Automatic Structural Scene Digitalization

In this paper, we present an automatic system for the analysis and labeling of structural scenes, floor plan drawings in Computer-aided Design (CAD) format. The proposed system applies a fusion strategy to detect and recognize various components of CAD floor plans, such as walls, doors, windows and other ambiguous assets. Technically, a general rule-based filter parsing method is fist adopted to extract effective information from the original floor plan. Then, an image-processing based recovery method is employed to correct information extracted in the first step. Our proposed method is fully automatic and real-time. Such analysis system provides high accuracy and is also evaluated on a public website that, on average, archives more than ten thousands effective uses per day and reaches a relatively high satisfaction rate.Comment: paper submitted to PloS On

Efficient Analysis of Complex Diagrams using Constraint-Based Parsing

This paper describes substantial advances in the analysis (parsing) of diagrams using constraint grammars. The addition of set types to the grammar and spatial indexing of the data make it possible to efficiently parse real diagrams of substantial complexity. The system is probably the first to demonstrate efficient diagram parsing using grammars that easily be retargeted to other domains. The work assumes that the diagrams are available as a flat collection of graphics primitives: lines, polygons, circles, Bezier curves and text. This is appropriate for future electronic documents or for vectorized diagrams converted from scanned images. The classes of diagrams that we have analyzed include x,y data graphs and genetic diagrams drawn from the biological literature, as well as finite state automata diagrams (states and arcs). As an example, parsing a four-part data graph composed of 133 primitives required 35 sec using Macintosh Common Lisp on a Macintosh Quadra 700.Comment: 9 pages, Postscript, no fonts, compressed, uuencoded. Composed in MSWord 5.1a for the Mac. To appear in ICDAR '95. Other versions at ftp://ftp.ccs.neu.edu/pub/people/futrell

From on-line sketching to 2D and 3D geometry: A fuzzy knowledge based system

The paper describes the development of a fuzzy knowledge based prototype system for conceptual design. This real time system is designed to infer user’s sketching intentions, to segment sketched input and generate corresponding geometric primitives: straight lines, circles, arcs, ellipses, elliptical arcs, and B-spline curves. Topology information (connectivity, unitary constraints and pairwise constraints) is received dynamically from 2D sketched input and primitives. From the 2D topology information, a more accurate 2D geometry can be built up by applying a 2D geometric constraint solver. Subsequently, 3D geometry can be received feature by feature incrementally. Each feature can be recognised by inference knowledge in terms of matching its 2D primitive configurations and connection relationships. The system accepts not only sketched input, working as an automatic design tools, but also accepts user’s interactive input of both 2D primitives and special positional 3D primitives. This makes it easy and friendly to use. The system has been tested with a number of sketched inputs of 2D and 3D geometry

Ultrasonic and electroplating approach for washcoat of γ-alumina and nickel oxide (nio) catalyst on fecral substrate for catalytic converter

One of the technological advances was concentrated on the removal of pollutants from exhaust system by Three-Way Catalytic Converter (CATCO). Metallic material potential to replace the ceramic material, therefore FeCrAl substrate used as metallic material and γ-Al2O3 as washcoat material and NiO catalyst. This study propose ultrasonic and electroplating approach as coating technique which not fully explored. Several problems in developing CATCO such as washcoat layer is spalling since the loose adhesion and unstable oxide growth in long term oxidation. Therefore, the main objective of this study are to embed γ-Al2O3 into substrate, to improve thermal stability as well as to improve conversion efficiency of exhaust gas emission. The methods performed in this study by ultrasonic bath (UB) using ethanol solution with frequency of 35 kHz and holding time of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 h respectively, electroplating technique (EL), ultrasonic bath during electroplating (UBdEL) and combination of UB and EL which is called by UB+EL technique that conducted by sulphamate type solution, current density of 1.28 A and holding time of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 minutes. The results shows that γ-Al2O3 has been embedded into FeCrAl substrate which develop several compounds such as FeCrAl, FeO, γ-Al2O3, FeCr2O3, NiO, NiAlO4, NiCr2O4 and NaO2. Appropriate coating thickness of coated FeCrAl was observed in UB+EL samples of 9.1 to 12 μm. The thermal analysis shows the smallest mass change located at UB+EL 30 minutes sample for 2.85 mg. Therefore, UB+EL 30 min was selected to be a method for FeCrAl CATCO development. Coated FeCrAl CATCO more effective to reduce fuel consumption up to 1.693 L/h and increase torque of 95 Nm, reduce NOx up to 91.66% and HC emission up to 81.4% as well as reduce exhaust gas temperature up to 20.58% as compared to conventional ceramic and metallic CATCO. Therefore, an appropriate techniques and parameter is UB+EL 30 min used for coating FeCrAl CATCO potential to improve physical properties and reduce emission

Interpretation of overtracing freehand sketching for geometric shapes

This paper presents a novel method for interpreting overtracing freehand sketch. The overtracing strokes are interpreted as sketch content and are used to generate 2D geometric primitives. The approach consists of four stages: stroke classification, strokes grouping and fitting, 2D tidy-up with endpoint clustering and parallelism correction, and in-context interpretation. Strokes are first classified into lines and curves by a linearity test. It is followed by an innovative strokes grouping process that handles lines and curves separately. The grouped strokes are fitted with 2D geometry and further tidied-up with endpoint clustering and parallelism correction. Finally, the in-context interpretation is applied to detect incorrect stroke interpretation based on geometry constraints and to suggest a most plausible correction based on the overall sketch context. The interpretation ensures sketched strokes to be interpreted into meaningful output. The interface overcomes the limitation where only a single line drawing can be sketched out as in most existing sketching programs, meanwhile is more intuitive to the user

A survey of comics research in computer science

Graphical novels such as comics and mangas are well known all over the world. The digital transition started to change the way people are reading comics, more and more on smartphones and tablets and less and less on paper. In the recent years, a wide variety of research about comics has been proposed and might change the way comics are created, distributed and read in future years. Early work focuses on low level document image analysis: indeed comic books are complex, they contains text, drawings, balloon, panels, onomatopoeia, etc. Different fields of computer science covered research about user interaction and content generation such as multimedia, artificial intelligence, human-computer interaction, etc. with different sets of values. We propose in this paper to review the previous research about comics in computer science, to state what have been done and to give some insights about the main outlooks