880,600 research outputs found
Principal component analysis-based inversion of effective temperatures for late-type stars
We show how the range of application of the principal component
analysis-based inversion method of Paletou et al. (2015) can be extended to
late-type stars data. Besides being an extension of its original application
domain, for FGK stars, we also used synthetic spectra for our learning
database. We discuss our results on effective temperatures against previous
evaluations made available from Vizier and Simbad services at CDS.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&
Assessing extrema of empirical principal component functions
The difficulties of estimating and representing the distributions of
functional data mean that principal component methods play a substantially
greater role in functional data analysis than in more conventional
finite-dimensional settings. Local maxima and minima in principal component
functions are of direct importance; they indicate places in the domain of a
random function where influence on the function value tends to be relatively
strong but of opposite sign. We explore statistical properties of the
relationship between extrema of empirical principal component functions, and
their counterparts for the true principal component functions. It is shown that
empirical principal component funcions have relatively little trouble capturing
conventional extrema, but can experience difficulty distinguishing a
``shoulder'' in a curve from a small bump. For example, when the true principal
component function has a shoulder, the probability that the empirical principal
component function has instead a bump is approximately equal to 1/2. We suggest
and describe the performance of bootstrap methods for assessing the strength of
extrema. It is shown that the subsample bootstrap is more effective than the
standard bootstrap in this regard. A ``bootstrap likelihood'' is proposed for
measuring extremum strength. Exploratory numerical methods are suggested.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053606000000371 in the
Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Removal of Spectro-Polarimetric Fringes by 2D Pattern Recognition
We present a pattern-recognition based approach to the problem of removal of
polarized fringes from spectro-polarimetric data. We demonstrate that 2D
Principal Component Analysis can be trained on a given spectro-polarimetric map
in order to identify and isolate fringe structures from the spectra. This
allows us in principle to reconstruct the data without the fringe component,
providing an effective and clean solution to the problem. The results presented
in this paper point in the direction of revising the way that science and
calibration data should be planned for a typical spectro-polarimetric observing
run.Comment: ApJ, in pres
Genetic Diversity of Selected Upland Rice Genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) for Grain Yield and Related Traits
Seventy-seven upland rice genotypes including popular cultivars in Nigeria and introduced varieties selected from across rice-growing regions of the world were evaluated under optimal upland ecology. These genotypes were characterised for 10 traits and the quantitative data subjected to Pearson correlation matrix, Principal Component Analysis and cluster analysis to determine the level of diversity and degree of association existing between grain yield and its related component traits. Yield and most related component traits exhibited higher PCV compared to growth parameters. Yield had the highest PCV (41.72%) while all other parameters had low to moderate GCV. Genetic Advance (GA) ranged from 9.88% for plant height at maturity to 41.08% for yield. High heritability estimates were recorded for 1000 grain weight (88.71%), days to 50% flowering (86.67%) and days to 85% maturity (71.98%). Furthermore, grain yield showed significant positive correlation with days to 50% flowering and number of panicles m-2. Three cluster groups were obtained based on the UPGMA and the first three principal components explained about 64.55% of the total variation among the 10 characters. The PCA results suggests that characters such as grain yield, days to flowering, leaf area and plant height at maturity were the principal discriminatory traits for this rice germplasm indicating that selection in favour of these traits might be effective in this population and environment
Evaluating Local Garlic (Allium sativum L ) Accessions using Multivariate Analysis Based on agro-morphological Characters in Southern Tigray, Ethiopia
To assess the diversity and trait association of eight local garlic accessions, a study was conducted in southern Tigray, Ethiopia using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during 2014 cropping season. Cluster analysis using Ward's method classified the eight accessions into three clusters. Cluster I and III were equally with three number of accessions while, cluster II contains two accessions. The three principal component analysis with Eigen value greater than one explained 81% of the variability in the data set. Using the first principal component and the second principal component indirect selection could be effective using all accessions except accessions three and eight. The accessions by trait biplot showed that traits under study have positive association signifying narrow angle between them. Key words: cluster analysis, principal component, garlic accessions
Optimized Principal Component Analysis on Coronagraphic Images of the Fomalhaut System
We present the results of a study to optimize the principal component
analysis (PCA) algorithm for planet detection, a new algorithm complementing
ADI and LOCI for increasing the contrast achievable next to a bright star. The
stellar PSF is constructed by removing linear combinations of principal
components, allowing the flux from an extrasolar planet to shine through. The
number of principal components used determines how well the stellar PSF is
globally modelled. Using more principal components may decrease the number of
speckles in the final image, but also increases the background noise. We apply
PCA to Fomalhaut VLT NaCo images acquired at 4.05 micron with an apodized phase
plate. We do not detect any companions, with a model dependent upper mass limit
of 13-18 M_Jup from 4-10 AU. PCA achieves greater sensitivity than the LOCI
algorithm for the Fomalhaut coronagraphic data by up to 1 magnitude. We make
several adaptations to the PCA code and determine which of these prove the most
effective at maximizing the signal-to-noise from a planet very close to its
parent star. We demonstrate that optimizing the number of principal components
used in PCA proves most effective for pulling out a planet signal.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 7 pages, 9 figure
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