Anatomy of cluster development in China: The case of health biotech clusters

Focussing on China's health biotech clusters the study explores the anatomy of interaction in as well as between various clusters. While the literature has identified the existence of a dense network of durable interactions among firms and between firms and academia at a particular location as one of the most important prerequisites for well-performing clusters, we show that network ties extending beyond regional boundaries are equally valuable for the innovative capacity of China's biotech firms. Analysing the demographic process of cluster emergence we show that there exist different types of biotech clusters in China, which are closely linked and exchange knowledge and technology amongst each other. It appears as if further analysis of these cross-cluster links may provide important insights of how learning and innovation works in China's health biotech industry. Although China's science parks and industrial bases may on an individual basis appear to be badly structured, the organization of China's health biotech industry turns out to be substantially enhanced once these external linkages are taken into consideration. --China,health biotechnology,cluster,entrepreneurship,localization

Framework for female entrepreneurship in China

Entrepreneurial activity by women in the China has become more active in recent years with much greater attention being paid within and outside of China. Academic research has sought to describe current conditions and future trends; however, there has been little systematic research done in this area. The aim of this paper is to provide a clear picture of the general background and characteristics of Chinese female entrepreneurship based on Eastern cultural features. In addition, an entrepreneurial conceptual model about mainland Chinese women\u27s entrepreneurial activity is presented and a case study is used for illustration

NINGBO: A REGIONAL CITY LEAPFROG INTO HI-TECH DEVELOPMENT

The dynamic development in Ningbo illustrates local changes that have their basis in government support and resources from all levels of government. The rapid development arises from a combination of excellent infrastructure, a strong private entrepreneurship and strong foreign direct Investment (FDI) to exploit the geographical location which will be further enhanced when the bridge, across Hangzhou Bay to Shanghai, is completed by 2008.Ningbo, a famous port city in China, reached in 2000 a population of six million. It is situated 100 kilometres from Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province, and 150 kilometres across the water from Shanghai. In terms of geo-economics Ningbo is an integral part of the dynamic Yangtze Delta region; but Ningbo is also trying to develop its own niche based on its comparative advantage. This is an important feature of China’s regional development model. Ningbo is the native place of Ningbo Bird, the forerunner in China’s, as well as a strong contender in the global, mobile handset industry. Ningbo has traditionally been a location for car component industries with early development of spark plugs and car wheels. The Geely car company has used Ningbo for its national expansion The Ningbo car components industry is expanding fuelled by support from the mould industry and a number of private supplier entrepreneurs. There are three major moulding industry centres in China. The moulding industry in Ningbo now employs about 100,000 workers. Ningbo does not want to remain only in knowledge application but in knowledge creation too. To this end Ningbo has four national-scale development zones, one hi-tech zone and 10 provincial and municipal level development zones which cater to both shipping and trade sectors; it is widely using incubators to stimulate new technologies. The Ningbo Hi-Tech Park is an important hi-tech zone in the region. jointly developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ningbo Municipal Government, it was opened in July 1999. In March 2004, the Chinese Ministry of Education approved the establishment of Ningbo-Nottingham China's first Sino-foreign university. The new university will be founded jointly by the University of Nottingham of Britain and the Zhejiang Wanli University in Ningbo with an investment of RMB600 million.Regional innovation system; local universities; industrial parks; incubators; clusters; industrial zones

Research on the Development Status, Influencing Factors and Support Measures of Taizhou Gazelle Companies

A gazelle is a company with a rapid high-growth rate that has been increasing its revenues by at least 20% annually for four years or more, starting from a revenue base of at least $1 million. This steady growth trend means that the company has more than doubled its revenues over a four-year period. Gazelle companies are characterized by fast sales growth, rather than their absolute size, they can range in size from small companies to very large companies, though a majority of them are on the small scale businesses. Gazelle is small company that grows rapidly, increases revenue, with big contribution to the growth of the economy", such company now has entered the high growth stage across the entrepreneurial Death Valley image of innovative companies. The short history of these companies establishes that this companies has the following features to their credit fast growth, new areas of expertise, development potential and innovative ability which are important indicators of the evaluation of a country or region of innovation and economic development vitality and core competitiveness of the region. Looking at well-known cities at home and abroad, which actively introduced various policies to boost the development of Gazelle companies, leading to the regional economic fission. In Taizhou, gazelle companies is undoubtedly the main force of innovation, entrepreneurship, and first-class business which is to adjust the structure of Taizhou, promoting and upgrading the driving force of  the region. To understand the present situation of the development of Taizhou gazelle companies, to study the factors influencing the development of Gazelle companies, to learn from the policy experience of promoting the development of Gazelle companies in domestic and foreign regions or cities, to form the policy system of cultivating and supporting the Gazelle companies in Taizhou. Keywords: Gazelle Enterprise; Development Status; Influencing Factors; Countermeasure Suggestions. DOI: 10.7176/JESD/11-8-02 Publication date: April 30th 202

Chinese Industrial and Science Parks: Bridging the Gap

This article proposes the addition of a ?bridge high technology? stage to Park’s (1996) Asian development model, based upon field research and analysis of four ?science and technology parks? in different regions of China: Shenzhen, Shanghai, Suzhou, and Xi’an. Initially established as learning districts to foster technology transfer from foreign to domestic enterprises, these specially configured spaces exhibit a variety of interactions indicating an increasing shift toward domestically generated technology for native companies. The mix and type of companies in parks at different locations within China reflect the locational comparative advantages of each place, whether as an outgrowth of local research or by government design

The role of geographical proximity in the establishment and development of science parks – evidence from Nanjing, China

The emergence of science parks is a relatively new phenomenon in China. Apart from the widely debated topics of university–industry linkages, collaboration among firms and spontaneous/policy-driven science parks, the development of science parks in China also has several distinguishing characteristics, such as their ambiguous linkage with urban expansion and their hierarchical structuring pattern. This paper attempts to discuss the motivation and efficiency of spatial proximity in science park development and to explore the role of universities in science parks, the function of science parks as a government project and a case study of location choice by on-site firms. The qualitative analysis, based on in-depth interviews with tenant firm managers and district-level government officers in Jiangning, Nanjing, is used as a basis for discussion

ICT Cluster Formation in China， Model Exploration for Yangtze Delta based on the Oresund experience

This paper aims to analyze the influential factors by parallel analysis of both regions (Yangtze and Oresund) and then explore the possible model for Yangtze ICT cluster based on the experience of Oresund ICT. Through the qualitative and quantitative analysis, we find the result that there is no universal model of cluster that can be applied to any region directly. The model of Chinese ICT cluster needs to be investigated specifically with the consideration of the powerful government and weak collaborative environment. Moreover, we extracted some factors which used to measure the success of cluster, including the overall factors of trust, leadership, and open‐dialogue. Finally our modified triple helix model was developed by combing the lifecycle and triple helix models, which we expect to show the creative idea for cluster modeling

Proceedings of 2012 Annual Meeting of the Academy of International Business-US North East Chapter: Business Without Borders

Proceedings of the 2012 Academy of International Business-US North East Chapter Fairfield, Connecticut, October 11-13, 2012. Business Without Borders. Host, John F. Welch College of Business, Sacred Heart University. Editor, Jang\u27an Tang. AIB-NE 2012 Conference Co-Chairs, Khawaja Mamun, Ph.D. and Jang\u27an Tang

Business plan: Innovative business plan for Turkish-style theme restaurant in Suzhou, China

In recent years, China's economy has risen at a breakneck pace. The demand and level of consumption for food has been gradually increasing in addition to the daily needs of the people, which has led to the continuous growth of the catering industry in China. The Internet has dramatically changed our lives in the 21st century and has also affected the catering industry with constant innovations. It is no longer a single mode like before, but has become more abundant and convenient. This master thesis has the key objective of evaluating the feasibility of opening a Turkish restaurant in Suzhou, China. For this reason, this master's thesis comes as a business plan. The COVID-19 pandemic has swept the world in the last two years, wreaking havoc on people's lives. In order to control the continued spread of the pandemic, countries have adopted policies of production shutdown and home quarantine to reduce controls on human movement and exposure. It has had a significant negative impact on China's current economy situation, particularly on the country's real economy. Although the situation in China has largely returned to normal over the last year, there will inevitably be sporadic occurrences of outbreaks, which can also lead to shutdowns. In this article, I will discuss the possibilities and responses to opening a Turkish restaurant in Suzhou in the circumstances of COVID-19. In order to better understand the business environment around the restaurant, we need to collect and analyze some data to develop this project. We needed to perform internal and external analysis to determine if the restaurant has an advantage over other competitors. After reviewing the results, a strategic analysis and marketing plan was proposed. Finally, a financial analysis was conducted to determine if the event was financially and economically viable. In addition to that, we should consider the daily activities and unexpected responses in the current pandemic situation. After that, it is obvious that we have a lot of opportunities and advantages. We can see that the restaurant is strongly profitable and able to pay off the bank loan in the first year as well as prepare the capital for the second year of operation. We hope that we can provide the neighborhood with healthy and tasty food that is different from the current Chinese market cuisine that many people may not have tried before. Customers can experience the foreign culture and quality service in the restaurant. If we can achieve cultural exchange, this is our highest goal.Nos últimos anos, a economia da China cresceu em um ritmo vertiginoso. A demanda e o nível de consumo de alimentos vêm aumentando gradualmente, além das necessidades diárias das pessoas, o que levou ao crescimento contínuo da indústria de catering na China. A Internet mudou drasticamente nossas vidas no século 21 e também afetou a indústria de catering com inovações constantes. Não é mais um modo único como antes, mas tornou-se mais abundante e conveniente. Esta dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo principal avaliar a viabilidade de abertura de um restaurante turco em Suzhou, China. Por esta razão, esta dissertação de mestrado surge como um plano de negócios. A pandemia do COVID-19 varreu o mundo nos últimos dois anos, causando estragos na vida das pessoas. Para controlar a propagação contínua da pandemia, os países adotaram políticas de paralisação da produção e quarentena domiciliar para reduzir os controles sobre o movimento e a exposição humanos. Teve um impacto negativo significativo na atual situação da economia chinesa, particularmente na economia real do país. Embora a situação na China tenha voltado ao normal em grande parte no ano passado, inevitavelmente haverá ocorrências esporádicas de surtos, que também podem levar a paralisações. Neste artigo, discutirei as possibilidades e respostas para a abertura de um restaurante turco em Suzhou nas circunstâncias do COVID-19. Para entender melhor o ambiente de negócios ao redor do restaurante, precisamos coletar e analisar alguns dados para desenvolver este projeto. Precisávamos realizar análises internas e externas para determinar se o restaurante tem vantagem sobre os demais concorrentes. Após a análise dos resultados, foi proposta uma análise estratégica e um plano de marketing. Por fim, foi realizada uma análise financeira para determinar se o evento era financeira e economicamente viável. Além disso, devemos considerar as atividades diárias e as respostas inesperadas na atual situação de pandemia. Depois disso, é óbvio que temos muitas oportunidades e vantagens. Podemos ver que o restaurante é fortemente lucrativo e capaz de pagar o empréstimo bancário no primeiro ano, bem como preparar o capital para o segundo ano de operação