Phase Transitions for Mutual Information

We consider ensembles of binary linear error correcting codes, obtained by sampling each column of the generator matrix G or parity check matrix H independently from the set of all binary vectors of weight d (of appropriate dimension). We investigate the circumstances under which the mutual information between a randomly chosen codeword and the vector obtained after its transmission over a binary input memoryless symmetric channel (BIMSC) C is exactly n times the capacity of C, where n is the length of the code. For several channels such as the binary symmetric channel (BSC) and the binary-input additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, we prove that the probability of this event has a threshold behaviour, depending on whether n/k is smaller than a certain quantity (that depends on the particular channel C and d), where k is the number of source bits. To show this, we prove a generalization of the following well-known theorem: the expectation of the size of the right kernel of G has a phase transition from 1 to infinity, depending on whether or not n/k is smaller than a certain quantity depending on the chosen ensemble

Phase Transitions for Mutual Information

We consider ensembles of binary linear error correcting codes, obtained by sampling each column of the generator matrix G or parity check matrix H independently from the set of all binary vectors of weight d (of appropriate dimension). We investigate the circumstances under which the mutual information between a randomly chosen codeword and the vector obtained after its transmission over a binary input memoryless symmetric channel (BIMSC) C is exactly n times the capacity of C, where n is the length of the code. For several channels such as the binary symmetric channel (BSC) and the binary-input additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, we prove that the probability of this event has a threshold behaviour, depending on whether n/k is smaller than a certain quantity (that depends on the particular channel C and d), where k is the number of source bits. To show this, we prove a generalization of the following well-known theorem: the expectation of the size of the right kernel of G has a phase transition from 1 to infinity, depending on whether or not n/k is smaller than a certain quantity depending on the chosen ensemble

Error resilient stereoscopic video streaming using model-based fountain codes

Ankara : The Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering and the Institute of Engineering and Science of Bilkent University, 2009.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Bilkent University, 2009.Includes bibliographical references leaves 101-110.Error resilient digital video streaming has been a challenging problem since the introduction and deployment of early packet switched networks. One of the most recent advances in video coding is observed on multi-view video coding which suggests methods for the compression of correlated multiple image sequences. The existing multi-view compression techniques increase the loss sensitivity and necessitate the use of efficient loss recovery schemes. Forward Error Correction (FEC) is an efficient, powerful and practical tool for the recovery of lost data. A novel class of FEC codes is Fountain codes which are suitable to be used with recent video codecs, such as H.264/AVC, and LT and Raptor codes are practical examples of this class. Although there are many studies on monoscopic video, transmission of multi-view video through lossy channels with FEC have not been explored yet. Aiming at this deficiency, an H.264-based multi-view video codec and a model-based Fountain code are combined to generate an effi- cient error resilient stereoscopic streaming system. Three layers of stereoscopic video with unequal importance are defined in order to exploit the benefits of Unequal Error Protection (UEP) with FEC. Simply, these layers correspond to intra frames of left view, predicted frames of left view and predicted frames of right view. The Rate-Distortion (RD) characteristics of these dependent layers are de- fined by extending the RD characteristics of monoscopic video. The parameters of the models are obtained with curve fitting using the RD samples of the video, and satisfactory results are achieved where the average difference between the analytical models and RD samples is between 1.00% and 9.19%. An heuristic analytical model of the performance of Raptor codes is used to obtain the residual number of lost packets for given channel bit rate, loss rate, and protection rate. This residual number is multiplied with the estimated average distortion of the loss of a single Network Abstraction Layer (NAL) unit to obtain the total transmission distortion. All these models are combined to minimize the end-toend distortion and obtain optimal encoder bit rates and UEP rates. When the proposed system is used, the simulation results demonstrate up to 2dB increase in quality compared to equal error protection and only left view error protection. Furthermore, Fountain codes are analyzed in the finite length region, and iterative performance models are derived without any assumptions or asymptotical approximations. The performance model of the belief-propagation (BP) decoder approximates either the behavior of a single simulation results or their average depending on the parameters of the LT code. The performance model of the maximum likelihood decoder approximates the average of simulation results more accurately compared to the model of the BP decoder. Raptor codes are modeled heuristically based on the exponential decay observed on the simulation results, and the model parameters are obtained by line of best fit. The analytical models of systematic and non-systematic Raptor codes accurately approximate the experimental average performance.Tan, A SerdarPh.D

Psr1p interacts with SUN/sad1p and EB1/mal3p to establish the bipolar spindle

Regular Abstracts - Sunday Poster Presentations: no. 382During mitosis, interpolar microtubules from two spindle pole bodies (SPBs) interdigitate to create an antiparallel microtubule array for accommodating numerous regulatory proteins. Among these proteins, the kinesin-5 cut7p/Eg5 is the key player responsible for sliding apart antiparallel microtubules and thus helps in establishing the bipolar spindle. At the onset of mitosis, two SPBs are adjacent to one another with most microtubules running nearly parallel toward the nuclear envelope, creating an unfavorable microtubule configuration for the kinesin-5 kinesins. Therefore, how the cell organizes the antiparallel microtubule array in the first place at mitotic onset remains enigmatic. Here, we show that a novel protein psrp1p localizes to the SPB and plays a key role in organizing the antiparallel microtubule array. The absence of psr1+ leads to a transient monopolar spindle and massive chromosome loss. Further functional characterization demonstrates that psr1p is recruited to the SPB through interaction with the conserved SUN protein sad1p and that psr1p physically interacts with the conserved microtubule plus tip protein mal3p/EB1. These results suggest a model that psr1p serves as a linking protein between sad1p/SUN and mal3p/EB1 to allow microtubule plus ends to be coupled to the SPBs for organization of an antiparallel microtubule array. Thus, we conclude that psr1p is involved in organizing the antiparallel microtubule array in the first place at mitosis onset by interaction with SUN/sad1p and EB1/mal3p, thereby establishing the bipolar spindle.postprin

Removal of antagonistic spindle forces can rescue metaphase spindle length and reduce chromosome segregation defects

Regular Abstracts - Tuesday Poster Presentations: no. 1925Metaphase describes a phase of mitosis where chromosomes are attached and oriented on the bipolar spindle for subsequent segregation at anaphase. In diverse cell types, the metaphase spindle is maintained at a relatively constant length. Metaphase spindle length is proposed to be regulated by a balance of pushing and pulling forces generated by distinct sets of spindle microtubules and their interactions with motors and microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). Spindle length appears important for chromosome segregation fidelity, as cells with shorter or longer than normal metaphase spindles, generated through deletion or inhibition of individual mitotic motors or MAPs, showed chromosome segregation defects. To test the force balance model of spindle length control and its effect on chromosome segregation, we applied fast microfluidic temperature-control with live-cell imaging to monitor the effect of switching off different combinations of antagonistic forces in the fission yeast metaphase spindle. We show that spindle midzone proteins kinesin-5 cut7p and microtubule bundler ase1p contribute to outward pushing forces, and spindle kinetochore proteins kinesin-8 klp5/6p and dam1p contribute to inward pulling forces. Removing these proteins individually led to aberrant metaphase spindle length and chromosome segregation defects. Removing these proteins in antagonistic combination rescued the defective spindle length and, in some combinations, also partially rescued chromosome segregation defects. Our results stress the importance of proper chromosome-to-microtubule attachment over spindle length regulation for proper chromosome segregation.postprin

3D-in-2D Displays for ATC.

This paper reports on the efforts and accomplishments of the 3D-in-2D Displays for ATC project at the end of Year 1. We describe the invention of 10 novel 3D/2D visualisations that were mostly implemented in the Augmented Reality ARToolkit. These prototype implementations of visualisation and interaction elements can be viewed on the accompanying video. We have identified six candidate design concepts which we will further research and develop. These designs correspond with the early feasibility studies stage of maturity as defined by the NASA Technology Readiness Level framework. We developed the Combination Display Framework from a review of the literature, and used it for analysing display designs in terms of display technique used and how they are combined. The insights we gained from this framework then guided our inventions and the human-centered innovation process we use to iteratively invent. Our designs are based on an understanding of user work practices. We also developed a simple ATC simulator that we used for rapid experimentation and evaluation of design ideas. We expect that if this project continues, the effort in Year 2 and 3 will be focus on maturing the concepts and employment in a operational laboratory settings

University catalog, 2018-19

Welcome to the University of Missouri 2018-2019 catalog! We are pleased to provide an interactive and searchable catalog online. The catalog is a comprehensive reference for your academic studies. It includes a list of all degree programs offered at MU, including bachelors, masters, specialists, doctorates, minors, certificates, and emphasis areas. It details the university wide requirements, the curricular requirements for each program, and in some cases provides a sample plan of study. The catalog includes a complete listing and description of approved courses. It also provides information on academic policies, contact information for supporting offices, and a complete listing of faculty members. Information in the catalog is current as of May 2018.--Page 17