3,288 research outputs found
Planeación de despacho óptimo de plantas virtuales de generación en sistemas eléctricos de potencia mediante flujos óptimos de potencia AC
El sistema eléctrico se encuentra en un
desarrollo constante, referente a la
demanda requerida por el usuario, por lo
cual, la generación convencional no
abastece con plenitud a los sistemas
eléctricos de potencia (SEP), y las
pérdidas y costos de operación son cada
día más elevados, por lo tanto, esta
investigación plantea la inserción de
plantas virtuales de generación (VPP), con
el fin de brindar servicios de soporte al
sistema y garantizar mayor visibilidad y
participación de energías renovables no
convencionales (ERNC) las cuales
englobarán a una transición más amigable
con el medio ambiente. Por lo cual, se
implementará una heurística para el
despacho de la VPP basado en flujos
óptimos de potencia AC (FOP-AC). De
esta manera se busca maximizar los
beneficios de la VPP, minimizar los costos
de la generación convencional y reducir
las sobrecargas en horas pico suponiendo
la existencia de VPP, respetando
restricciones de balance de potencia activa
y reactiva, límite de voltajes en los nodos
y cargabilidad en las líneas de transmisión.
Todo el análisis se lo efectuará en estado
estable y para efectos de validación se
utilizará el modelo de prueba del IEEE de
30 barras en el cual se analizarán
diferentes casos de estudio. Para la
simulación del SEP se usará Digsilent
Power Factory, mientras que para la
modelación y resolución del modelo de
optimización se ocupará Matlab y GAMS
respectivamente.The electrical system is in a constant
development, referring to the demand
required by the user, so the conventional
generation does not fully supply the
electrical power systems (EPS), and the
losses and operating costs are increasing
every day, therefore, this research
proposes the insertion of virtual power
plants (VPP), in order to provide support
services to the system and guarantee
greater visibility and participation of nonconventional renewable energies (NCRE)
which will encompass to a more
environmentally friendly transition.
Therefore, a heuristic for the dispatch of
VPP based on optimal power flows AC
(OPF-AC) will be implemented in the
device. In this way’s seeks to maximize
the benefits of VPP, minimize the costs of
conventional generation and reduce
overloads at peak times assuming the
existence of VPP, respecting restrictions
of active and reactive power balance, limit
of voltages at the nodes and loadability in
the transmission lines. All analysis will be
performed in a stable state and for
validation purposes the 30-bar IEEE test
model will be used in which different case
studies. Will be analyzed Digsilent Power
Factory will be used for EPS simulation,
while Matlab and GAMS will be used for
modeling and resolution of the
optimization model respectively
Modeling Energy Communities with Collective Photovoltaic Self-Consumption: Synergies between a Small City and a Winery in Portugal
The recently approved regulation on Energy Communities in Europe is paving the way for
new collective forms of energy consumption and production, mainly based on photovoltaics. However,
energy modeling approaches that can adequately evaluate the impact of these new regulations
on energy community configurations are still lacking, particularly with regards to the grid tariffs
imposed on collective systems. Thus, the present work models three different energy community
configurations sustained on collective photovoltaics self-consumption for a small city in southern
Portugal. This energy community, which integrates the city consumers and a local winery, was
modeled using the Python-based Calliope framework. Using real electricity demand data from
power transformers and an actual winery, the techno-economic feasibility of each configuration
was assessed. Results show that all collective arrangements can promote a higher penetration of
photovoltaic capacity (up to 23%) and a modest reduction in the overall cost of electricity (up to 8%).
However, there are clear trade-offs between the different pathways: more centralized configurations
have 53% lower installation costs but are more sensitive to grid use costs (which can represent up to
74% of the total system costs). Moreover, key actor’s individual self-consumption rate may decrease
by 10% in order to benefit the energy community as a whole.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Advances in Energy System Optimization
The papers presented in this open access book address diverse challenges in decarbonizing energy systems, ranging from operational to investment planning problems, from market economics to technical and environmental considerations, from distribution grids to transmission grids, and from theoretical considerations to data provision concerns and applied case studies. While most papers have a clear methodological focus, they address policy-relevant questions at the same time. The target audience therefore includes academics and experts in industry as well as policy makers, who are interested in state-of-the-art quantitative modelling of policy relevant problems in energy systems. The 2nd International Symposium on Energy System Optimization (ISESO 2018) was held at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) under the symposium theme “Bridging the Gap Between Mathematical Modelling and Policy Support” on October 10th and 11th 2018. ISESO 2018 was organized by the KIT, the Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), the Heidelberg University, the German Aerospace Center and the University of Stuttgart
Dynamic Incentives for Optimal Control of Competitive Power Systems
Technologisch herausfordernde Transformationsprozesse wie die Energiewende können durch passende Anreizsysteme entscheidend beschleunigt werden. Ziel solcher Anreize ist es hierbei, ein Umfeld idealerweise so zu schaffen, dass das Zusammenspiel aller aus Sicht der beteiligten Wettbewerber individuell optimalen Einzelhandlungen auch global optimal im Sinne eines übergeordneten Großziels ist. Die vorliegende Dissertation schafft einen regelungstechnischen Zugang zur Frage optimaler Anreizsysteme für heutige und zukünftige Stromnetze im Zieldreieck aus Systemstabilität, ökonomischer Effizienz und Netzdienlichkeit. Entscheidende Neuheit des entwickelten Ansatzes ist die Einführung zeitlich wie örtlich differenzierter Echtzeit-Preissignale, die sich aus der Lösung statischer und dynamischer Optimierungsprobleme ergeben. Der Miteinbezug lokal verfügbarer Messinformationen, die konsequente Mitmodellierung des unterlagerten physikalischen Netzes inklusive resistiver Verluste und die durchgängig zeitkontinuierliche Formulierung aller Teilsysteme ebnen den Weg von einer reinen Anreiz-Steuerung hin zu einer echten Anreiz-Regelung. Besonderes Augenmerk der Arbeit liegt in einer durch das allgemeine Unbundling-Gebot bedingten rigorosen Trennung zwischen Markt- und Netzakteuren. Nach umfangreicher Analyse des hierbei entstehenden geschlossenen Regelkreises erfolgt die beispielhafte Anwendung der Regelungsarchitektur für den Aufbau eines neuartigen Echtzeit-Engpassmanagementsystems. Weitere praktische Vorteile des entwickelten Ansatzes im Vergleich zu bestehenden Konzepten werden anhand zweier Fallstudien deutlich. Die port-basierte Systemmodellierung, der Verzicht auf zentralisierte Regeleingriffe und nicht zuletzt die Möglichkeit zur automatischen, dezentralen Selbstregulation aller Preise über das Gesamtnetz hinweg stellen schließlich die problemlose Erweiterbarkeit um zusätzliche optionale Anreizkomponenten sicher
Dynamic Incentives for Optimal Control of Competitive Power Systems
This work presents a real-time dynamic pricing framework for future electricity markets. Deduced by first-principles analysis of physical, economic, and communication constraints within the power system, the proposed feedback control mechanism ensures both closed-loop system stability and economic efficiency at any given time. The resulting price signals are able to incentivize competitive market participants to eliminate spatio-temporal shortages in power supply quickly and purposively
System strength shortfall challenges for renewable energy-based power systems: A review
Renewable energy sources such as wind farms and solar power plants are replacing conventional coal-based synchronous generators (SGs) to achieve net-zero carbon emissions worldwide. SGs play an important role in enhancing system strength in a power system to make it more stable during voltage/frequency disruptions. However, traditional coal-fired SGs are being decommissioned in many parts of the world, owing to stringent environmental regulations and low levelized cost of energy of renewables. Consequently, maintaining system strength in a renewable energy-dominated power system has become a major challenge, and without adequate mitigation techniques, low system strength can potentially cause widespread power outages. This paper provides an overview of system strength and its measurement techniques in a power system with a large number of renewable energy sources (RESs), for example solar and wind farms. The review includes the system strength measurement techniques, mitigation approaches, and future challenges
Dynamic Incentives for Optimal Control of Competitive Power Systems
This work presents a real-time dynamic pricing framework for future electricity markets. Deduced by first-principles analysis of physical, economic, and communication constraints within the power system, the proposed feedback control mechanism ensures both closed-loop system stability and economic efficiency at any given time. The resulting price signals are able to incentivize competitive market participants to eliminate spatio-temporal shortages in power supply quickly and purposively
Voltage Rise Problem in Distribution Networks with Distributed Generation: A Review of Technologies, Impact and Mitigation Approaches
Energy demand has constantly been on the rise due to aggressive industrialization and civilization. This rise in energy demand results in the massive penetration of distributed generation (DG) in the distribution network (DN) which has been a holistic approach to enhance the capacity of distribution networks. However, this has led to a number of issues in the low voltage network, one of which is the voltage rise problem. This happens when generation exceeds demand thereby causing reverse power flow and consequently leading to overvoltage. A number of methods have been discussed in the literature to overcome this challenge ranging from network augmentation to active management of the distribution networks. This paper discusses the issue of voltage rise problem and its impact on distribution networks with high amounts of distributed energy resources (DERs). It presents different DG technologies such as those based on conventional and unconventional resources and other DERs such as battery storage systems and fuel cells. The study provides a comprehensive overview of approaches employed to curtail the issue of voltage increase at the point of common coupling (PCC), which includes strategies based on the network reinforcement methodology and the active distribution network management. A techno-economic comparison is then introduced in the paper to ascertain the similarities and dissimilarities of different mitigation approaches based on the technology involved, ease of deployment, cost implication, and their pros and cons. The paper provides insights into directions for future research in mitigating the impact of voltage rise presented by grid-connected DGs without limiting their increased penetration in the existing power grid
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