the aerial IRS system was presented as a panacea to PLS requirements. Finally, the thesis presents the analysis of a legitimate receiver with a novel noise and interference filter as a sensing mitigation technique. The filter enhanced PLS by enabling the legitimate receiver to effectively extract desired information

Fourth Annual Workshop on Space Operations Applications and Research (SOAR 90)

The proceedings of the SOAR workshop are presented. The technical areas included are as follows: Automation and Robotics; Environmental Interactions; Human Factors; Intelligent Systems; and Life Sciences. NASA and Air Force programmatic overviews and panel sessions were also held in each technical area