A Systematic Literature Review on Progressive Web Application Practice and Challenges

This research aims to establish a knowledge of Progressive Web Application (PWA) method practices based on published empirical investigation, the problems that the PWA method may face, and the PWA method's approach to experimental studies. We also looked for PWA practices that might address the issues with the prior method. We performed a broad, automated search to find SLRs and 43 papers published from 1 January 2015 to 6 November 2021 that discuss PWA. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to determine which relevant studies we used for our research purposes. The review identified 31 practices of PWA, Six challenges of the previous approach of mobile application development that get resolved by PWA, and seven challenges posed by the practice of PWA. PWA was introduced in 2015, and since 2017 the studies on PWA topics have started increasing. The distribution of studies based on nations is spread evenly. 74\% of selected studies are about the practice of the PWA. Although it cannot be generalized that the PWA approach handles the challenge of the previous method, some studies reported that PWA covers the problems of the previous methods. However, despite its benefits, PWA still has some challenges, mostly related to browser support

Dawning of Progressive Web Applications (PWA): Edging Out the Pitfalls of Traditional Mobile Development

Over the years, there has been a constant increase in the demand for mobile software due to the constant increase in the number of smart phones. Mobile developers have the liberty to adopt different development architectures or strategies which includes the native app, mobile web app, hybrid app and the new Progressive Web App (PWA). PWA which combines the features of the native and web development strategies emerged as a better alternative to other development approaches due to additional benefits such as offline capability, background synchronization and so on despite several concerns that have been raised towards the efficiency of PWAs. Hence, this research work aims at performing a comparative study on the existing mobile development architectures using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) technique, performing feature comparison on the native, hybrid and PWA architecture and finally argues for the PWA development architecture based on the comparisons. The comparison will aid researchers and development firm in understanding the concept of PWA thereby motivating them to adopt this strategy for further development

M-health review: joining up healthcare in a wireless world

In recent years, there has been a huge increase in the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) to deliver health and social care. This trend is bound to continue as providers (whether public or private) strive to deliver better care to more people under conditions of severe budgetary constraint

Hierarchical Classification and its Application in University Search

Web search engines have been adopted by most universities for searching webpages in their own domains. Basically, a user sends keywords to the search engine and the search engine returns a flat ranked list of webpages. However, in university search, user queries are usually related to topics. Simple keyword queries are often insufficient to express topics as keywords. On the other hand, most E-commerce sites allow users to browse and search products in various hierarchies. It would be ideal if hierarchical browsing and keyword search can be seamlessly combined for university search engines. The main difficulty is to automatically classify and rank a massive number of webpages into the topic hierarchies for universities. In this thesis, we use machine learning and data mining techniques to build a novel hybrid search engine with integrated hierarchies for universities, called SEEU (Search Engine with hiErarchy for Universities). Firstly, we study the problem of effective hierarchical webpage classification. We develop a parallel webpage classification system based on Support Vector Machines. With extensive experiments on the well-known ODP (Open Directory Project) dataset, we empirically demonstrate that our hierarchical classification system is very effective and outperforms the traditional flat classification approaches significantly. Secondly, we study the problem of integrating hierarchical classification into the ranking system of keywords-based search engines. We propose a novel ranking framework, called ERIC (Enhanced Ranking by hIerarchical Classification), for search engines with hierarchies. Experimental results on four large-scale TREC (Text REtrieval Conference) web search datasets show that our ranking system with hierarchical classification outperforms the traditional flat keywords-based search methods significantly. Thirdly, we propose a novel active learning framework to improve the performance of hierarchical classification, which is important for ranking webpages in hierarchies. From our experiments on the benchmark text datasets, we find that our active learning framework can achieve good classification performance yet save a considerable number of labeling effort compared with the state-of-the-art active learning methods for hierarchical text classification. Fourthly, based on the proposed classification and ranking methods, we present a novel hierarchical classification framework for mining academic topics from university webpages. We build an academic topic hierarchy based on the commonly accepted Wikipedia academic disciplines. Based on this hierarchy, we train a hierarchical classifier and apply it to mine academic topics. According to our comprehensive analysis, the academic topics mined by our method are reasonable and consistent with the real-world topic distribution in universities. Finally, we combine all the proposed techniques together and implement the SEEU search engine. According to two usability studies conducted in the ECE and the CS departments at our university, SEEU is favored by the majority of participants. To conclude, the main contribution of this thesis is a novel search engine, called SEEU, for universities. We discuss the challenges toward building SEEU and propose effective machine learning and data mining methods to tackle them. With extensive experiments on well-known benchmark datasets and real-world university webpage datasets, we demonstrate that our system is very effective. In addition, two usability studies of SEEU in our university show that SEEU has a great promise for university search

Automation and Adaptation: Information Technology, Work Practices, and Labor Demand at Three Firms

The use of information and communication technology to automate routine tasks involves two types of innovation: technological and organizational. Together, improvements in technological capabilities and complementary changes made by firms in the way they organize work and implement work practices constitute the conditions under which machines substitute for or complement human workers. Building on the prevailing model of routine-biased technical change and recent insights into organizational complementarities, I conduct three qualitative case studies in health care and real estate to assess the relationship between technology and firm-level labor demand. Unique combinations of technological innovation, organizational complementarity, and decision-making at each firm produce differential impacts for labor demand, with even similar technologies exhibiting quite different patterns of substitution for workers of all skill types. In addition, studying firm-level complementarities illuminates how and why the scope of the routine task may be growing, with particularly important implications for relatively higher skill workers

Empowering Women? Engaging a Technology Grant for Social Change

This paper examines and exposes the writing and implementation of a project, funded by a federal government grant that worked to increase the technological literacy levels of women at an urban working-class university in the Midwest. This three-year study/intervention clearly reveals that disrupting the ‘digital divide’ for working-class women at our university, particularly women of color, requires engagements with the material and practical realities of their everyday lives. In addition to findings in relation to gender, race, low-income communities and technology, participation in this study/intervention illuminated for the authors—anti-racist, feminist academics and organizers—the consequences and costs of moving epistemological frameworks to acquire the needed resources to fuel our project. Shaping this project to pass in an ideologically ‘neutral’ landscape rendered us proficient in, and subsequently shaped by, this landscape. In exploring this research path, we name and expose conflicts over institutional ‘turf,’ the consequences of taking federal resources to pursue our agenda, the failures of the project, alongside the more data-driven findings of the project that relate to gender and technology. We analyze the most ‘successful’ and unimagined component of this project: the importance of creating spaces where students can participate as legitimate community members (for our population this means in part as paid workers) to learn technological skills without the notable presence of a teacher, a class or curriculum

Evaluación de rendimiento de un sistema web desarrollada mediante la tecnología de aplicaciones web progresivas

Desde sus inicios la web, ha sido construida con tecnología tradicional (HTML, CSS y JS), y pensadas para usarse en las grandes pantallas y no en función de la usabilidad del usuario. Así mismo se observa que en los últimos años aún se pierden millones de dólares en el mundo, por la razón que aún se encuentra páginas web mal diseñadas o son lentas al momento de cargarse. Como objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es la evaluación del rendimiento de un Sistema web mediante la tecnología de aplicaciones web progresivas. La investigación empieza haciendo un estudio de los Frameworks más utilizados tanto para el desarrollo como para el diseño web, de esta manera se seleccionó por conveniencia los Frameworks Laravel y Vue por la razón que ambas manejan la arquitectura MVC y se encuentran entre los más usados. Luego se seleccionó como caso de estudio el desarrollo de un sistema web de reservas de ambientes el cual se desarrolló con la ayuda de los frameworks anteriormente seleccionados. De esta manera se obtuvo los dos sistemas, el sistema tradicional y el sistema con la tecnología de aplicaciones web progresivas. Para luego de esto se realizó los casos de pruebas para cada uno de los sistemas desarrollados y fueron evaluados por 5 herramientas GTmetrix, Pagetestweb, Lighthouse, Pingdom, PageSpeed Insights las cuales fueron promediadas para el resultado de los indicadores. Como resultado con una concurrencia alta de 30 usuarios en MITR, MTR, MATR, Índice de velocidad, tamaño de la web y consumo de RAM para el sistema tradicional es de (7208, 10033, 16463, 2.70Seg, 690.97Kb,168.8 Mb) y para el sistema con tecnología de aplicaciones web progresivas (5506, 10779, 19761, 2,62 Seg, 729,47Kb, 306 Mb). Finalmente se llegó a la conclusión que el sistema web con la tecnología de aplicaciones web progresivas si tuvo una leve mejora de rendimiento en casi todos sus indicadores menos en el tamaño de la web como en el consumo de memoria.TesisInfraestructura, Tecnología y Medio Ambient

E-government transformation and organisational learning: the case of Supreme Court Registry Office in Korea

This thesis critically reviews and evaluates theories of organisational learning and IT-related organisational change with particular reference to the task of explaining users’ acceptance (or rejection) of new technology. It seeks to develop a conceptual model of organisational learning and apply it to the particular case of recent IT-related (e-government) organisational change in Korea’s Supreme Court Registry Office (SCRO). Hitherto, there has been no systematic attempt to analyse the way in which management theories contribute to the electronic government (e-government) transformation effort within the public sector. This thesis seeks to fill this gap by synthesising perspectives drawn from the study of public sector organisation, IT, organisational transformation, and organisational learning. The analysis of the case study organisation (based on a qualitative research methodology) identifies various organisational learning phenomena occurring during the change project within the SCRO. In particular, it elaborates the interplay between the process of learning and change in the level of users’ acceptance (or rejection) of the new technology (the change over time is presented graphically in the form of a ‘support curve’). The research follows the organisational-transformation project since 1994 in terms of the process innovation diffusion model (Cooper and Zmud), which identifies the following key stages: initiation, adoption, adaptation, acceptance, routinisation and infusion (Cooper and Zmud). For each of these stages, processes of organisational learning are linked to the level of users’ acceptance. This aspect of the analysis involves considering the nature and scope of collective, mutual, situated, single-loop and double- loop learning; learning by doing; team learning; and leadership. These various approaches to organisational learning, which emerge from the analysis of the existing organisational-learning literature, are applied to the case analysis to bring out major developments in the SCRO’s organisational transformation. The findings derived from this study provide a framework that can be further applied and tested in future research, and that will also allow public sector management to continuously anticipate the problems involved in cultivating and sustaining users’ acceptance of new technology and nurturing appropriate organisational learning