2,341 research outputs found
Generic and configurable diagnosis function based on production data stored in Manufacturing Execution System
International audienceThe paper proposes a diagnosis approach corresponding to the specific MES level to provide information on the origins of a performance indicator degradation. Our key distribution is the proposal of a set of potential causes that may impact the successful completion of production operations, such as the operator stress, quality of material, equipment or recipe change and their characteristic parameters by exploiting MES historical database. We use Bayesian Network model to diagnose the potential failure causes and support effective human decisions on corrective actions (maintenance, human resource planning, recipe re-qualification, etc) by computing conditional probabilities for each suspected proposed causes
Operational risk management in high-mix, low-volume production
Abstract. The objective of this Masterâs thesis is to study operational risk management in High-Mix, Low-Volume production, with a focus on small and medium-sized enterprises. This objective is achieved through answering three research questions regarding previous literature, current state in a case company, and improving practises in the case company.
This thesis is conducted as a qualitative research utilizing a literature review and a single case study. The literature review is utilized to form the theoretical foundation for the thesis, and to answer the first research question, providing the state of previous literature. The case study is utilized to obtain the current state in the case company, which answers the second research question. Case study data includes documentary data, observations, and interviews. Three semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the observations were obtained with participatory observing. The third research question is answered by comparing the empirical study and literature to provide improvement recommendations to the case company.
The findings of this study include the empirical results of operational risk management in a single case example, as well as the proposed improvements for the case company. The empirical observations are described in detail, and guidance for future studies is given. The development proposals are directly applicable to the case company and are expected to result in a higher operational risk management capability. The literature review and empirical observations may be useful to other researchers or organizations, but the recommendations have limited generalizability outside the case company. However, some of the recommendations might be applicable to a company with similar practises or organizational context.Operatiivisten riskien hallinta korkean vaihtuvuuden ja matalan volyymin tuotantoympÀristöissÀ. TiivistelmÀ. TÀmÀn diplomityön tavoitteena on tutkia operatiivisten riskien hallintaa korkean vaihtuvuuden ja matalan volyymin (High-Mix, Low-Volume) tuotantoympÀristöissÀ, pienissÀ ja keskisuurissa yrityksissÀ. Työn tavoite saavutetaan vastaamalla kolmeen tutkimuskysymykseen liittyen aiempaan kirjallisuuteen, case-yrityksen nykytilaan ja case-yrityksen toiminnan parantamiseen.
Diplomityö toteutetaan laadullisena tutkimuksena, jossa hyödynnetÀÀn kirjallisuuskatsausta ja case-tutkimusta. Kirjallisuuskatsaus muodostaa tutkimuksen teoreettisen viitekehyksen ja vastaa ensimmÀiseen tutkimuskysymykseen esittelemÀllÀ aiempaa tutkimusta. Case-tutkimusta hyödynnetÀÀn case-yrityksen nykytilan kuvaamiseen, mikÀ antaa vastauksen toiseen tutkimuskysymykseen. Case-tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu case-yrityksen riskienhallintaan liittyvistÀ dokumenteista, havainnoista ja haastatteluista. Tutkimuksen osana suoritettiin kolme puolistrukturoitua haastattelua ja havainnot kerÀttiin osallistuvalla havainnoinnilla. Kolmanteen tutkimuskysymykseen vastataan empiirisen tutkimuksen ja kirjallisuuden vertailulla, jonka tuloksena saadaan ehdotuksia case-yrityksen toiminnan parantamiseen.
Tutkimuksen tuloksia ovat empiiriset havainnot yksittÀisestÀ case-yrityksestÀ sekÀ parannusehdotukset case-yrityksen operatiivisten riskien hallintaan. Tarkkaan kuvattujen empiiristen havaintojen lisÀksi työssÀ ohjeistetaan aiheeseen liittyvÀÀ jatkotutkimusta. Annetut parannusehdotukset ovat suoraan sovellettavissa case-yritykseen ja niiden odotetaan johtavan korkeampaan operatiivisten riskien hallinnan kyvykkyyteen. Toiset organisaatiot ja tutkimukset voivat hyötyÀ kirjallisuuskatsauksesta ja empiirisistÀ havainnoista, mutta parannusehdotuksilla on rajallinen yleistettÀvyys case-yrityksen ulkopuolelle. Jotkin parannusehdotukset voivat kuitenkin olla sovellettavissa yrityksiin, joilla on samankaltaisia kÀytÀnteitÀ tai piirteitÀ
Uncertainty analysis in product service system: Bayesian network modelling for availability contract
There is an emerging trend of manufacturing companies offering combined products and services to customers as integrated solutions. Availability contracts are an apt instance of such offerings, where product use is guaranteed to customer and is enforced by incentive-penalty schemes. Uncertainties in such an industry setting, where all stakeholders are striving to achieve their respective performance goals and at the same time collaborating intensively, is increased. Understanding through-life uncertainties and their impact on cost is critical to ensure sustainability and profitability of the industries offering such solutions.
In an effort to address this challenge, the aim of this research study is to provide an approach for the analysis of uncertainties in Product Service System (PSS) delivered in business-to-business application by specifying a procedure to identify, characterise and model uncertainties with an emphasis to provide decision support and prioritisation of key uncertainties affecting the performance outcomes. The thesis presents a literature review in research areas which are at the interface of topics such as uncertainty, PSS and availability contracts. From this seven requirements that are vital to enhance the understanding and quantification of uncertainties in Product Service System are drawn. These requirements are synthesised into a conceptual uncertainty framework. The framework prescribes four elements, which include identifying a set of uncertainties, discerning the relationships between uncertainties, tools and techniques to treat uncertainties and finally, results that could ease uncertainty management and analysis efforts.
The conceptual uncertainty framework was applied to an industry case study in availability contracts, where each of the four elements was realised. This application phase of the research included the identification of uncertainties in PSS, development of a multi-layer uncertainty classification, deriving the structure of Bayesian Network and finally, evaluation and validation of the Bayesian Network.
The findings suggest that understanding uncertainties from a system perspective is essential to capture the network aspect of PSS. This network comprises of several stakeholders, where there is increased flux of information and material flows and this could be effectively represented using Bayesian Networks
ISBIS 2016: Meeting on Statistics in Business and Industry
This Book includes the abstracts of the talks presented at the 2016 International Symposium on Business and Industrial Statistics, held at Barcelona, June 8-10, 2016, hosted at the Universitat PolitĂšcnica de Catalunya - Barcelona TECH, by the Department of Statistics and Operations Research. The location of the meeting was at ETSEIB Building (Escola Tecnica Superior d'Enginyeria Industrial) at Avda Diagonal 647.
The meeting organizers celebrated the continued success of ISBIS and ENBIS society, and the meeting draw together the international community of statisticians, both academics and industry professionals, who share the goal of making statistics the foundation for decision making in business and related applications. The Scientific Program Committee was constituted by:
David Banks, Duke University
AmĂlcar Oliveira, DCeT - Universidade Aberta and CEAUL
Teresa A. Oliveira, DCeT - Universidade Aberta and CEAUL
Nalini Ravishankar, University of Connecticut
Xavier Tort Martorell, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Barcelona TECH
Martina Vandebroek, KU Leuven
Vincenzo Esposito Vinzi, ESSEC Business Schoo
Improving water asset management when data are sparse
Ensuring the high of assets in water utilities is critically important and requires continuous improvement. This is due to the need to minimise risk of harm to human health and the environment from contaminated drinking water. Continuous improvement and innovation in water asset management are therefore, necessary and are driven by (i) increased regulatory requirements on serviceability; (ii) high maintenance costs, (iii) higher customer expectations, and (iv) enhanced environmental and health/safety requirements.
High quality data on asset failures, maintenance, and operations are key requirements for developing reliability models. However, a literature search revealed that, in practice, there is sometimes limited data in water utilities - particularly for over-ground assets. Perhaps surprisingly, there is often a mismatch between the ambitions of sophisticated reliability tools and the availability of asset data water utilities are able to draw upon to implement them in practice.
This research provides models to support decision-making in water utility asset management when there is limited data. Three approaches for assessing asset condition, maintenance effectiveness and selecting maintenance regimes for specific asset groups were developed. Expert elicitation was used to test and apply the developed decision-support tools. A major regional water utility in England was used as a case study to investigate and test the developed approaches.
The new approach achieved improved precision in asset condition assessment (Figure 3â3a) - supporting the requirements of the UK Capital Maintenance Planning Common Framework. Critically, the thesis demonstrated that, on occasion, assets were sometimes misallocated by more than 50% between condition grades when using current approaches. Expert opinions were also sought for assessing maintenance effectiveness, and a new approach was tested with over-ground assets. The new approachâs value was demonstrated by the capability to account for finer measurements (as low as 10%) of maintenance effectiveness (Table 4-4). An asset maintenance regime selection approach was developed to support decision-making when data are sparse. The value of the approach is its versatility in selecting different regimes for different asset groups, and specifically accounting for the assets unique performance variables
Modelo de apoio à decisão para a manutenção condicionada de equipamentos produtivos
Doctoral Thesis for PhD degree in Industrial and Systems EngineeringIntroduction: This thesis describes a methodology to combine Bayesian control chart
and CBM (Condition-Based Maintenance) for developing a new integrated model. In
maintenance management, it is a challenging task for decision-maker to conduct an
appropriate and accurate decision. Proper and well-performed CBM models are
beneficial for maintenance decision making. The integration of Bayesian control chart
and CBM is considered as an intelligent model and a suitable strategy for forecasting
items failures as well as allow providing an effectiveness maintenance cost. CBM
models provides lower inventory costs for spare parts, reduces unplanned outage, and
minimize the risk of catastrophic failure, avoiding high penalties associated with losses
of production or delays, increasing availability. However, CBM models need new
aspects and the integration of new type of information in maintenance modeling that can
improve the results. Objective: The thesis aims to develop a new methodology based on
Bayesian control chart for predicting failures of item incorporating simultaneously two
types of data: key quality control measurement and equipment condition parameters. In
other words, the project research questions are directed to give the lower maintenance
costs for real process control. Method: The mathematical approach carried out in this
study for developing an optimal Condition Based Maintenance policy included the
Weibull analysis for verifying the Markov property, Delay time concept used for
deterioration modeling and PSO and Monte Carlo simulation. These models are used for
finding the upper control limit and the interval monitoring that minimizes the
(maintenance) cost function. Result: The main contribution of this thesis is that the
proposed model performs better than previous models in which the hypothesis of using
simultaneously data about condition equipment parameters and quality control
measurements improve the effectiveness of integrated model Bayesian control chart for
Condition Based Maintenance.Introdução: Esta tese descreve uma metodologia para combinar Bayesian control chart
e CBM (Condition- Based Maintenance) para desenvolver um novo modelo integrado.
Na gestão da manutenção, é importante que o decisor possa tomar decisÔes apropriadas
e corretas. Modelos CBM bem concebidos serão muito benéficos nas tomadas de
decisão sobre manutenção. A integração dos gråficos de controlo Bayesian e CBM é
considerada um modelo inteligente e uma estratégica adequada para prever as falhas de
componentes bem como produzir um controlo de custos de manutenção. Os modelos
CBM conseguem definir custos de inventårio mais baixos para as partes de substituição,
reduzem interrupçÔes não planeadas e minimizam o risco de falhas catastróficas,
evitando elevadas penalizaçÔes associadas a perdas de produção ou atrasos, aumentando
a disponibilidade. Contudo, os modelos CBM precisam de alteraçÔes e a integração de
novos tipos de informação na modelação de manutenção que permitam melhorar os
resultados.Objetivos: Esta tese pretende desenvolver uma nova metodologia baseada
Bayesian control chart para prever as falhas de partes, incorporando dois tipos de
dados: mediçÔes-chave de controlo de qualidade e parùmetros de condição do
equipamento. Por outras palavras, as questÔes de investigação são direcionadas para
diminuir custos de manutenção no processo de controlo.Métodos: Os modelos
matemĂĄticos implementados neste estudo para desenvolver uma polĂtica Ăłtima de CBM
incluĂram a anĂĄlise de Weibull para verificação da propriedade de Markov, conceito de
atraso de tempo para a modelação da deterioração, PSO e simulação de Monte Carlo.
Estes modelos sĂŁo usados para encontrar o limite superior de controlo e o intervalo de
monotorização para minimizar a função de custos de manutenção.Resultados: A
principal contribuição desta tese é que o modelo proposto melhora os resultados dos
modelos anteriores, baseando-se na hipĂłtese de que, usando simultaneamente dados dos
parùmetros dos equipamentos e mediçÔes de controlo de qualidade. Assim obtém-se
uma melhoria a eficĂĄcia do modelo integrado de Bayesian control chart para a
manutenção condicionada
Strategic risk management in water utilities: development of a holistic approach linking risks and futures
Risk management plays a key role in water utilities. Although tools are well
established at operational and tactical levels of management, existing methods
at strategic level lack a holistic treatment and a long-term perspective. In fact,
risks are analysed per se, despite being interconnected; and long-term
scenarios are commonly used for strategic planning, rather than for risk
management, most of the time being related to one single issue (for example:
climate change).
In order to overcome the limitations identified in the existing methodologies, a
novel approach for water utilities to manage risk at strategic level was
developed and tested in EPAL - the largest and oldest water utility in Portugal. It
consists of (i) setting a baseline risks comparison founded on a systemic model
developed âbottom-upâ through the business; (ii) the construction of future
scenarios and an observation of how baseline risks may change with time.
Major contributions of this research are the linkage between operational and
strategic risks, capturing the interdependencies between strategic risks; the
ability to look at long term risk, allowing the visualizing of the way strategic risks
may change under a possible future scenario; and the novel coupling of risks
and futures research.
For the water sector, this approach constitutes a useful tool for strategic
planning, which may be presented to the Board of Directors in a simple and
intuitive way, despite the solid foundations of the underlying analysis. It also
builds on in-house expertise, promoting the dissemination and pervasiveness of
risk management within the companies and, on the other hand, allowing
unveiling of existing knowledge, making it explicit and more useful for the
organization
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