Survey on Quality Analysis of Collaboration Motivation Approach in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

In Wireless Ad Hoc Networks (WANETs), tasks are conducted based on the cooperation of nodes in the networks. However, since the nodes are usually constrained by limited computation resources, selfish nodes may refuse to be cooperative. Reputation system is one of the main solutions to the node non cooperation problem. A reputation system evaluates node behaviours by reputation values and uses a reputation threshold to distinguish trustworthy nodes and untrustworthy nodes. Although this system has been widely used, very little research has been devoted to investigating the effectiveness of the node cooperation incentives provided by the systems. We propose a protocol called Enhanced Reverse Ad Hoc On Demand Vector Routing Protocol (ERAODV), which uses Hybrid Reputation System (HRS). A Hybrid Reputation system is an enhanced version of Classical Reputation System (CRS). Unlike the CRS it takes into account all the reputation values from the node to determine whether it is trustworthy or not. Keywords: WANET; Reputation System; Price Based System; Quality Analysis; Multipath Routing

Reputation based selfishness prevention techniques for mobile ad-hoc networks

Mobile ad-hoc networks require nodes to cooperate in the relaying of data from source to destination. However, due to their limited resources, selfish nodes may be unwilling to forward packets, which can deteriorate the multi-hop connectivity. Different reputation-based protocols have been proposed to cope with selfishness in mobile ad-hoc networks. These protocols utilize the watchdog detection mechanism to observe the correct relaying of packets, and to compile information about potential selfish nodes. This information is used to prevent the participation of selfish nodes in the establishment of multi-hop routes. Despite its wide use, watchdog tends to overestimate the selfish behavior of nodes due to the effects of radio transmission errors or packet collisions that can be mistaken for intentional packet drops. As a result, the availability of valid multi-hop routes is reduced, and the overall performance deteriorates. This paper proposes and evaluates three detection techniques that improve the ability of selfishness prevention protocols to detect selfish nodes and to increase the number of valid routes.Ingeniería, Industria y Construcció

Analysis of DoS Attacks at MAC Layer in Mobile Adhoc Networks

—Wireless network security has received tremendous attention due to the vulnerabilities exposed in the open communication medium. The most common wireless Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is IEEE 802.11, which assumes all the nodes in the network are cooperative. However, nodes may purposefully misbehave in order to disrupt network performance, obtain extra bandwidth and conserve resources. These MAC layer misbehaviours can lead to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks which can disrupt the network operation. There is a lack of comprehensive analysis of MAC layer misbehaviour driven DoS attacks for the IEEE 802.11 protocol. This research studied possible MAC layer DoS attack strategies that are driven by the MAC layer malicious/selfish nodes and investigates the performance of the IEEE 802.11 protocol. Such DoS attacks caused by malicious and selfish nodes violating backoff timers associated with the protocol. The experimental and analytical approach evaluates several practical MAC layer backoff value manipulation and the impact of such attacks on the network performance and stability in MANETs. The simulation results show that introducing DoS attacks at MAC layer could significantly affect the network throughput and data packet collision rate. This paper concludes that DoS attacks with selfish/malicious intend can obtain a larger throughput by denying well-behaved nodes to obtain deserved throughput, also DoS attacks with the intend of complete destruction of the network can succee

Node activity based trust and reputation estimation approach for secure and QoS routing in MANET

Achieving safe and secure communication in MANETs is a key challenge due to its dynamic nature. A number of security studies disclose that reputation management systems are able to be effectual with less overhead. The reputation of a node is calculated by using automated assessment algorithms depend on predefined trust scheme. This paper proposes a Node Activity-based Trust and Reputation estimation (NA-TRE) approach for the security and QoS routing in MANET. NA-TRE aims to find trust estimation and reputation of a node. The NA-TRE approach monitors the activity changes, packet forwarding or dropping in a node to find the status of the node. The various activities of a node like Normal State (NS), Resource Limitation State (RS) and Malicious State (MS) are monitored. This status of a node is helpful in computing trust and reputation. In this paper NA-TRE approach compared with existing protocols AODV, FACE and TMS to evaluate the efficiency of MANET. The experiment results show that 20% increasing of throughput, 10% decrease of overhead and end to end delay

A power efficient method against misbehaving node in reputation system to prevent sybil attack in mobile ad-hoc network

Mobile ad-hoc network has become a very important field of study for students and researchers owing to its wide application. In mobile ad-hoc network all nodes are responsible for routing and forwarding of packets, hence all nodes are required to act selflessly for proper functioning of mobile ad-hoc network. The presence of selfish behavior in a node can degrade the performance of the mobile ad hoc network to a large extent. Several works have been done for identification and punishment of the misbehaving nodes in mobile ad hoc network. We propose here a method where some selected neighbors are participated in detecting misbehaving nodes in power effective manners. These neighbors participating in selfish node detection are chosen randomly. It also alerts all other nodes about the misbehaving links in the network. The simulation studies show that this does the job efficiently with less power consumption in the network. The power effectiveness of the algorithm also reduces the number of misbehaving nodes because many nodes show misbehavior to save their power

A Dynamic Reputation Management System for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (cc BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Nodes in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are mandated to utilize their limited energy resources in forwarding routing control and data packets for other nodes. Since a MANET lacks a centralized administration and control, a node may decide to act selfishly, either by refusing to respond to route requests from other nodes or deceitfully by responding to some route requests, but dropping the corresponding data packets that are presented for forwarding. A significant increase in the presence of these misbehaving nodes in a MANET can subsequently degrade network performance. In this paper, we propose a dynamic reputation management system for detecting and isolating misbehaving nodes in MANETs. Our model employs a novel direct monitoring technique to evaluate the reputation of a node in the network, which ensures that nodes that expend their energy in transmitting data and routing control packets for others are allowed to carry out their network activities while the misbehaving nodes are detected and isolated from the network. Simulation results show that our model is effective at curbing and mitigating the effects of misbehaving nodes in the networkPeer reviewedFinal Published versio