Comprehending the Safety Paradox and Privacy Concerns with Medical Device Remote Patient Monitoring

Medical literature identifies a number of technology-driven improvements in disease management such as implantable medical devices (IMDs) that are a standard treatment for candidates with specific diseases. Among patients using implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD), for example, problems and issues are being discovered faster compared to patients without monitoring, improving safety. What is not known is why patients report not feeling safer, creating a safety paradox, and why patients identify privacy concerns in ICD monitoring. There is a major gap in the literature regarding the factors that contribute to perceived safety and privacy in remote patient monitoring (RPM). To address this gap, the research goal of this study was to provide an interpretive account of the experience of RPM patients. This study investigated two research questions: 1) How did RPM recipients perceive safety concerns?, and 2) How did RPM recipients perceive privacy concerns? To address the research questions, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six participants to explore individual perceptions in rich detail using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Four themes were identified and described based on the analysis of the interviews that include — comfort with perceived risk, control over information, education, and security — emerged from the iterative review and data analysis. Participants expressed comfort with perceived risk, however being scared and anxious were recurrent subordinate themes. The majority of participants expressed negative feelings as a result of an initial traumatic event related to their devices and lived in fear of being shocked in inopportune moments. Most of these concerns stem from lack of information and inadequate education. Uncertainties concerning treatment tends to be common, due to lack of feedback from ICD RPM status. Those who knew others with ICD RPM became worrisome after hearing about incidences of sudden cardiac death (SCD) when the device either failed or did not work adequately to save their friend’s life. Participants also expressed cybersecurity concerns that their ICD might be hacked, maladjusted, manipulated with magnets, or turned off. They believed ICD RPM security was in place but inadequate as well as reported feeling a lack of control over information. Participants expressed wanting the right to be left alone and in most cases wanted to limit others’ access to their information, which in turn, created conflict within families and loved ones. Geolocation was a contentious node in this study, with most of participants reporting they did not want to be tracked under any circumstances. This research was needed because few researchers have explored how people live and interact with these newer and more advanced devices. These findings have implications for practice relating to RPM safety and privacy such as identifying a gap between device companies, practitioners, and participants and provided directions for future research to discover better ways to live with ICD RPM and ICD shock

Autonomy Perceptions from Teachers of English as a Foreign Language in Diverse Colombian Public Teaching Settings

This qualitative descriptive case study reports the features in autonomy dynamics of three Colombian English language teachers in public schools in the District in Bogota Colombia. Three semi-structured interviews and reflective journals were used for data collection. The research question that guided this study was: What perceptions about autonomy do the three Colombian English language teachers have? The general purpose of this investigation was to identify the main features in teachers’ perceptions related to Autonomy. The specific objective was to identify the strategies that promoted autonomy in Teachers of English as a Foreign Language -TEFL- in different public schools in Bogota, Colombia. The study is, therefore, particularly significant as it can play a role in encouraging Colombian English as a Foreign Language -EFL- teachers to relate the factors needed to get a high quality in Education dynamics. Data indicated that the process heightened the teachers’ awareness of ‘self’ and practice. Autonomy also activated both the teachers’ ability to critically reflect on their context as well as focus on positive aspects of their practice through the willingness to improve their academic abilities and research production. Taken together, the findings serve as baseline data to further professional development in language assessment

Chaos is Not Rational: Nursing Leadership and Intuition in Disaster Preparedness and Response

Nurses are looked upon as leaders in disaster preparedness and response. Charged with making life-altering decisions, experienced nurse leaders utilize analytical and intuitive strategies to manage crisis situations. Rarely recognized by upper-level management and educational institutions, intuition is our natural ability to know something without any evidence or validation. Intuition allows us to make decisions in ever-changing circumstances when solutions are not obvious. Though difficult to explain, intuition is a powerful skill that gives nurse leaders the confidence needed to make decisions based on their previous experience. Experienced nurse leaders utilize intuition to arrive at a solution without conscious awareness and are capable of quickly processing the situation and producing accurate responses with little information. Intuitive decision-making is incorporated into nursing practice on a daily basis; however, we do not know the depth in which intuition exists within the nursing profession and among nursing leadership. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the lived experiences of nursing leaders using intuition as part of the leadership approach in crisis situations. The qualitative study utilized an interpretative phenomenological approach to illustrate and understand the personal experiences of nurse leaders as they faced uncertain circumstances. The study population included nurses in public health or in the private sector who served in leadership roles in crisis situations. Nurses were recruited via telephone, email, and social media based on their current professional relationship with the researcher. Demographic data was collected through online surveys and one-on-one, semi-structured interviews were conducted via Zoom® with each participant. These interactions between the interviewer and the interviewee revealed the meaning of their lived experiences and understanding of the world from the participant’s point of view (Creswell & Poth, 2018). The findings of this study provide insight and understanding of the functional, real-life application of intuition by nursing leaders when dealing with complex and rapidly fluctuating situations

‘Trying to bring attention to your body when you’re not sure where it is’: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of drivers and barriers to mindfulness for people with neurological disabilities

Objectives Work is beginning to explore the impact of mindfulness in managing the physical and psychological health of people with neurological conditions. However, no previous work has sought to understand what drives people with such conditions to try mindfulness, and what barriers are experienced in accessing mindfulness. Design An exploratory, qualitative, interview design, utilising Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 people with spinal cord injury (SCI) who had experience of mindfulness since sustaining their injury. Verbatim transcripts were analysed using IPA to understand the lived experience of mindfulness post-SCI. Results Analysis suggested that managing physical and mental health, and viewing mindfulness as proactive and protective were key drivers for exploring mindfulness. However, multiple barriers to accessing opportunities and developing capability impeded engagement. These included the focus on areas of the body that participants had reduced sensation in, physical environments that could not be navigated in a wheelchair, social stigma surrounding the use of mindfulness, and a sense of obligation and risk of failure implied by course requirements. Conclusions The results demonstrate the need for specific interventions to accommodate the educed sensory and physical function experienced by people with neurological conditions and to enhance sense of control and autonomy. In addition, recommendations include minimising the stigma surrounding mindfulness, and the potentially demotivating impact of the perception of ‘failing’ to engage

Transcribing Medieval Manuscripts for Machine Learning

In the early twentieth century, many scholars focused on the preparation of editions and translations of texts previously available only to the few specialists able to read archaic hands and privileged enough to travel to work in person with them in manuscript. Valuable scholarship in its own right, the preparation of these editions and translations for particular texts deemed important enough to justify the effort and time, laid the foundation for generations of scholarship in medieval studies. On the other hand, for many materials in historical archival collections, including already digitised collections, medievalists have only had the time to create partial transcriptions, if any at all. Access to textual material from the medieval period has increased greatly in recent years with digitisation, and we are able to imagine many new research projects in decades to come. What challenges do new frontiers of automation in the archives raise with respect to medieval studies and in particular to the ways we transcribe? In this article, we argue that if medievalists hope to pursue the kinds of analysis that goes on in advanced computational research, we will need new kinds of transcriptions, intentionally theorized not only for human reading, but also for machine processing. We already have mature methods for remediating generations of editions of medieval works such as Optical Character Recognition (OCR), but we can ask ourselves if these are the kinds of text we want to use for future computational analysis. We suggest instead that one way forward is by going back to the scriptorium

Skaitmeninių įrankių privalumai ir trūkumai siekiant rankraštiniuose laiškuose atkurti XIX amžiaus filosofijos skaitytojų emocijas

This article discusses the limitations and benefits of resorting to digital tools and research methodology to explore nineteenth-century manuscript letters, written by readers to the French philosopher Victor Cousin, and to increase our understanding of how ordinary readers responded to philosophy at the time. More broadly, it examines the potential assets of the annotation interface developed in the Reading Europe Advance Data Investigation Tool (READ-IT https://readit-project.eu/ 2018–2021), a collaborative research project focusing on regenerating lost connections about the cultural heritage of reading from large volumes of highly-diverse eighteenth- to twenty-first-century sources in multiple languages. The case study describes challenges raised by attempts to detect and classify differences between female and male philosophical reading experiences as well as emotional responses, something which is largely under-explored. Along the way it provides reflexive as well as epistemological insights into the promises of big data for research on cultural history and literary archives and the current state of knowledge on emotions.Šiame straipsnyje aptariami skaitmeninių įrankių ir tyrimo metodologijos trūkumai ir pranašumai tyrinėjant XIX amžiaus rankraštinius laiškus, kuriuos skaitytojai rašė prancūzų filosofui Victorui Cousinui, bei siekiant geriau suprasti paprastų skaitytojų reakciją į tuometę filosofiją. Kalbant plačiau, straipsnyje nagrinėjami potencialūs anotacijų sąsajos privalumai, atskleisti bendrame mokslinių tyrimų projekte „Reading Europe Advance Data Investigation Tool“ (READ-IT https://readit-project.eu/, 2018–2021 m.), kuriame pagrindinis dėmesys skiriamas atkurti prarastus ryšius apie skaitymo kultūros paveldą iš daugybės labai įvairių XVIII–XXI amžių šaltinių, skelbiamų keliomis kalbomis. Atvejo tyrime aprašomi iššūkiai, kylantys dėl bandymų aptikti ir tam tikrai kategorijai priskirti skirtumus tarp moterų ir vyrų filosofinio skaitymo patirties bei emocinių reakcijų, o tai iš esmės yra nepakankamai ištirta sritis. Be to, straipsnyje pateikiama refleksyvių ir epistemologinių įžvalgų apie didžiųjų duomenų teikiamas viltis kultūros istorijos ir literatūros archyvų tyrimams bei dabartinę žinių apie emocijas būklę

THE OBSTACLES OF WOMEN'S EMPLOYMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA IN THE DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY AGE

The dynamic technological changes worldwide have changed the way of life for individuals and communities during the recent decades. The most crucial changes that in the work environment and opportunities for pursuing careers, in particularly for women. The current research paper focuses on one aspect of key findings of a doctoral study aimed at identifying and investigating the obstacles of the employment of women in Saudi Arabia labor market in the digital technology era. The research followed the qualitative approach to collect the data needed through conducting interviews with a round 40 participants including three stakeholders (Government, Academia, and businesses). Five main obstacles have been identified and are discussed. They are socio-cultural factors such the dominate role of men, and lack of family support. In addition to that, insufficient experiences and training in digital technology, and finally childcare system in KSA. Further efforts are needed to raise the society awareness towards the role of women as human capital to participate in the nation's development, and efforts are needed by different stakeholders to empower, support and enable women to engage in labour market effectively. Article visualizations

“Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 10 – Interpretation

The following research, divided into four deliverables (“Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 9 – Collection of Data/ “Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 10 – Interpretation / ”Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11 – Collection of Data /” Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11b – Interpretation), is the result of a year of studying the role of Tacit Knowledge and the relevance of methods in practice-based research. The study drew on the reflections and research undertaken by a group of practice-based PhD candidates from different creative disciplines, such as architecture, landscape architecture, design and visual art, coming from Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Candidates and authors of the research were part of a network of practitioners created by the ADAPT-r ITN Project (www.adapt-r.eu). Seven European institutions participated for three years in this project: Glasgow School of Art, RMIT Europe, Estonian Academy of Arts, Aarhus School of Architecture, KU Leuven, University of Westminster, University of Ljubljana. The project aimed to foster and disseminate the model of the practice-based PhD in Europe, training new researchers and creating a new network of innovative researchers. Key elements and “place and moment” of the ADAPT-r Methodology were the Practice Research Symposium (PRS), which were held twice a year at RMIT Europe (Barcelona) and KU Leuven (Ghent). Those moments represented a collective space of learning for the researchers/practitioners (together with supervisors and peers) in both formal and informal ways and were moments of discussion and encounter within the community where the candidates were able to show their progress in the research in a space of friendliness and generosity. The authors of the research, Dr. Dorotea Ottaviani (GSA), Dr. Alice Buoli (Estonian Academy of Arts), and Dr. Cecilia De Marinis (RMIT Barcelona), approached the theme using qualitative research methodology: interviewing practitioners about their research; designing and leading workshops on the topics of Tacit Knowledge and Research Methods; running roundtables with PhD supervisors; undertaking field-trips with practitioners and observing the results and development of their research in the PRS presentations. The results of this research are explained through three main branches of interpretation: diagrams (explicating the structure of the project and the methodology fostered by ADAPT-r), ‘focused views’ (namely individual accounts of a selection of Venturous Creative Practices, with a description and interpretation of each practice through the reading keys of Tacit Knowledge and Refinement and Explication of Methods) and ‘cross views’ (accounts of the ‘fields’ of interest emerged from the exploration of the practitioners’ work, fields that are common to several practitioners, although explored in personal and individual way). The research, leading to these results, received funding from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007- 2013/ under REA grant agreement n° 317325

“Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11b – Interpretation

The following research, divided into four deliverables (“Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 9 – Collection of Data/ “Explication of Tacit Knowledge” Deliverable 10 – Interpretation / ”Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11 – Collection of Data /” Refinement and Explication of Methods” Deliverable 11b – Interpretation), is the result of a year of studying the role of Tacit Knowledge and the relevance of methods in practice-based research. The study drew on the reflections and research undertaken by a group of practice-based PhD candidates from different creative disciplines, such as architecture, landscape architecture, design and visual art, coming from Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Candidates and authors of the research were part of a network of practitioners created by the ADAPT-r ITN Project (www.adapt-r.eu). Seven European institutions participated for three years in this project: Glasgow School of Art, RMIT Europe, Estonian Academy of Arts, Aarhus School of Architecture, KU Leuven, University of Westminster, University of Ljubljana. The project aimed to foster and disseminate the model of the practice-based PhD in Europe, training new researchers and creating a new network of innovative researchers. Key elements and “place and moment” of the ADAPT-r Methodology were the Practice Research Symposium (PRS), which were held twice a year at RMIT Europe (Barcelona) and KU Leuven (Ghent). Those moments represented a collective space of learning for the researchers/practitioners (together with supervisors and peers) in both formal and informal ways and were moments of discussion and encounter within the community where the candidates were able to show their progress in the research in a space of friendliness and generosity. The authors of the research, Dr. Dorotea Ottaviani (GSA), Dr. Alice Buoli (Estonian Academy of Arts), and Dr. Cecilia De Marinis (RMIT Barcelona), approached the theme using qualitative research methodology: interviewing practitioners about their research; designing and leading workshops on the topics of Tacit Knowledge and Research Methods; running roundtables with PhD supervisors; undertaking field-trips with practitioners and observing the results and development of their research in the PRS presentations. The results of this research are explained through three main branches of interpretation: diagrams (explicating the structure of the project and the methodology fostered by ADAPT-r), ‘focused views’ (namely individual accounts of a selection of Venturous Creative Practices, with a description and interpretation of each practice through the reading keys of Tacit Knowledge and Refinement and Explication of Methods) and ‘cross views’ (accounts of the ‘fields’ of interest emerged from the exploration of the practitioners’ work, fields that are common to several practitioners, although explored in personal and individual way). The research, leading to these results, received funding from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007- 2013/ under REA grant agreement n° 317325