Agent-Based Simulation Disaster Evacuation Awareness on Night Situation in Aceh

In 2004 at least 230,000 people were victims of the Aceh tsunami disaster. To prevent the recurrence of many victims, the Aceh government held an evacuation exercise in 2008. To improve effectiveness dan reduce the cost reduction during evacuations drills, simulation is the best option. Agent-Based Modeling is a simulation program that was employed for tsunami evacuation in Aceh. This study on tsunami evacuation using agent-based modelling presented and evaluated the different control parameters that affect the evacuation rate. Evacuation scenario during day or night has different environmental, agent base, road modelling, and population approach. The Road Network Model has explained that to analyze the effect of agents in the evacuation process, resident agents are presumed to know the direction and shortest path to the nearest evacuation points. This simulation designed in Netlogo is also able to assess the congestion possibility on the road network. The road network emphasized the different scenarios to discover the possibility of congestion points. Nighttime is proven to be the best scenario for performing the evacuation in the simulation. The key reason to select the night scenario is to maximize the effects of an evaluation of the road network. In addition, simulation using night scenarios is also expected to raise people’s awareness

Agent-Based Simulation for Evaluating the Effect of Different Walking and Driving Speed on Disaster Evacuation in Aceh

Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) was implemented to build and develop an evacuation simulation model. In this research, ABMS is simulated in several evacuation scenarios with an output: the evacuation rate of two different decision choice evacuation modes (walking or driving to the evacuation points). The result of this tsunami evacuation simulation shows that the decision choices on the evacuation mode are highly correlated to the evacuation rate. Observed in the simulation that there is a typical choice that leads to the higher evacuation rate, the choice is by maximizing the pedestrian agents on the population distribution

Multiagent Based Tsunami Evacuation Simulation: a Conceptual Model

During emergency situation, such as a large-scale tsunami or other disastrousevents, people evacuation may lead to more fatalities when it is conducted without a proper escape strategy. The ability to evacuate a huge number of people within a very limited amount of time is certainly required. Evacuation drills are therefore necessary to acquire an optimal escape strategy. Unfortunately, we have to deal with both financial and practicalchallenges for conducting a regular and meaningful drill. To overcome these challenges, one solution would be to develop the evacuation simulation model. Despite its limitation to mimic the real-life situations, simulation may provide practical ways of minimizing the negative consequences as well as useful insights to escape strategy. In this paper, we describe a conceptual model of multiagent based tsunami evacuation simulation (TES). The model formulation and description would follow the ODD (Overview, Design concepts, andDetails) protocol, which is a standard protocol widely used by agent-based modellers. The proposed model may serve as a framework for TES that offers the following features: estimate the clearing time or the time needed by people to leave the tsunami inundation area, and identify the potential bottleneck or congestion locations. Using the proposed conceptual model, we consider constructing the TES for Calang district, a coastal area in Aceh Jaya regency, for future wor

Multiagent Based Tsunami Evacuation Simulation: A Conceptual Model

During emergency situation, such as a large-scale tsunami or other disastrousevents, people evacuation may lead to more fatalities when it is conducted without a proper escape strategy. The ability to evacuate a huge number of people within a very limited amount of time is certainly required. Evacuation drills are therefore necessary to acquire an optimal escape strategy. Unfortunately, we have to deal with both financial and practicalchallenges for conducting a regular and meaningful drill. To overcome these challenges, one solution would be to develop the evacuation simulation model. Despite its limitation to mimic the real-life situations, simulation may provide practical ways of minimizing the negative consequences as well as useful insights to escape strategy. In this paper, we describe a conceptual model of multiagent based tsunami evacuation simulation (TES). The model formulation and description would follow the ODD (Overview, Design concepts, andDetails) protocol, which is a standard protocol widely used by agent-based modellers. The proposed model may serve as a framework for TES that offers the following features: estimate the clearing time or the time needed by people to leave the tsunami inundation area, and identify the potential bottleneck or congestion locations. Using the proposed conceptual model, we consider constructing the TES for Calang district, a coastal area in Aceh Jaya regency, for future wor

A New Approach of the Tsunami Mitigation Strategies for the City of Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Ten years after rehabilitating and reconstructing some coastal areas of Banda Ache struck by the tsunami, and the city is currently repopulated, with most of its open land and community ponds converted into settlements. This rise in population needs to be controlled to minimize damages and casualties, assuming the tsunami hits again. Presently, the Banda Aceh City spatial plan for 2029 does not have a clear concept of tsunami mitigation, specifically in the spatial pattern of coastal areas. Therefore, this research aims to remap the vulnerability level of the Banda Aceh City coastal area from the tsunami hazard and determine alternative strategies based on the tsunami level in achieving safe, comfortable, productive, and sustainable spatial planning goals. This starts by analyzing the wave height generated by the earthquake that triggered this natural disaster and mapping the spatial distribution of the area and the tsunami's inundation height. The results showed that the proportionate regions prone to Level-2 tsunami were worse than the 2004 disaster based on the water level markers built in the city. The spatial planning strategies for the coastal area of Banda Aceh City are carried out by determining the level of tsunami-prone and the potential of the area's resources through a new approach of the multi-layer tsunami defence systems by combining sea dike, greenbelt, silvo-fishery, and the elevated road

"Last-Mile" preparation for a potential disaster

Extreme natural events, like e.g. tsunamis or earthquakes, regularly lead to catastrophes with dramatic consequences. In recent years natural disasters caused hundreds of thousands of deaths, destruction of infrastructure, disruption of economic activity and loss of billions of dollars worth of property and thus revealed considerable deficits hindering their effective management: Needs for stakeholders, decision-makers as well as for persons concerned include systematic risk identification and evaluation, a way to assess countermeasures, awareness raising and decision support systems to be employed before, during and after crisis situations. The overall goal of this study focuses on interdisciplinary integration of various scientific disciplines to contribute to a tsunami early warning information system. In comparison to most studies our focus is on high-end geometric and thematic analysis to meet the requirements of small-scale, heterogeneous and complex coastal urban systems. Data, methods and results from engineering, remote sensing and social sciences are interlinked and provide comprehensive information for disaster risk assessment, management and reduction. In detail, we combine inundation modeling, urban morphology analysis, population assessment, socio-economic analysis of the population and evacuation modeling. The interdisciplinary results eventually lead to recommendations for mitigation strategies in the fields of spatial planning or coping capacity

Development of Disaster Resilient Coastal Communities to Enhance Economic Development and Social Welfare: Book of Abstracts

Coast at risk – the importance of risk knowledge Coastal communities all over the world are under severe pressure resulting from planned and unplanned development, population growth and human induced vulnerability, coastal hazards with increasing frequency and magnitude and impacts of global climate change. These unprecedented changes have increased the level of risk of such coastal communities from a wide range of coastal hazards arising from natural phenomena and human induced activities. In this respect the assessment and management of risk for coastal hazards plays a vital role for safety of human lives, conservation of ecosystems and protection of the built environment. It leads to the development of disaster resilient communities to enhance economic development and social welfare. Risk assessment is one of the fundamental first steps towards planning, improving and implementing effective disaster risk reduction policies and programmes. One has to know and identify risks if they are to be effectively reduced and contained. There is a need to develop simplified approaches to risk assessment to convince a wider stakeholder base that investing in risk assessments pay. Such approaches bring together so many members of civil society leading the efforts to make disaster risk reduction everyone’s business