Protocol Design and Performance Evaluation of Wake-up Radio enabled IoT Networks

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Design and implementation of application-specific medium access control protocol for scalable smart home embedded systems

Thesis (M.S.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2016By incorporating electrical devices, appliances and house features in a system that is controlled and monitored either remotely or on-site, smart home technologies have recently gained an increasing popularity. There are several smart home systems already available, ranging from simple on-site home monitoring to self-learning and Wi-Fi enabled systems. However, current systems do not fully make use of recent technological advancement and synergy among a variable number of sensors for improved data collection. For a synergistic system to be provident it needs to be modular and scalable to match exact user needs (type of applications and adequate number of sensors for each application). With an increased number of sensors intelligently placed to optimize the data collection, a wireless network is indispensable for a flexible and inexpensive installation. Such a network requires an efficient medium access control protocol to sustain a reliable system, provide flexibility in design and to achieve lower power consumption. This thesis brings to light practical ways to improve current smart home systems. As the main contribution of this work, we introduce a novel application-specific medium access control protocol able to support suggested improvements. In addition, a smart home prototype system is implemented to evaluate the protocol performance and prove concepts of recommended advances. This thesis covers the design of the proposed novel medium access protocol and the software/hardware implementation of the prototype system focusing on the monitoring and data analysis side, while providing inputs for the control side of the system. The smart home system prototype is Wi-Fi and Web connected, designed and implemented to emphasize system usability and energy efficiency

Wireless Powering Internet of Things with UAVs: Challenges and Opportunities

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have the potential to overcome the deployment constraint of Internet of Things (IoT) in remote or rural area. Wirelessly powered communications (WPC) can address the battery limitation of IoT devices through transferring wireless power to IoT devices. The integration of UAVs and WPC, namely UAV-enabled Wireless Powering IoT (Ue-WPIoT) can greatly extend the IoT applications from cities to remote or rural areas. In this article, we present a state-of-the-art overview of Ue-WPIoT by first illustrating the working flow of Ue-WPIoT and discussing the challenges. We then introduce the enabling technologies in realizing Ue-WPIoT. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the enabling technologies in Ue-WPIoT. We finally outline the future directions and open issues.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

MAC Protocols for WuR Enabled WSNs : Design and Performance Evaluation

Master's thesis Information- and communication technology IKT591 - University of Agder 2017Increasing energy efficiency is a challenging task for protocol design in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) as well as in Internet of things (IoT). Traditionally, duty-cycled (DC) protocols have been widely adopted for data transmissions in WSNs for energy conservation by reducing idle listening and overhearing. Recently, wake-up radio (WuR) has merged as a promising technique to replace DC protocols thanks to its superior performance in both network lifetime and transmission latency. This thesis work focuses on the design and performance evaluation of WuR-enabled MAC protocols considering various traffic conditions and network topologies. As the first step, we investigate the niche of WuR by putting forward a question: Does WuR always consume lower energy than DC protocols? Through in-depth analysis, we ascertain the outstanding energy performance of WuR at light traffic loads. At the same time, we reveal its disadvantages at heavy traffic loads. Secondly, we propose a WuR protocol that is capable of avoiding WuC collisions by enabling a contention-based collision avoidance mechanism for WuC transmissions. The performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated by a Markov chain based mathematical model. Numerical results indicate that our proposed protocol achieves higher packet delivery radio (PDR) and network throughput, with the cost of slightly longer packet delay, compared with an existingWuR protocol. Thirdly, we propose another WuR protocol, referred to as EHA-WuR, which is designed to avoid energy hole in multi-hop networks for multipoint-to-point transmissions. Three operation modes are designed for EHA-WuR. The proposed protocol is implemented in Omnet++ simulator. Numerical results indicate that EHA-WuR significantly extends network lifetime compared with the traditional hop-by-hop operation mode. Key words: Wireless sensor networks, Internet of things, Wake-up radio, Collision avoidance, Energy hole proble

An IoT-Aware Architecture for Smart Healthcare Systems

none7Over the last few years, the convincing forward steps in the development of Internet-of-Things (IoT) enabling solutions are spurring the advent of novel and fascinating applications. Among others, mainly Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), and smart mobile technologies are leading this evolutionary trend. In the wake of this tendency, this paper proposes a novel, IoTaware, smart architecture for automatic monitoring and tracking of patients, personnel, and biomedical devices within hospitals and nursing institutes. Staying true to the IoT vision, we propose a Smart Hospital System (SHS) which relies on different, yet complementary, technologies, specifically RFID, WSN, and smart mobile, interoperating with each other through a CoAP/6LoWPAN/REST network infrastructure. The SHS is able to collect, in real time, both environmental conditions and patients’ physiological parameters via an ultra-low-power Hybrid Sensing Network (HSN) composed of 6LoWPAN nodes integrating UHF RFID functionalities. Sensed data are delivered to a control center where an advanced monitoring application makes them easily accessible by both local and remote users via a REST web service. The simple proof of concept implemented to validate the proposed SHS has highlighted a number of key capabilities and aspects of novelty which represent a significant step forward compared to the actual state of art.restrictedCATARINUCCI L.; DE DONNO D.; MAINETTI L.; PALANO L.; PATRONO L.; STEFANIZZI M.; TARRICONE L.Catarinucci, Luca; DE DONNO, Danilo; Mainetti, Luca; Palano, L.; Patrono, Luigi; Stefanizzi, MARIA LAURA; Tarricone, Lucian

5G Energy Efficiency Overview

It is a critical requirement for the future of 5G communication networks to provide high speed and significantly reduce network energy consumption. In the Fifth Generation (5G), wireless cellular networks, smartphone battery efficiency, and optimal utilization of power have become a matter of utmost importance. Energy-efficient networks along with an energy-saving strategy in mobile devices play a vital role in the mobile revolution. The goal of energy efficiency, apart from its ecological value, is also associated with the reduction of operational expenses for mobile network operators, as well as with greater customer satisfaction thanks to increased battery life. Battery and power are an area of significant challenges considering that smartphones are nowadays equipped with advanced technological network features and interfaces. These features require a lot of simultaneous power to make decisions and to transfer information between devices and networks to provide the best user experience. Furthermore, to meet the demands of increased data capacity, data rate, and to provide the best quality of service, there is a need to adopt energy-efficient architectures. The new strategies should not only focus on wireless base stations, which consumes most of the power, but it should also take into consideration the other power consumption elements for future mobile communication networks, including User Equipment (UE). In this paper, we do an overview of power consumption and improvements made so far on the networks and user equipment side and provide our proposals on how to overcome these power- European Scientific Journal, ESJ ISSN: 1857-7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857-7431 January 2021 edition Vol.17, No.3 www.eujournal.org 316 hungry issues on the newly 5G systems