DiDiMap. Diet Diary and Consumption Control for Monitoring Bowel Dysfunctions and low-FODMAP Diet App

The purpose of this project was to design and implement a mobile application for people with bowel dysfunctions, intolerances, and food allergies. The application was expected to provide all needed functionality for the target groups day to day challenges. Irritable bowel syndrome, intolerances, and food allergies affect a significant portion of the population. On a world basis, 15\% of the population are affected by IBS alone. Although intolerances and food allergies are handled better than before in terms of adaptation from restaurants, food producers, and grocery stores, there’s still a long way to go. Food producers and caterers must, by law, inform consumers of whether their products contain certain common allergens. If a person has an allergy or intolerance outside the standard, there’s little information to get. A systematic review and an app review mapping existing knowledge and implementations for similar apps were conducted. A mobile application was implemented for a low-FODMAP (Fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) use case based on the conducted reviews features and shortcomings. The app contains features such as optical character recognition to identify potential trigger foods, barcode scanning of food products to retrieve nutritional and intolerance information, and a log to track meals, events during the day, and symptoms. The application also includes a communication platform for connecting and communicating with peers, which can later be expanded into discussion and motivation groups. Unlike other similar applications in the market, the app provides, in addition to peer communication, all needed functionality in a single platform, which enables utilization of log data for consumption control. We conducted a trial of the application with 65 users who were currently following a low-FODMAP diet. Of these 8 people responded to an anonymous survey asking users to rank the system's usability on a scale, and to answer a few application-specific questions. Feedback from user testing indicated a great interest in the app. Through the survey the app gained a system usability score of 85/100, and 75\% thought the app would greatly simplify the process of following the low-FODMAP diet

An Ethical Evaluation of Three Digitization Measures in the Health Sector: How to Better Accommodate Patients Suffering Chronic Diseases

Denne masteravhandlingen er en kvalitativ beskrivelse og etisk analyse av tre digitaliseringstiltak som er gjort for å følge opp pasienter som lider av kroniske sykdommer. Masteroppgaven gir en historisk innføring i den etiske utviklingen av forholdet mellom pasient og lege, med fokus på de fire etiske prinsippene; velgjørenhet (beneficene), ikke skade (non-maleficence), rettferdighet (justice) og respekten for selvbestemmelse (autonomy). Disse fire etiske prinsippene vil være rammeverket som utgjør den etiske analysen av de tre digitaliseringstiltakene oppgaven tar for seg. En sentral del av masteravhandlingen vil være å belyse at det kreves et tverrfaglig samarbeid mellom flere fagfelt for at teknologi og helse skal følge etiske normer. Masteravhandling diskuterer hvilke etiske implikasjoner vi møter når etikk og digitalisering møtes i et symbiotisk forhold innenfor medisinske oppfølgingsmetoder. Noen eksempler på etiske implikasjoner vil være generasjons gap i forbindelse med brukervennlighet av digitaliserte medisinske tiltak, rettferdig fordeling av medisinske tiltak og ressurser uavhengig av økonomisk og geografisk bakgrunn og stigmatisering av enkelte pasientgrupper som lider av kroniske sykdommer. De tre digitaliseringstiltakene er forskjellige i deres metodiske gjennomføring som utspiller seg i ulike etiske utfordringer relatert til de fire etiske prinsippene. Oppgaven belyser viktigheten i at gode etiske retningslinjer må gjenspeiles i utviklingen og gjennomføringen av digitaliserte tiltak for oppfølging av pasienter med kroniske sykdommer.Mastergradsoppgave i digital kulturDIKULT35

minIBD: mobilapplikasjon til selvhjelp for personer med IBD

Denne masteroppgaven presenterer mobilapplikasjonen minIBD som skal støtte selvhjelp for personer med inammatorisk tarmsykdom (IBD) og bidra som et hjelpemiddel under konsultasjon mellom pasient og lege. En deltakende designprosess har inkludert åtte personer med IBD og to medisinske eksperter i utviklingen av applikasjonen. Fokuset har vært å designe en brukervennlig løsning som dekker de mest generelle behovene til personer med IBD. Utviklingen består av fire designiterasjoner som inneholder prototyper av lav til høy fidelitet. minIBD har tre hovedmoduler; Humør-modulen, Toalettbesøk-modulen, og Smertemodulen. I modulene skal brukerne kunne gjennomføre registreringer som kan bidra til at de oppnår en større kontroll over sykdommen. Data fra registreringer blir presentert i en graf slik at brukerne kan følge sitt eget sykdomsforløp og bli mer oppmerksom på når symptomene forverrer seg eller blir bedre. Forslag fra brukere og medisinske eksperter underveis i utviklingen var svært nyttig. Brukerne forslo blant annet at applikasjonen kunne ha tilpassbare og automatiske løsninger, både for å dekke flere behov og for å effektivisere registreringer. De medisinske ekspertene mente at applikasjonen kunne være et nyttig hjelpemiddel under konsultasjon, spesielt hvis applikasjonen kunne gi indikasjoner på om behandlingen fungerte. Både personer med IBD og medisinske eksperter har vært positive til en ny applikasjon, noe som resulterte i en høy «System Usability»-poengsum. Evaluering av brukervennlighet med seks IT-eksperter ga også positive resultater som indikerer at minIBD er et effektivt verktøy som utfører de oppgavene det skal gjøre. Resultatene tyder på at det er et behov for å utnytte teknologiske hjelpemidler som kan støtte selvhjelp i hverdagen til personer med IBD. Videre arbeid inkluderer implementasjon av funksjonalitet og testing av applikasjonen i kliniske studier for å undersøke kliniske utfall for brukere. minIBD bør også integreres i det norske helsevesenet for å kombinere data fra applikasjonen med eksisterende pasientjournaler.Masteroppgave i informasjonsvitenskapINFO390MASV-INFOMASV-IK

Telemedicine

Telemedicine is a rapidly evolving field as new technologies are implemented for example for the development of wireless sensors, quality data transmission. Using the Internet applications such as counseling, clinical consultation support and home care monitoring and management are more and more realized, which improves access to high level medical care in underserved areas. The 23 chapters of this book present manifold examples of telemedicine treating both theoretical and practical foundations and application scenarios

pHealth 2021. Proc. of the 18th Internat. Conf. on Wearable Micro and Nano Technologies for Personalised Health, 8-10 November 2021, Genoa, Italy

Smart mobile systems – microsystems, smart textiles, smart implants, sensor-controlled medical devices – together with related body, local and wide-area networks up to cloud services, have become important enablers for telemedicine and the next generation of healthcare services. The multilateral benefits of pHealth technologies offer enormous potential for all stakeholder communities, not only in terms of improvements in medical quality and industrial competitiveness, but also for the management of healthcare costs and, last but not least, the improvement of patient experience. This book presents the proceedings of pHealth 2021, the 18th in a series of conferences on wearable micro and nano technologies for personalized health with personal health management systems, hosted by the University of Genoa, Italy, and held as an online event from 8 – 10 November 2021. The conference focused on digital health ecosystems in the transformation of healthcare towards personalized, participative, preventive, predictive precision medicine (5P medicine). The book contains 46 peer-reviewed papers (1 keynote, 5 invited papers, 33 full papers, and 7 poster papers). Subjects covered include the deployment of mobile technologies, micro-nano-bio smart systems, bio-data management and analytics, autonomous and intelligent systems, the Health Internet of Things (HIoT), as well as potential risks for security and privacy, and the motivation and empowerment of patients in care processes. Providing an overview of current advances in personalized health and health management, the book will be of interest to all those working in the field of healthcare today

Making the best use of new technologies in the National Diet and Nutrition Survey: a review

.Background Dietary assessment is of paramount importance for public health monitoring. Currently in the UK, the population’s diets are examined by the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (NDNS RP). In the survey, diet is assessed by a four-day paper-based dietary diary, with accompanying interviews, anthropometric measurements and blood and urine sampling. However, there is growing interest worldwide in the potential for new technologies to assist in data collection for assessment of dietary intake. Published literature reviews have identified the potential of new technologies to improve accuracy, reduce costs, and reduce respondent and researcher burden by automating data capture and the nutritional coding process. However, this is a fast-moving field of research, with technologies developing at a rapid pace, and an updated review of the potential application of new technologies in dietary assessment is warranted. This review was commissioned to identify the new technologies employed in dietary assessment and critically appraise their strengths and limitations in order to recommend which technologies, if any, might be suitable to develop for use in the NDNS RP and other UK population surveys. Objectives The overall aim of the project was to inform the Department of Health of the range of new technologies currently available and in development internationally that have potential to improve, complement or replace the methods used in the NDNS RP. The specific aims were: to generate an itinerary of new and emerging technologies that may be suitable; to systematically review the literature and critically appraise new technologies; and to recommend which of these new technologies, if any, would be appropriate for future use in the NDNS RP. To meet these aims, the project comprised two main facets, a literature review and qualitative research. Literature review data sources The literature review incorporated an extensive search of peer-reviewed and grey literature. The following sources were searched: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE), Web of Science Core Collection, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE In-Process, Embase, NHS EED (Economic Evaluation Database), National Cancer Institute (NCI) Dietary Assessment Calibration/Validation Register, OpenGrey, EPPI Centre (TRoPHI), conference proceedings (ICDAM 2012, ISBNPA 2013, IEEE Xplore, Nutrition Society Irish Section and Summer Meetings 2014), recent issues of journals (Journal of Medical Internet Research, International Journal of Medical Informatics), grants registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, BBSRC, report), national surveys, and mobile phone application stores. In addition, hand-searching of relevant citations was performed. The search also included solicitation of key authors in the field to enquire about Making the best use of new technologies in the NDNS: a review 4 as-yet unpublished articles or reports, and a Bristol Online Survey publicised via social media, society newsletters and meetings. Literature review eligibility criteria Records were screened for eligibility using a three-stage process. Firstly, keyword searches identified obviously irrelevant titles. Secondly, titles and abstracts were screened against the eligibility criteria, following which full-text copies of papers were obtained and, in the third stage of screening, examined against the criteria. Two independent reviewers screened each record at each stage, with discrepancies referred to a third reviewer. Eligibility criteria were pre-specified and agreed by the project Steering Group (Section 1.6). Eligible records included: studies involving technologies, new to the NDNS RP, which can be used to automate or assist the collection of food consumption data and the coding of foods and portion sizes, currently available or beta versions, public domain or commercial; studies that address the development, features, or evaluation of new technology; technologies appropriate for the requirements of the NDNS RP in terms of nutritional analysis, with capacity to collect quantifiable consumption data at the food level; primary sources of information on a particular technology; and journal articles published since the year 2000 or grey literature available from 2011 onwards. The literature search was not limited to Englishlanguage publications, which are included in the itinerary, although data were not extracted from non-English studies. Literature synthesis and appraisal New technologies were categorised into eleven types of technology, and an itinerary was generated of tools falling under each category type. Due to the volume of eligible studies identified by the literature searches, data extraction was limited to the literature focussing on selected exemplar tools of five technology categories (web-based diet diary, web-based 24- hour recall, handheld devices (personal digital assistants and mobile phones), nonautomated cameras to complement traditional methods, and non-automated cameras to replace traditional methods). For each category, at least two exemplars were chosen, and all studies involving the exemplar were included in data extraction and synthesis. Exemplars were selected on the basis of breadth of evidence available, using pre-specified criteria agreed by the Steering Group. Data were extracted by a single reviewer and an evidence summary collated for each exemplar. A quality appraisal checklist was developed to assess the quality of validation studies. The checklist was piloted and applied by two independent reviewers. Studies were not excluded on the basis of quality, but study quality was taken into account when judging the strength of evidence. Due to the heterogeneity of the literature, meta-analyses were not performed. References were managed and screened using the EPPI Reviewer 4 systematic review software. EPPI Reviewer was also used to extract data

A Building Information Modeling (BIM)-centric Digital Ecosystem for Smart Airport Life Cycle Management

An increasing number of new airport infrastructure construction and improvement projects are being delivered in today\u27s modern world. However, value creation is a recurring issue due to inefficiencies in managing capital expenditures (CapEx) and operating expenses (OpEx), while trying to optimize project constraints of scope, time, cost, quality, and resources. In this new era of smart infrastructure, digitalization transforms the way projects are planned and delivered. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a key digital process technique that has become an imperative for today\u27s Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operations (AECO) sector. This research suggests a BIM-centric digital ecosystem by detailing technical and strategic aspects of Airport BIM implementation and digital technology integration from a life cycle perspective. This research provides a novel approach for consistent and continuous use of digital information between business and functional levels of an airport by developing a digital platform solution that will enable seamless flow of information across functions. Accordingly, this study targets to achieve three objectives: 1- To provide a scalable know-how of BIM-enabled digital transformation; 2- To guide airport owners and major stakeholders towards converging information siloes for airport life cycle data management by an Airport BIM Framework; 3- To develop a BIM-based digital platform architecture towards realization of an airport digital twin for airport infrastructure life cycle management. Airport infrastructures can be considered as a System of Systems (SoS). As such, Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) with Systems Modeling Language (SysML) is selected as the key methodology towards designing a digital ecosystem. Applying MBSE principles leads to forming an integrating framework for managing the digital ecosystem. Furthermore, this research adopts convergent parallel mixed methods to collect and analyze multiple forms of data. Data collection tools include extensive literature and industry review; an online questionnaire; semi-structured interviews with airport owner parties; focus group discussions; first-hand observations; and document reviews. Data analysis stage includes multiple explanatory case study analyses, thematic analysis, project mapping, percent coverage analysis for coded themes to achieve Objective 1; thematic analysis, cluster analysis, framework analysis, and non-parametric statistical analysis for Objective 2; and qualitative content analysis, non-parametric statistical analysis to accomplish Objective 3. This research presents a novel roadmap toward facilitation of smart airports with alignment and integration of disruptive technologies with business and operational aspects of airports. Multiple comprehensive case study analyses on international large-hub airports and triangulation of organization-level and project-level results systematically generate scalable technical and strategic guidelines for BIM implementation. The proposed platform architecture will incentivize major stakeholders for value-creation, data sharing, and control throughout a project life cycle. Introducing scalability and minimizing complexity for end-users through a digital platform approach will lead to a more connected environment. Consequently, a digital ecosystem enables sophisticated interaction between people, places, and assets. Model-driven approach provides an effective strategy for enhanced decision-making that helps optimization of project resources and allows fast adaptation to emerging business and operational demands. Accordingly, airport sustainability measures -economic vitality, operational efficiency, natural resources, and social responsibility- will improve due to higher levels of efficiency in CapEx and OpEx. Changes in business models for large capital investments and introducing sustainability to supply chains are among the anticipated broader impacts of this study