Identification and Security Implications of Biometrics

The usage of biometrics has become more frequent over the past couple of decades, notably due to technological advancements. Evolving technology in the field of biometrics has also led to increased accuracy of associated software, which have provided the opportunity to use a multitude of different human characteristics for identification and/or verification purposes. The current study assessed the usage of biometrics in casinos, hospitals, and law enforcement agencies using a survey methodology. Results indicated that privacy concerns related to the use of biometrics may not be as prevalent as indicated in the literature. Additionally, results indicated that the utilization of biometrics has led to increased accuracy in identification and verification processes, led to enhanced security, and would be highly recommended to other institutions. Information obtained from the literature notes the racial bias in facial recognition technologies due to algorithmic development based solely upon features of Caucasian individuals. Efforts need to be made to create facial recognition algorithms that are more racially and ethnically diverse

Distributed authentication to preserve privacy through smart card based biometric matching

Bibliography: pages 135-139.This thesis focuses on privacy concerns, specifically those relating to the storage and use of biometrics. These concerns result from the fact that biometric information is unique. This uniqueness makes the biometric a very strong identifier increasing the possibility that it could be used to monitor an individual's activities. An expert can extract considerable information from a biometric scan, ranging from the age or gender to whether the individual has certain diseases

Biometric Verification System for Automated Teller Machine (ATM)

Biometric Verification System for Automated Teller Machine (ATM) will serve as an alternative for the current verification system that uses ATM card and personal identification number (PIN) to protect against fraud and effectively eliminating most common attempts to gain unauthorized access. With biometric technology, customer can gain access to their account through smart card approach combined with biometric technology to automatically identify individuals using their distinct physical or behavioral characteristics. The main objective of this project is to solve the problems that arise from using PIN as the base of ATM verification system. These include unauthorized access into financial accounts, stealing money, ATM fraud and many more. To ensure a reliable project output, the author had outlined the scope of study for the proposed project. It involves the study of ATM system, biometrics technology, architecture, the benefits and the drawback of each approach and the current trend in the market. The development of this system will be based on the RAD methodology

Secure Authentication for Mobile Users

RÉSUMÉ :L’authentification biométrique telle que les empreintes digitales et la biométrie faciale a changé la principale méthode d’authentification sur les appareils mobiles. Les gens inscrivent facilement leurs modèles d’empreintes digitales ou de visage dans différents systèmes d’authentification pour profiter de leur accès facile au smartphone sans avoir besoin de se souvenir et de saisir les codes PIN/mots de passe conventionnels. Cependant, ils ne sont pas conscients du fait qu’ils stockent leurs caractéristiques physiologiques ou comportementales durables sur des plates-formes non sécurisées (c’est-à-dire sur des téléphones mobiles ou sur un stockage en nuage), menaçant la confidentialité de leurs modèles biométriques et de leurs identités. Par conséquent, un schéma d’authentification est nécessaire pour préserver la confidentialité des modèles biométriques des utilisateurs et les authentifier en toute sécurité sans compter sur des plates-formes non sécurisées et non fiables.La plupart des études ont envisagé des approches logicielles pour concevoir un système d’authentification sécurisé. Cependant, ces approches ont montré des limites dans les systèmes d’authentification sécurisés. Principalement, ils souffrent d’une faible précision de vérification, en raison des transformations du gabarit (cancelable biometrics), de la fuite d’informations (fuzzy commitment schemes) ou de la réponse de vérification non en temps réel, en raison des calculs coûteux (homomorphic encryption).---------- ABSTRACT: Biometric authentication such as fingerprint and face biometrics has changed the main authentication method on mobile devices. People easily enroll their fingerprint or face template on different authentication systems to take advantage of their easy access to the smartphone with no need to remember and enter the conventional PINs/passwords. However, they are not aware that they store their long-lasting physiological or behavioral characteristics on insecure platforms (i.e., on mobile phones or on cloud storage), threatening the privacy of their biometric templates and their identities. Therefore, an authentication scheme is required to preserve the privacy of users’ biometric templates and securely authenticate them without relying on insecure and untrustworthy platforms. Most studies have considered software-based approaches to design a privacy-reserving authentication system. However, these approaches have shown limitations in secure authentication systems. Mainly, they suffer from low verification accuracy, due to the template transformations (in cancelable biometrics), information leakage (in fuzzy commitment schemes), or non real-time verification response, due to the expensive computations (in homomorphic encryption)

A Survey on Biometrics based Key Authentication using Neural Network

The conventional method for user authentication is a password known to the user only. There is no security in the use of passwords if the password is known to an imposter and also it can be forgotten. So it is necessary to develop a better security system. Hence, to improve the user authentication passwords are replaced with biometric identification of the user. Thus usage of biometrics in authentication system becomes a vital technique. Biometric scheme are being widely employed because of their security merits over the earlier authentication system based on records that can be easily lost, guessed or forged. This is because the biometrics is unique for every individual and is complex than passwords. Commonly used biometrics is fingerprint, iris, retina, face, hand geometry, palm, etc. The two issues to be considered for user authentication system are recognition of the authorized user and rejection of the impostor. So a better classifier is necessary to perform this task. Some of the widely used classifier is based on fuzzy logic, neural network, etc. Among those, neural network can be efficient in classification. This survey provides various biometrics based authentication system based on neural network

Recent Application in Biometrics

In the recent years, a number of recognition and authentication systems based on biometric measurements have been proposed. Algorithms and sensors have been developed to acquire and process many different biometric traits. Moreover, the biometric technology is being used in novel ways, with potential commercial and practical implications to our daily activities. The key objective of the book is to provide a collection of comprehensive references on some recent theoretical development as well as novel applications in biometrics. The topics covered in this book reflect well both aspects of development. They include biometric sample quality, privacy preserving and cancellable biometrics, contactless biometrics, novel and unconventional biometrics, and the technical challenges in implementing the technology in portable devices. The book consists of 15 chapters. It is divided into four sections, namely, biometric applications on mobile platforms, cancelable biometrics, biometric encryption, and other applications. The book was reviewed by editors Dr. Jucheng Yang and Dr. Norman Poh. We deeply appreciate the efforts of our guest editors: Dr. Girija Chetty, Dr. Loris Nanni, Dr. Jianjiang Feng, Dr. Dongsun Park and Dr. Sook Yoon, as well as a number of anonymous reviewers

Multi-Modal Biometrics: Applications, Strategies and Operations

The need for adequate attention to security of lives and properties cannot be over-emphasised. Existing approaches to security management by various agencies and sectors have focused on the use of possession (card, token) and knowledge (password, username)-based strategies which are susceptible to forgetfulness, damage, loss, theft, forgery and other activities of fraudsters. The surest and most appropriate strategy for handling these challenges is the use of naturally endowed biometrics, which are the human physiological and behavioural characteristics. This paper presents an overview of the use of biometrics for human verification and identification. The applications, methodologies, operations, integration, fusion and strategies for multi-modal biometric systems that give more secured and reliable human identity management is also presented

Biometric Standards Survey

This document presents a quick survey on the most important standards regarding biometric technologies, concentrating mainly in those concerning the smartcard environment