Multilayer thin film encapsulation for organic light emitting diodes

A transparent and effective thin film encapsulation (TFE) based on a multilayer structure is demonstrated. Alternate films of amorphous and crystalline film forming organic materials have been investigated to create complicated diffusion pathways for oxygen and water vapour, which was reflected in their increased barrier properties. These layers are further protected by an inorganic barrier coating of magnesium fluoride (MgF2) deposited by normal and glancing angle deposition methods. A significant enhancement of more than 8 times in the lifetime of organic light emitting diodes was obtained by employing this multilayer hybrid geometry. The TFE structure can be highly useful in organic opto-electronic devices requiring easy to deposit and an effective barrier layer for enhanced lifetimes

Offitumeðferð á Reykjalundi

Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/OpenÁ Íslandi líkt og á flestum vesturlöndum er offita hratt vaxandi heilbrigðisvandamál. Fari sem horfir verður offita stærsta heilbrigðisvandamál þessara landa á fyrri hluta 21. aldar. Hér á landi má ætla að offita (líkamsþyngdarstuðull, LÞS>30) meðal fullorðinna hafi tvöfaldast á síðustu 20–25 árum og sé nú orðin nálægt 20%. Virðist sem ekki sé lát á þeirri aukningu. Þessu til viðbótar má ætla að önnur 35% séu yfir æskilegri þyngd (LÞS 25–30). Þróunin meðal barna og unglinga er enn alvarlegri. Rannsóknir á 9 ára börnum sýna að á 50 árum hefur ofþyngd meðal stúlkna þrefaldast og meðal drengja nær tífaldast. Offita hefur á 25 árum fimmfaldast hjá stúlkum og þrefaldast hjá drengjum. Þannig voru 5,5% 9 ára barna í Reykjavík haustið 2002 með offitu

Strain and temperature effects on Erbium-doped fiber for decay-time based sensing

An experimental investigation into the strain and temperature sensitivity of the fluorescence decay time in commercial erbium-doped optical fiber has been carried out. Results show that a strain effect on the performance of temperature-based sensors using such fiber is larger than that for neodymium-doped fiber, but a little smaller than is seen in similar ytterbium-doped material. For the materials studied, the relative change in lifetime ranges from about 5×10−7 (for Yb) to 14×10−7 (for Nd) με−1 and the associated error in the temperature measurement ranges from 1.8×10−3 (for Nd) to 6.1×10−3 Kμε−1 for the Yb sample used. The application to simultaneous strain and temperature monitoring is discussed

The Effects of Campgrounds on Small Mammals in Canyonlands and Arches National Parks, Utah

Campground use in our national parks is increasing yearly, but little quantitative data are available concerning the impact this use is having on the ecology of the campground and surrounding area. This paper reports on some of the effects of campgrounds on small mammal populations in Canyonlands and Arches National Parks, Utah. Data collection consisted of live-trapping from April to November, 1975 (12,337 trap-nights). The populations of Ordls kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii), antelope ground squirrels (Ammospermophilus leucurus), deer mice (Peromyscus spp.), woodrats (Neotoma spp.), Colorado chipmunks (Eutamias guadrivittatus), and desert cottontails (Sylvilagus audubonii) inhabiting campgrounds were compared with non-campground control areas. Squaw Flat campground in Canyonlands National Park contained significantly higher populations of woodrats and Colorado chipmunks than the control. Devills Garden campground in Arches National Park exhibited significantly higher populations of deer mice, but a lower population of woodrats than the control. No significant difference was found between campgrounds and control areas for all other species. Occurrence of species in the campground and control areas was identical

1946-12-05 Rowan County News

Rowan County News published on December 5, 1946

Property Rights in Securities: A Law and Economics Analysis

This LLM dissertation examines the role and development of securities in the legal and economic institutions and infrastructure underlying western capitalism. The author explains how securities have transformed from a contract form to a property form and discusses the significance of such transformation of nature of securities and legal responses to the dematerialization and immobilization