40 research outputs found
Performance Enhancement Using NOMA-MIMO for 5G Networks
The integration of MIMO and NOMA technologies addresses key challenges in 5G and beyond, such as connectivity, latency, and dependability. However, resolving these issues, especially in MIMO-enabled 5G networks, required additional research. This involved optimizing parameters like bit error rate, downlink spectrum efficiency, average capacity rate, and uplink transmission outage probability. The model employed Quadrature Phase Shift Keying modulation on selected frequency channels, accommodating diverse user characteristics. Evaluation showed that MIMO-NOMA significantly improved bit error rate and transmitting power for the best user in download transmission. For uplink transmission, there was an increase in the average capacity rate and a decrease in outage probability for the best user. Closed-form formulas for various parameters in both downlink and uplink NOMA, with and without MIMO, were derived. Overall, adopting MIMO-NOMA led to a remarkable performance improvement for all users, even in challenging conditions like interference or fading channels
Signal Processing and Learning for Next Generation Multiple Access in 6G
Wireless communication systems to date primarily rely on the orthogonality of
resources to facilitate the design and implementation, from user access to data
transmission. Emerging applications and scenarios in the sixth generation (6G)
wireless systems will require massive connectivity and transmission of a deluge
of data, which calls for more flexibility in the design concept that goes
beyond orthogonality. Furthermore, recent advances in signal processing and
learning have attracted considerable attention, as they provide promising
approaches to various complex and previously intractable problems of signal
processing in many fields. This article provides an overview of research
efforts to date in the field of signal processing and learning for
next-generation multiple access, with an emphasis on massive random access and
non-orthogonal multiple access. The promising interplay with new technologies
and the challenges in learning-based NGMA are discussed
Tangential Power Allocation NOMA scheme for Visible Light Communications
Proceeding of: IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking (CSCN 2022), 28-30 November 2022, Thessaloniki, GreeceNon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has been proposed in both radio-frequency (RF) and visible light communications (VLC) to both improve the achievable rate and overcome the constrains in the number of users of orthogonal multiple access (OMA) schemes. Despite the advantages of NOMA, there still exist some issues that require more investigation such as power allocation schemes. This is issue is more remarkable in VLC due to the small and confined coverage footprint of each optical access point. In this poster, we propose a novel methodology denoted by tangential power allocation (TPA) for NOMA in VLC. Basically, the power allocation coefficients are calculated based on the tangential point on the NOMA rate region that is parallel to the OMA region. It is shown that TPA achieves greater performance in terms of achievable rate and fairness in comparison with conventional NOMA schemes.This work was funded by the European Union(EU) Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie ETN TeamUp5G, grant agreement No. 813391
A Generalized Cluster-Free NOMA Framework Towards Next-Generation Multiple Access
A generalized downlink multi-antenna non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)
transmission framework is proposed with the novel concept of cluster-free
successive interference cancellation (SIC). In contrast to conventional NOMA
approaches, where SIC is successively carried out within the same cluster, the
key idea is that the SIC can be flexibly implemented between any arbitrary
users to achieve efficient interference elimination. Based on the proposed
framework, a sum rate maximization problem is formulated for jointly optimizing
the transmit beamforming and the SIC operations between users, subject to the
SIC decoding conditions and users' minimal data rate requirements. To tackle
this highly-coupled mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem, an alternating
direction method of multipliers-successive convex approximation (ADMM-SCA)
algorithm is developed. The original problem is first reformulated into a
tractable biconvex augmented Lagrangian (AL) problem by handling the non-convex
terms via SCA. Then, this AL problem is decomposed into two subproblems that
are iteratively solved by the ADMM to obtain the stationary solution. Moreover,
to reduce the computational complexity and alleviate the parameter
initialization sensitivity of ADMM-SCA, a Matching-SCA algorithm is proposed.
The intractable binary SIC operations are solved through an extended
many-to-many matching, which is jointly combined with an SCA process to
optimize the transmit beamforming. The proposed Matching-SCA can converge to an
enhanced exchange-stable matching that guarantees the local optimality.
Numerical results demonstrate that: i) the proposed Matching-SCA algorithm
achieves comparable performance and a faster convergence compared to ADMM-SCA;
ii) the proposed generalized framework realizes scenario-adaptive
communications and outperforms traditional multi-antenna NOMA approaches in
various communication regimes.Comment: 30 pages, 9 figures, submitted to IEEE TW
Fundamental Limits on the Uplink Performance of the Dynamic-Ordered SIC Receiver
Due to the rapid and widespread growth of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) paradigm, present
days witness an exponential increase in the number of connected devices. In this regard, the orthogonal
transmission techniques featured by conventional 4G and 5G systems can only support a limited number of
simultaneously active users, due to their low spectral efficiency and poorly flexible resource allocation. To
overcome such limitations, the 6G framework will include novel Next Generation Multiple Access (NGMA)
solutions that will efficiently and flexibly connect a significantly larger number of devices over the same
portion of spectrum. Under the NGMA umbrella, the Power-Domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access
(PD-NOMA) technology is able to accommodate multiple users on the same frequencies by carefully
assigning different power levels to the active users and employing Successive Interference Cancellation
(SIC) receivers. In this work, we put forth a novel analytical approach to evaluate the performance that
PD-NOMA achieves on the uplink of a single cell when a dynamic-ordered SIC receiver is considered.
With respect to other existing works, the fundamental limits on the system performance are assessed
analytically for an arbitrary number = of simultaneously transmitting users, and both the case of Rayleigh
and lognormal-shadowed Rayleigh fading are examined. The closed-form expressions presented in this
work, whose correctness and excellent accuracy are validated through Monte Carlo simulations, disclose
the impact of lognormal shadowing and an increasingly larger number of active users on the PD-NOMA
performance
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access For Near-Field Communications
The novel concept of near-field non-orthogonal multiple access (NF-NOMA)
communications is proposed. The near-filed beamfocusing enables NOMA to be
carried out in both angular and distance domains. Two novel frameworks are
proposed, namely, single-location-beamfocusing NF-NOMA (SLB-NF-NOMA) and
multiple-location-beamfocusing NF-NOMA (MLB-NF-NOMA). 1) For SLB-NF-NOMA, two
NOMA users in the same angular direction with distinct quality of service (QoS)
requirements can be grouped into one cluster. The hybrid beamformer design and
power allocation problem is formulated to maximize the sum rate of the users
with higher QoS (H-QoS) requirements. To solve this problem, the analog
beamformer is first designed to focus the energy on the H-QoS users and the
zero-forcing (ZF) digital beamformer is employed. Then, the optimal power
allocation is obtained. 2) For MLB-NF-NOMA, the two NOMA users in the same
cluster can have different angular directions. The analog beamformer is first
designed to focus the energy on both two NOMA users. Then, a singular value
decomposition (SVD) based ZF (SVD-ZF) digital beamformer is designed.
Furthermore, a novel antenna allocation algorithm is proposed. Finally, a
suboptimal power allocation algorithm is proposed. Numerical results
demonstrate that the NF-NOMA can achieve a higher spectral efficiency and
provide a higher flexibility than conventional far-field NOMA
Resource Allocation for Sum-Rate Maximization in Multi-UAV SCMA Networks
This work investigates a sparse code multiple access (SCMA) assisted multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) downlink communication network for improved data services to multiple ground users. Our objective is to maximize the sum-rate of the multi-UAV SCMA network by optimizing the SCMA factor graph matrix used for resource allocation, considering the inter-UAV and intra-UAV interference components. The formulated problem is non-convex in nature and is subject to the SCMA codebook constraints. We propose a factor graph matrix assignment algorithm to solve this optimization problem. Our simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme in terms of rate performance over the benchmark schemes. Thus, compared with orthogonal multiple access strategies, SCMA emerge as a promising candidate for next generation multiple access (NGMA) techniques
Non-orthogonal multiple access for machine-type communications toward 6G
Abstract. Massive machine-type communications (mMTC) is one of the main focus areas in the fifth generation of wireless communications. It is also the fastest-growing field in terms of the number of devices. The massive increase in devices connected to the internet and global data traffic creates unprecedented requirements for future generations of wireless communications. One of the key technologies for the performance of the system is the utilized multiple access (MA) scheme. The conventional orthogonal MA (OMA) schemes from the earlier generations fail to satisfy the increasing demands for connectivity and spectral efficiency. On the contrary, non-orthogonal MA (NOMA) schemes offer the connectivity and spectral efficiency needed to enable mMTC. NOMA does this by allowing multiple users to transmit their data through the same resource blocks (RBs) simultaneously. NOMA is generally divided into two categories, namely power domain (PD-) NOMA and code domain (CD-) NOMA. PD-NOMA utilizes the power domain for the multiplexing, whereas CD-NOMA uses the code domain. This thesis focuses on the fundamentals of NOMA, MTC, and what NOMA can offer to MTC. We will also discuss the challenges and open problems that need to be solved. Finally, the thesis includes some simulations that demonstrate NOMA in practice.Ei-ortogonaalinen monikäyttö kone-tyyppisessä kommunikaatiossa kohti 6G:tä. Tiivistelmä. Massiivinen kone-tyyppinen kommunikaatio (mMTC) on yksi viidennen sukupolven langattoman viestinnän pääpainopisteistä. Se on myös nopeimmin kasvava osa-alue, kun katsotaan laitteiden lukumäärää. Internetiin yhdistettyjen laitteiden ja globaalin tietoliikenteen valtava kasvu luo ennennäkemättömiä vaatimuksia tuleville langattoman viestinnän sukupolville. Yksi avainteknologioista järjestelmän suorituskyvyn kannalta on käytetty monikäyttömenetelmä (MA). Tavanomaiset ortogonaaliset MA (OMA) -järjestelmät eivät saavuta yhdistettävyyden ja spektritehokkuuden kasvavia vaatimuksia. Sitä vastoin ei-ortogonaaliset MA (NOMA) -järjestelmät tarjoavat mMTC:n mahdollistamiseen tarvitun yhdistettävyyden ja spektritehokkuuden. NOMA saavuttaa tämän sallimalla usean käyttäjän lähettää dataa saman resurssilohkon kautta samanaikaisesti. NOMA voidaan yleisesti jakaa kahteen kategoriaan, tehoalueen NOMA:an ja koodialueen NOMA:an. Tämä työ keskittyy NOMA:n ja MTC:n perusteisiin ja siihen, mitä NOMA voi tarjota MTC-käyttökohteille. Työssä käydään myös läpi ratkaisuja vaativat haasteet ja avoimet ongelmat. Lopuksi työ sisältää simulaatioita, jotka mallintavat NOMA:n toimintaa käytännössä