Service-oriented Approach Supporting Dynamic Manufacturing Networks Operations

[EN] In the current economic crisis, also the manufacturing sector is asked to evolve towards more dynamic organizational structures within which, composing manufacturing processes, almost in real time, will become a need. This work aims at introducing flexibility and dynamisms to current manufacturing processes by separating its tasks from its final performers. With the proposed approach, the performers replacement can be done almost seamlessly. Additionally, the approach shows how dynamic negotiation and contracting, either for a whole process or a single activity, can be smoother if the task specification is based on a standard service interface defined at the ecosystem level. At the end, a prototype implementation is briefly described.Franco Pereyra, RD.; Ortiz Bas, Á.; Gómez-Gasquet, P. (2013). Service-oriented Approach Supporting Dynamic Manufacturing Networks Operations. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. 408:345-354. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40543-3_37S345354408Osório, A.L., Afsarmanesh, H., Camarinha-Matos, L.M.: Open Services Ecosystem Supporting Collaborative Networks. In: Ortiz, Á., Franco, R.D., Gómez Gasquet, P. (eds.) BASYS 2010. IFIP AICT, vol. 322, pp. 80–91. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)Afsarmanesh, H., Camarinha-Matos, L., Msanjila, S.: On management of 2nd generation Virtual Organizations Breeding Environments. Annual Reviews in Control 33(2), 209–219 (2009)Afsarmanesh, H., Camarinha-Matos, L.: A Framework for Management of Virtual Organization Breeding Environments. In: Camarinha-Matos, L.M., Afsarmanesh, H., Ortiz, A. (eds.) Collaborative Networks and Their Breeding Environments. IFIP, vol. 186, pp. 35–48. Springer, Boston (2005)Franco, R.D., Ortiz Bas, A., Gómez-Gasquet, P., Rodriguez Rodriguez, R.: Open Ecosystems, Collaborative Networks and Service Entities Integrated Modeling Approach. In: Camarinha-Matos, L.M., Xu, L., Afsarmanesh, H. (eds.) Collaborative Networks in the Internet of Services. IFIP AICT, vol. 380, pp. 74–83. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)Minguez, J., Zor, S., Reimann, P.: Event-driven business process management in Engineer-to-Order supply chains. In: 2011 15th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD), pp. 624–631 (2011)Wang, X., Cai, H., Xu, B.: An Extended Petri-Net Based Approach for Supply Chain Process Modeling and Web Service Transformation. In: International Conference on Management and Service Science, MASS 2009, pp. 1–5 (2009)Mowshowitz, A.: The switching principle in Virtual Organization. eJOV 1(1), 7–18 (1999)Franco, Ortiz Bas, Lario Esteban, F.C.: Modeling extended manufacturing processes with service-oriented entities. Service Business 3(1), 31–50 (2009)Vallejos, R.V., Lima, C., Varvakis, G.: A Framework To Create A Virtual Organization Breeding Environment In The Mould And Die Sector. In: Camarinha-Matos, L.M., Afsarmanesh, H., OIlus, M. (eds.) Network-Centric Collaboration and Supporting Frameworks. IFIP, vol. 224, pp. 599–608. Springer, Boston (2006)Bocchi, L., Fiadeiro, J., Rajper, N., Reiff-Marganiec, S.: Structure and Behaviour of Virtual Organisation Breeding Environments (January 2010)Romero, D., Molina, A.: VO breeding environments & virtual organizations integral business process management framework. Information Systems Frontiers 11(5), 569–597 (2009)Ulieru, M., Grobbelaar, S.: Engineering Industrial Ecosystems in a Networked World. In: 5th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, vol. 1, pp. 1–7 (2007)Rajini, S.N.S., Bhuvaneswari, D.T.: Service Based Architecture for Manufacturing Sector (2010)Lobov, A., Puttonen, J., Herrera, V.V., Andiappan, R., Lastra, J.L.M.: Service oriented architecture in developing of loosely-coupled manufacturing systems. In: 6th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, INDIN 2008, pp. 791–796 (2008)Jammes, F., Smit, H., Lastra, J.L.M., Delamer, I.M.: Orchestration of service-oriented manufacturing processes. In: 10th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA 2005, vol. 1, pp. 617–624 (2005)Zor, S., Görlach, K., Leymann, F.: Using BPMN for Modeling Manufacturing Processes. Neuer Wissenschaftlicher Verlag, Wien (2010

Usulan Perbaikan Order-To-Cash PT. XYZ

Persaingan rantai pasok yang semakin berkembang menuntut PT. XYZ memastikan proses yang dilakukannya sudah efisien dan kompetitif. PT. XYZ merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang manufaktur dengan cakupan pasar tidak hanya di Indonesia, namun meliputi area Asia Pasifik. Dengan jumlah pemesanan produk yang semakin besar, peningkatan kinerja proses merupakan hal yang sangat penting dilakukan bagi PT. XYZ. Peningkatan kinerja proses hendaknya dilakukan melalui metode yang terstruktur dan sistematis sehingga akar permasalahan dapat ditemukan. Metode penelitian ini mengikuti siklus hidup Manajemen Proses Bisnis dimulai dari identifikasi proses melalui pemetaan proses PT. XYZ dengan proses standar SCOR pada level 1-3. Selanjutnya dilakukan dekomposisi melalui identifikasi workflow. Pada setiap workflow, dilakukan identifikasi transaksi dalam proses SCOR. Identifikasi workflow dan transaksi akan dimodelkan dalam diagram proses bisnis berdasarkan standar BPMN 2.0. Pada tahap analisis digunakan teknik pemetaan Cause/Effect, SCOR Model and Mutual Solution (CESM) untuk penggalian masalah dan potensi perbaikan proses bisnis. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode penelitian studi kasus melalui teknik penggalian data wawancara dengan domain expert. Hasil penelitian adalah usulan perbaikan proses berupa Sistem Informasi/Teknologi Informasi (SI/TI) yang dapat meningkatkan performa proses bisnis. Usulan berfokus pada peningkatan performa dari segi penurunan waktu dan penurunan biaya melalui analisis heuristik ============= Increasingly emerging supply chain competition requires PT. XYZ ensures the process is efficient and competitive. PT. XYZ is a company engaged in manufacturing with market coverage not only in Indonesia, but covers the Asia Pacific region. With the increasing number of product orders, improved process performance is a very important thing done for PT. XYZ. Improved process performance should be done through a structured and systematic method so that the root of the problem can be found. This research method follows the life cycle of Business Process Management starting from process identification through mapping process of PT. XYZ with standard SCOR process at level 1-3. Further decomposition is done through the identification workflow. At each workflow, transaction identification is performed in the SCOR process. Workflow identification and transactions will be modeled in business process diagrams based on BPMN 2.0 standards. In the analysis phase, Cause / Effect mapping technique, SCOR Model and Mutual Solution (CESM) is used for problem mining and business process improvement potential. This research applies research method of case study through technique of data mining interview with domain expert. The result of this research is proposed process improvement in the form of Information System / Information Technology (SI / TI) which can improve business process efficiency. The proposal focuses on improving performance in terms of decreasing time and cost reduction through heuristic analysis

Evaluasi Penerapan Modul Plant Maintenance Pada Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Untuk Proses Pemeliharaan Dengan Metode Analisis Event Log (Studi Kasus PT. Freeport Indonesia)

Konteks: PT Freeport Indonesia (PTFI) adalah sebuah perusahaan tambang terbesar di Indoensia. PTFI memproses hasil tambang dengan beberapa proses. Oleh karena itu sangat banyak proses yang terjadi di perusahaan ini, sehingga PTFI membutuhkan resource yang cukup kompleks. Kompleksitas ini yang menuntut perusahaan untuk Menerapkan Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), salah satunya SAP dengan modul Plant Maintenance. Permasalahan: Permasalahan pada Tugas Akhir ini adalah bagaimana mengetahui capaian penerapan ERP modul plant maintenance apakah sudah berjalan secara optimal. PTFI juga perlu mengetahui perbedaan proses bisnis yang berjalan di perusahaan dengan yang berjalan di modul Plant Maintenance ERP dengan menganalisis catatan kejadian. Dan diharapkan dapat menghasilkan proses model bisnis yang menggambarkan proses pemeliharaan yang berjalan di perusahaan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi proses pemeliharaan berdasarkan penggunaan modul Plant Maintenance ERP pada Departemen Reliability Centered Maintenance PT. Freeport Indonesia, mengevaluasi perbedaan proses pemeliharaan yang ada di perusahaan dengan yang dijalankan pada modul Plant Maintenance ERP pada Departemen Reliability Centered Maintenance perusahaan serta menghasilkan proses bisnis pemeliharaan yang berjalan di perusahaan dan yang berjalan di modul Plant Maintenance ERP. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan dua pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi dokumen-dokumen pemeliharaan yang ada diperusahaan. Sedangkan pendekatan kuantitatif dilakukan dengan process mining. Process mining ini dilakukan untuk proses evaluasi dari proses terotomasi yang didapatkan dari analisis pada event log. Langkah berikutnya adalah menentukan attribut data pada event log yang dibutuhkan pada penelitian dan diekstraksi. Setelah itu event log diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak Disco. Hasil: Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini merupakan hasil evaluasi berdasarkan penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif menggunakan process mining event log. Didapatkan perbedaan proses bisnis sebanyak 6 variant. Dari 2211 Event Log hanya 1611 Event Log yang sesuai dengan standar SAP. Serta ditemukan permasalahan dari implementasi ERP modul plant maintenance berupa waktu siklus yang melebihi standar serta penyimpangan role pada proses maintenance order. ================================================================================================================================= Context: PT Freeport Indonesia (PTFI) is the largest mining company in Indonesia. PTFI processes mining products through several processes. Therefore, there are so many processes that occur in this company, that PTFI requires quite complex resources. This complexity requires companies to Implement Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), one of which is SAP with the Plant Maintenance module. Problems: The problem in this Final Project is how to find out whether the implementation of the ERP plant maintenance module is running optimally. PTFI also needs to know the difference between the business processes running in the company and those running in the Plant Maintenance ERP module by analyzing the incident records. And is expected to produce a business model process that describes the maintenance process that runs in the company. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the maintenance process based on the use of the ERP Plant Maintenance module at the Reliability Centered Maintenance Department of PT. Freeport Indonesia, evaluates the difference between existing maintenance processes in the company and those that are run on the ERP Plant Maintenance module at the company's Reliability Centered Maintenance Department and produces maintenance business processes that run at the company and those that run on the Plant Maintenance ERP module. Method: This study uses two qualitative and quantitative approaches. A qualitative approach is carried out by interviewing and observing the maintenance documents in the company. While the quantitative approach is done by process mining. This mining process is carried out for the evaluation process of the automated process obtained from the analysis of the event log. The next step is to determine the data attributes of the event log that are needed for research and extraction. After that the event log is processed using Disco software. Results: The results obtained from this study are the results of evaluations based on qualitative and quantitative research using the event mining process log. Obtained a difference of 6 variant business processes. Of the 2211 Event Logs, only 1611 Event Logs were compliant with SAP standards. And found the problems of the implementation of ERP plant maintenance modules in the form of cycle times that exceed the standard and the role deviation in the maintenance order process

Framework for Sales and Operations Planning in Engineer-to-Order Environment

In recent years, sales and operations planning (S&OP) has become an integral part of the supply chain functions in many organizations. S&OP is seen as a way to create organizational alignment with the operating strategy and as a result improve revenue, decrease inventory levels and reduce costs. Thus, its positive effect on company’s performance has clearly been noticed. Despite the growing practical interest towards the implementation and execution of S&OP, the research around the topic has focused on consumer goods or pharmaceutical industry and on Make-to-Stock (MTS) environment. This master’s thesis studies the execution and best practices related to S&OP in industrial manufacturing in Engineer-to-Order (ETO) environment. The goal of the research is to develop a framework for the execution of S&OP for companies operating in ETO context. In addition, a deeper understanding is sought on the factors that create the need to customize S&OP based on the requirements of ETO environment. These objectives were addressed by first developing a framework related to S&OP execution in MTS environment based on the current academic literature. Through an empirical study, the assumptions of the framework were tested by interviewing S&OP process stakeholders within an organization operating in ETO environment. This provided a chance to gain understanding on how S&OP is carried out in the context of ETO and what are the similarities and differences compared to S&OP in MTS environment. Based on these findings, the initial framework was modified to the needs and requirements of ETO context. As a result, an execution framework for S&OP in ETO environment was created. The framework constructed passed the weak market test carried out in this research and is being implemented in the case company. The findings of this study imply that there are differences in the execution of S&OP between MTS and ETO environment and, hence, the processes should be managed differently. It was evident that S&OP should be customized according to the requirements of the business environment. The found factors with the greatest impact on the need to customize S&OP in ETO context are fluctuating demand, difficulty to forecast and wide and complex product portfolio. Due to the existence of these factors, there is a need to place high emphasis on demand planning, scenario analysis and strategy and risk analysis as part of the S&OP in ETO environment. In addition, finance should be integrated as part of the process and the transparency of the process and decision-making should be secured. The framework constructed in this study provides opportunities for organizations operating in ETO environment to enhance their S&OP practices and, hence, ensure continuous competitiveness

A service orientated architecture and wireless sensor network approach applied to the measurement and visualisation of a micro injection moulding process. Design, development and testing of an ESB based micro injection moulding platform using Google Gadgets and business processes for the integration of disparate hardware systems on the factory shop floor

Factory shop floors of the future will see a significant increase in interconnected devices for monitoring and control. However, if a Service Orientated Architecture (SOA) is implemented on all such devices then this will result in a large number of permutations of services and composite services. These services combined with other business level components can pose a huge challenge to manage as it is often difficult to keep an overview of all the devices, equipment and services. This thesis proposes an SOA based novel assimilation architecture for integrating disparate industrial hardware based processes and business processes of an enterprise in particular the plastics machinery environment. The key benefits of the proposed architecture are the reduction of complexity when integrating disparate hardware platforms; managing the associated services as well as allowing the Micro Injection Moulding (µIM) process to be monitored on the web through service and data integration. An Enterprise Service Bus (ESB) based middleware layer integrates the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based environmental and simulated machine process systems with frontend Google Gadgets (GGs) based web visualisation applications. A business process framework is proposed to manage and orchestrate the resulting services from the architecture. Results from the analysis of the WSN kits in terms of their usability and reliability showed that the Jennic WSN was easy to setup and had a reliable communication link in the polymer industrial environment with the PER being below 0.5%. The prototype Jennic WSN based µIM process monitoring system had limitations when monitoring high-resolution machine data, therefore a novel hybrid integration architecture was proposed. The assimilation architecture was implemented on a distributed server based test bed. Results from test scenarios showed that the architecture was highly scalable and could potentially allow a large number of disparate sensor based hardware systems and services to be hosted, managed, visualised and linked to form a cohesive business process