Design an Internet of Things-Based LPG Gas Leak Detection System

LPG currently plays a big role in human life, both in industry and households. However, since the existence of LPG, there have been many cases of fires caused by LPG gas leaks. Undetected LPG gas leaks can cause sparks and can trigger fires. Therefore, currently an LPG gas detection device is needed. The system designed in this study uses an MQ-6 sensor to detect LPG gas, and NodeMCU as a microcontroller. This system not only detects leaking gas, but can also provide alerts and information to the Blynk application on smartphones by utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT). System testing resulted in an error value in detecting gas of 9.52% and the distance between the system and the smartphone was 500 meters. The sensor can detect gas well when the distance between the gas and the sensor is no more than 10 cm. The system can provide information to the smartphone if a gas leak is detected and can provide alerts by turning on the buzzer and LEDs

A smart fire detection system using iot technology with automatic water sprinkler

House combustion is one of the main concerns for builders, designers, and property residents. Singular sensors were used for a long time in the event of detection of a fire, but these sensors can not measure the amount of fire to alert the emergency response units. To address this problem, this study aims to implement a smart fire detection system that would not only detect the fire using integrated sensors but also alert property owners, emergency services, and local police stations to protect lives and valuable assets simultaneously. The proposed model in this paper employs different integrated detectors, such as heat, smoke, and flame. The signals from those detectors go through the system algorithm to check the fire's potentiality and then broadcast the predicted result to various parties using GSM modem associated with the system. To get real-life data without putting human lives in danger, an IoT technology has been implemented to provide the fire department with the necessary data. Finally, the main feature of the proposed system is to minimize false alarms, which, in turn, makes this system more reliable. The experimental results showed the superiority of our model in terms of affordability, effectiveness, and responsiveness as the system uses the Ubidots platform, which makes the data exchange faster and reliable

Control de eficiencia eléctrica aplicado al confort de un Smart Home utilizando teoría de grafos

El presente artículo aborda la planeación y despliegue de una red de sensores inalámbricos (RSI) dentro de un hogar inteligente o smart home bajo una infraestructura heterogénea de comunicación (IHC). Esto nos permitirá capturar información (temperatura, humedad relativa., etc.) en tiempo real del área en el que el sensor será emplazado. Además, permitirá tomar acciones de control proporcional integral para garantizar un uso eficiente del recurso energético. Una vez que se disponga de datos, estos serán enviados a un punto de acceso de información (PAI) mismo que recolecta datos de al menos un sensor inalámbrico (SI) para redireccionarlos hacia un centro de gestión y control (CGC). Con ello se pretende proporcionar una vida asistida dentro de un hogar inteligente, maximizando el confort del usuario. RSI se relacionan de forma directa con el despliegue, topología y la energía de consuno. El hardware y software será implementado utilizando teoría de grafos.This article studied the planning and deployment of a wireless sensor network (WSN) within a smart home under a heterogeneous communication infrastructure (HCI). This will allow us to capture information (temperature, relative humidity, etc.) in real time of the area in which the sensor will be located. Moreover, it will allow taking integral proportional control actions to guarantee efficient use of the energy resource. Once data is available, it will be sent to an access point (AP) that collects information from at least one wireless sensor (SI) to redirect it to a management and control center (MCC). This is intended to provide assisted living within a smart home, maximizing user comfort. RSI are directly related to deployment, topology, and energy consumption. The hardware and software will be implemented using graph theory

Automatic Fire Extinguisher System with Safety Features for Vehicles

This project is aimed to prevent vehicles from fire explosions. In this project we used sensor, pipe valve, Fire extinguisher and Arduino. The sensor and pipe valve are placed in near the areas where there is a possible to catch on fire. The sensor and valve are connected to the Arduino and the valve is also connected to the fire extinguisher. Arduino is powered by separate battery. The working of the project is like whenever the fire is detected by the sensor, it transmits the signal to the Arduino and the Arduino transmit signal to the valve which is placed near to that fire. While doing this process, the Arduino unlock the central lock system of the vehicle and disconnect the battery to prevent the spreading of fire. For that we use separate battery for the Arduino. And also we use wi-fi module which send alert message to the fire station about the fire

A mobile based control system for smart homes

A Smart Home Control System can provide a secure home, convenience, comfort, and interactivity of life in a particular home. The system can enable the automatic controlling of a house via a Smart Phone. These systems are becoming vital and widely used in homes to improve conditions of life. Most commercial home automation systems are expensive and their maintenance would require experts who understand the underlying implementation of the systems. This study developed a mobile-based home automation system prototype. The system was developed using the waterfall model methodology. To evaluate the developed system, the study used a simulation method. Ten trials were conducted to determine the performance of the implemented system. The mean time to failure was used to evaluate the system’ reliability. The system’s performance analysis revealed that the developed system performed better than the two other approaches; the Bluetooth and ZigBee. The developed system showed a 0 percent error, while the Bluetooth had 8 percent error and ZigBee 6 percent error. The reliability results showed the average lifespan of assets in the system before they could fail. Knowing the lifespan of an asset before it fails can help in reducing downtime of the system by planning or scheduling maintenance and develop an improved maintenance strategy.Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 202

A mobile based control system for smart homes

A Smart Home Control System can provide a secure home, convenience, comfort, and interactivity of life in a particular home. The system can enable the automatic controlling of a house via a Smart Phone. These systems are becoming vital and widely used in homes to improve conditions of life. Most commercial home automation systems are expensive and their maintenance would require experts who understand the underlying implementation of the systems. This study developed a mobile-based home automation system prototype. The system was developed using the waterfall model methodology. To evaluate the developed system, the study used a simulation method. Ten trials were conducted to determine the performance of the implemented system. The mean time to failure was used to evaluate the system’ reliability. The system’s performance analysis revealed that the developed system performed better than the two other approaches; the Bluetooth and ZigBee. The developed system showed a 0 percent error, while the Bluetooth had 8 percent error and ZigBee 6 percent error. The reliability results showed the average lifespan of assets in the system before they could fail. Knowing the lifespan of an asset before it fails can help in reducing downtime of the system by planning or scheduling maintenance and develop an improved maintenance strategy.Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 202

Smart Gas Sensors: Materials, Technologies, Practical ‎Applications, and Use of Machine Learning – A Review

The electronic nose, popularly known as the E-nose, that combines gas sensor arrays (GSAs) with machine learning has gained a strong foothold in gas sensing technology. The E-nose designed to mimic the human olfactory system, is used for the detection and identification of various volatile compounds. The GSAs develop a unique signal fingerprint for each volatile compound to enable pattern recognition using machine learning algorithms. The inexpensive, portable and non-invasive characteristics of the E-nose system have rendered it indispensable within the gas-sensing arena. As a result, E-noses have been widely employed in several applications in the areas of the food industry, health management, disease diagnosis, water and air quality control, and toxic gas leakage detection. This paper reviews the various sensor fabrication technologies of GSAs and highlights the main operational framework of the E-nose system. The paper details vital signal pre-processing techniques of feature extraction, feature selection, in addition to machine learning algorithms such as SVM, kNN, ANN, and Random Forests for determining the type of gas and estimating its concentration in a competitive environment. The paper further explores the potential applications of E-noses for diagnosing diseases, monitoring air quality, assessing the quality of food samples and estimating concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air and in food samples. The review concludes with some challenges faced by E-nose, alternative ways to tackle them and proposes some recommendations as potential future work for further development and design enhancement of E-noses

Low-power techniques for wireless gas sensing network applications: pulsed light excitation with data extraction strategies

Aquesta tesi està enfocada en dues línies d'investigació. La primera aborda el desenvolupament d'una metodologia basada en llum polsada per modulació de sensors químic-resistius per a l'extracció d'informació del senyal transitòri, i la segona planteja la implementació d'una xarxa sense fils de sensors (WSN) basada en tecnologia LoRa per al monitoratge de la qualitat de l'aire (AQM) i la detecció d'esdeveniments de fuita de gasos. Aquest document està estructurat en quatre capítols organitzats de la següent manera: el Capítol 1 presenta l'estat de l'art, una introducció als mecanismes de millora de l'comportament dels sensors químic-resistius, així com una introducció a la implementació de xarxes sense fils de sensors per a la monitorització de la qualitat de l'aire; el Capítol 2 està compost pels dos articles publicats relacionats amb la metodologia basada en la modulació utilitzant llum polsada per a l'extracció d'informació del senyal transitòria de sensors químic-resistius; el Capítol 3 presenta l'article publicat relacionat amb la implementació d'una WSN per a AQM; el Capítol 4 presenta les conclusions derivades dels resultats obtinguts durant el desenvolupament de el projecte de tesi i les recomanacions per al treball futur associat a la continuïtat dels principals resultats d'aquesta tesiLa presente tesis está enfocada en dos líneas de investigación, La primera aborda el desarrollo de una metodología basada en luz pulsada para modulación de sensores químico-resistivos para la extracción de información de la señal transitoria; y la segunda plantea la implementación de una red inalámbrica de sensores (WSN) basada en tecnología LoRa para la monitorización de la calidad del aire (AQM) y la detección de eventos de fuga de gases. Este documento está estructurado en cuatro capítulos organizados de la siguiente forma: el Capítulo 1 presenta el estado del arte, una introducción a los mecanismos de mejora del comportamiento de los sensores químico-resistivos, así como una introducción a la implementación de redes inalámbricas de sensores para la monitorización de la calidad del aire; el Capítulo 2 está compuesto por los dos artículos publicados relacionados con la metodología basada en la modulación utilizando luz pulsada para la extracción de información de la señal transitoria de sensores químico-resistivos; el Capítulo 3 presenta el artículo publicado relacionado con la implementación de una WSN para AQM; el Capítulo 4 presenta las conclusiones derivadas de los resultados obtenidos durante el desarrollo de el proyecto de tesis y las recomendaciones para el trabajo futuro asociado a la continuidad de los principales resultados de esta tesis.The present thesis project is focused in two different yet related research lines. The first one addresses the development of a pulsed light-based chemiresistive sensor modulation methodology for transient information extraction. The second research line developed deals with the implementation of a LoRa-based portable, scalable, low-cost, and low power Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for Air Quality Monitoring (AQM) and gas leakage events detection. This document is structured in four Chapters organized as follows: Chapter 1 presents the state of the art, an introduction to sensing performance enhancement and transient data extraction methods, as well as an introduction to the implementation of WSN for AQM; Chapter 2 is composed of the two published paper related to the pulsed light modulation methodology for transient information extraction; Chapter 3 presents the published paper related to the implementation of a LoRa-based WSN for AQM; Chapter 4 states the conclusions derived from the results obtained during this thesis project and the recommendations for the future work associated to the continuity of this thesis findings