3,079 research outputs found
Structured Knowledge Representation for Image Retrieval
We propose a structured approach to the problem of retrieval of images by
content and present a description logic that has been devised for the semantic
indexing and retrieval of images containing complex objects. As other
approaches do, we start from low-level features extracted with image analysis
to detect and characterize regions in an image. However, in contrast with
feature-based approaches, we provide a syntax to describe segmented regions as
basic objects and complex objects as compositions of basic ones. Then we
introduce a companion extensional semantics for defining reasoning services,
such as retrieval, classification, and subsumption. These services can be used
for both exact and approximate matching, using similarity measures. Using our
logical approach as a formal specification, we implemented a complete
client-server image retrieval system, which allows a user to pose both queries
by sketch and queries by example. A set of experiments has been carried out on
a testbed of images to assess the retrieval capabilities of the system in
comparison with expert users ranking. Results are presented adopting a
well-established measure of quality borrowed from textual information
retrieval
DeeperCut: A Deeper, Stronger, and Faster Multi-Person Pose Estimation Model
The goal of this paper is to advance the state-of-the-art of articulated pose
estimation in scenes with multiple people. To that end we contribute on three
fronts. We propose (1) improved body part detectors that generate effective
bottom-up proposals for body parts; (2) novel image-conditioned pairwise terms
that allow to assemble the proposals into a variable number of consistent body
part configurations; and (3) an incremental optimization strategy that explores
the search space more efficiently thus leading both to better performance and
significant speed-up factors. Evaluation is done on two single-person and two
multi-person pose estimation benchmarks. The proposed approach significantly
outperforms best known multi-person pose estimation results while demonstrating
competitive performance on the task of single person pose estimation. Models
and code available at http://pose.mpi-inf.mpg.deComment: ECCV'16. High-res version at
https://www.d2.mpi-inf.mpg.de/sites/default/files/insafutdinov16arxiv.pd
From Simple to Complex and Ultra-complex Systems:\ud A Paradigm Shift Towards Non-Abelian Systems Dynamics
Atoms, molecules, organisms distinguish layers of reality because of the causal links that govern their behavior, both horizontally (atom-atom, molecule-molecule, organism-organism) and vertically (atom-molecule-organism). This is the first intuition of the theory of levels. Even if the further development of the theory will require imposing a number of qualifications to this initial intuition, the idea of a series of entities organized on different levels of complexity will prove correct. Living systems as well as social systems and the human mind present features remarkably different from those characterizing non-living, simple physical and chemical systems. We propose that super-complexity requires at least four different categorical frameworks, provided by the theories of levels of reality, chronotopoids, (generalized) interactions, and anticipation
From Simple to Complex and Ultra-complex Systems:\ud A Paradigm Shift Towards Non-Abelian Systems Dynamics
Atoms, molecules, organisms distinguish layers of reality because of the causal links that govern their behavior, both horizontally (atom-atom, molecule-molecule, organism-organism) and vertically (atom-molecule-organism). This is the first intuition of the theory of levels. Even if the further development of the theory will require imposing a number of qualifications to this initial intuition, the idea of a series of entities organized on different levels of complexity will prove correct. Living systems as well as social systems and the human mind present features remarkably different from those characterizing non-living, simple physical and chemical systems. We propose that super-complexity requires at least four different categorical frameworks, provided by the theories of levels of reality, chronotopoids, (generalized) interactions, and anticipation
Structured Knowledge Representation for Image Retrieval
We propose a structured approach to the problem of retrieval of images by content and present a description logic that has been devised for the semantic indexing and retrieval of images containing complex objects. As other approaches do, we start from low-level features extracted with image analysis to detect and characterize regions in an image. However, in contrast with feature-based approaches, we provide a syntax to describe segmented regions as basic objects and complex objects as compositions of basic ones. Then we introduce a companion extensional semantics for defining reasoning services, such as retrieval, classification, and subsumption. These services can be used for both exact and approximate matching, using similarity measures. Using our logical approach as a formal specification, we implemented a complete clientserver image retrieval system, which allows a user to pose both queries by sketch and queries by example. A set of experiments has been carried out on a testbed of images to assess the retrieval capabilities of the system in comparison with expert users ranking. Results are presented adopting a well-established measure of quality borrowed from textual information retrieval
SME default prediction: A systematic methodology-focused review
This study reviews the methodologies used in the literature to predict failure in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We identified 145 SMEsâ default prediction studies from 1972 to early 2023. We summarized the methods used in each study. The focus points are estimation methods, sample re-balancing methods, variable selection techniques, validation methods, and variables included in the literature. More than 1,200 factors used in failure prediction models have been identified, along with 54 unique feature selection techniques and 80 unique estimation methods. Over one-third of the studies do not use any feature selection method, and more than one-quarter use only in-sample validation. Our main recommendation for researchers is to use feature selection and validate results using hold-out samples or cross-validation. As an avenue for further research, we suggest in-depth empirical comparisons of estimation methods, feature selection techniques, and sample re-balancing methods based on some large and commonly used datasets.publishedVersio
California's Arts and Cultural Ecology
Californians create, organize, and nurture one of the world's richest arts and cultural ecologies. Across diverse landscapes, they preserve traditions and unveil cutting-edge new artwork. As artists, cultural leaders, community-builders, and arts lovers, they build organizations that nurse creativity from conception through production, presentation, and participation.California's arts and cultural ecology encompasses complex ties among people, organizations, and places. An ecological approach underscores the prominence and contributions of these arts ecology components and how they can be strengthened, especially in times of economic austerity.California's arts and cultural nonprofits play an initiating and pivotal role in this ecology. They are important shapers of the state's internationally renowned cultural industries. They preserve, commission, and present a cornucopia of music, performance, heritage, and visual arts to people in all of the state's regions, across age groups and ethnicities at all levels of income and wealth.Our study documents the budget size, disciplinary focus, and intrinsic and economic impacts of nearly 11,000 California arts and cultural nonprofits, mapping them onto cities and regions. We use new data from the California Cultural Data Project, The National Center for Charitable Statistics, the American Community Survey, the Survey of Public Participation in the Arts, and Impact Analysis for Planning. To explore causal connections, we correlate elements of this mosaic with community characteristics. We detail how people work for the sector, volunteer, and make financial contributions. We show the overall impact of people and organizations on California's economy in terms of jobs, income, output, and state and local tax revenue. With interview data, we offer qualitative insights into governance, interorganizational relationships, and special challenges for small nonprofits. California's nonprofit arts and cultural organizationsCalifornia hosts more nonprofit arts and cultural organizations than do most of the world's nations. Their ranks include multipurpose cultural centers, science and visual arts museums, symphony orchestras and folk ensembles, artist service organizations, ethnic arts groups, literary societies, dance companies, professional associations, and many more. Some have no formal budgets, do little fundraising, and operate chiefly on energetic contributions of volunteers. Others manage sizable budgets with extensive staff, run large productions and venues, and rely less on volunteers.California's nearly 11,000 arts and cultural nonprofits operate across the state's regions. Smaller organizations vastly outnumber large ones, with 85% of organizational budgets falling under 25,000. Yet California's nonprofits have a much larger footprint than formal budgets convey, because at all budget sizes, they engage the services of substantial numbers of volunteers and receive in-kind contributions of time and materials uncommon in public and for-profit sectors.Reflecting California's ethnic diversity and its immigrant character, 22% of California's arts and cultural nonprofits focus on ethnic, folk arts, and multidisciplinary work. Another fifth focus on humanities, legacy, and other museums. Visual arts organizations, including art museums, comprise 5% of California nonprofits, but 10% of those with budgets over $10 million
From product to service design: A thinking paradigm shift
The economy, society and industry are experiencing change by a shift from products to services. It is
apparent that this also brings an on-going âconceptual shiftâ in business and industry characterised by
a movement from traditional goods-centred dominant logic to emerging service-centred dominant
logic.
While a âproblem solvingâ approach is commonly used for the development of products, as the
primary unit of exchange moving from goods to service, new design approaches for the development
of services are needed. The diverse nature of services in comparison to products, where service are
specialised competences such as knowledge and skills that people can acquire and exchange,
highlight the need for new design approaches. This research argues that a fundamental
transformation in the design world is taking place, manifested in a thinking paradigm shift from
problem solving (designing products) towards system thinking (designing services).
Furthermore, the very own nature of products has also changed. From being purely physical and
tangible entities, they are becoming mixed entities, with both physical and virtual (or intangible)
attributes. Also, from being individual objects that stand alone, products now are part of complex
systems, becoming the touch points (TP) of a service. The touch points include interactive properties
that allow people that use them (users) to exchange information in and out, acting as enablers in the
communication between the service providers and users.
These changes have direct implications in the activity of designers, and in the way designers
approach problems and issues
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