PERFORMANCE STUDY FOR CAPILLARY MACHINE-TO-MACHINE NETWORKS

Communication technologies witness a wide and rapid pervasiveness of wireless machine-to-machine (M2M) communications. It is emerging to apply for data transfer among devices without human intervention. Capillary M2M networks represent a candidate for providing reliable M2M connectivity. In this thesis, we propose a wireless network architecture that aims at supporting a wide range of M2M applications (either real-time or non-real-time) with an acceptable QoS level. The architecture uses capillary gateways to reduce the number of devices communicating directly with a cellular network such as LTE. Moreover, the proposed architecture reduces the traffic load on the cellular network by providing capillary gateways with dual wireless interfaces. One interface is connected to the cellular network, whereas the other is proposed to communicate to the intended destination via a WiFi-based mesh backbone for cost-effectiveness. We study the performance of our proposed architecture with the aid of the ns-2 simulator. An M2M capillary network is simulated in different scenarios by varying multiple factors that affect the system performance. The simulation results measure average packet delay and packet loss to evaluate the quality-of-service (QoS) of the proposed architecture. Our results reveal that the proposed architecture can satisfy the required level of QoS with low traffic load on the cellular network. It also outperforms a cellular-based capillary M2M network and WiFi-based capillary M2M network. This implies a low cost of operation for the service provider while meeting a high-bandwidth service level agreement. In addition, we investigate how the proposed architecture behaves with different factors like the number of capillary gateways, different application traffic rates, the number of backbone routers with different routing protocols, the number of destination servers, and the data rates provided by the LTE and Wi-Fi technologies. Furthermore, the simulation results show that the proposed architecture continues to be reliable in terms of packet delay and packet loss even under a large number of nodes and high application traffic rates

高性能通信指向のネットワークコーディング

Tohoku University堀口 進課

Adaptive intra refresh for robust wireless multi-view video

This thesis was submitted for the award of PhD and was awarded by Brunel University LondonMobile wireless communication technology is a fast developing field and every day new mobile communication techniques and means are becoming available. In this thesis multi-view video (MVV) is also refers to as 3D video. Thus, the 3D video signals through wireless communication are shaping telecommunication industry and academia. However, wireless channels are prone to high level of bit and burst errors that largely deteriorate the quality of service (QoS). Noise along the wireless transmission path can introduce distortion or make a compressed bitstream lose vital information. The error caused by noise progressively spread to subsequent frames and among multiple views due to prediction. This error may compel the receiver to pause momentarily and wait for the subsequent INTRA picture to continue decoding. The pausing of video stream affects the user's Quality of Experience (QoE). Thus, an error resilience strategy is needed to protect the compressed bitstream against transmission errors. This thesis focuses on error resilience Adaptive Intra Refresh (AIR) technique. The AIR method is developed to make the compressed 3D video more robust to channel errors. The process involves periodic injection of Intra-coded macroblocks in a cyclic pattern using H.264/AVC standard. The algorithm takes into account individual features in each macroblock and the feedback information sent by the decoder about the channel condition in order to generate an MVV-AIR map. MVV-AIR map generation regulates the order of packets arrival and identifies the motion activities in each macroblock. Based on the level of motion activity contained in each macroblock, the MVV-AIR map classifies frames as high or low motion macroblocks. A proxy MVV-AIR transcoder is used to validate the efficiency of the generated MVV-AIR map. The MVV-AIR transcoding algorithm uses spatial and views downscaling scheme to convert from MVV to single view. Various experimental results indicate that the proposed error resilient MVV-AIR transcoder technique effectively improves the quality of reconstructed 3D video in wireless networks. A comparison of MVV-AIR transcoder algorithm with some traditional error resilience techniques demonstrates that MVV-AIR algorithm performs better in an error prone channel. Results of simulation revealed significant improvements in both objective and subjective qualities. No additional computational complexity emanates from the scheme while the QoS and QoE requirements are still fully met.Tertiary Institution Trust Fund (TETFund) of Nigeri

Tangible interfaces for manipulating aggregates of digital information

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 255-269).This thesis develops new approaches for people to physically represent and interact with aggregates of digital information. These support the concept of Tangible User Interfaces (TUIs), a genre of human-computer interaction that uses spatially reconfigurable physical objects as representations and controls for digital information. The thesis supports the manipulation of information aggregates through systems of physical tokens and constraints. In these interfaces, physical tokens act as containers and parameters for referencing digital information elements and aggregates. Physical constraints are then used to map structured compositions of tokens onto a variety of computational interpretations. This approach is supported through the design and implementation of several systems. The mediaBlocks system enables people to use physical blocks to "copy and paste" digital media between specialized devices and general-purpose computers, and to physically compose and edit this content (e.g., to build multimedia presentations). This system also contributes new tangible interface techniques for binding, aggregating, and disaggregating sequences of digital information into physical objects.(cont.) Tangible query interfaces allow people to physically express and manipulate database queries. This system demonstrates ways in which tangible interfaces can manipulate larger aggregates of information. One of these query approaches has been evaluated in a user study, which has compared favorably with a best-practice graphical interface alternative. These projects are used to support the claim that physically constrained tokens can provide an effective approach for interacting with aggregates of digital information.by Brygg Anders Ullmer.Ph.D

Trends in eBusiness and eGovernment

Technology affects all areas. Business and government processes are changing with the use of the internet, mobile devices, internet of things, blockchain, machine learning, artificial intelligence and many other new technologies. In this book, it is aimed to focus the use of technology, new trends in business life and government covering the studies in all sub-areas of Information Systems, Knowledge Management, eBusiness, eCommerce, eMarketing, mCommerce, eGovernment, ePublic Services, eGovernance etc. The book consists of 7 chapters. Book chapter authors are reputable scientists from different countries of the world. The first chapter is a critical review and a case study in e-Business, with special attention to the digital currencies resource and its possibilities. The second chapter attempts to incorporate the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model with perceived risk theory (security risk and privacy risk) to explore its impact towards the intention to use m-government services. The third chapter aims to assess the level of gender inclusivity in the municipal e-procurement processes in the City of Johannesburg as a case study. The fourth chapter examines the impediments that derail the intensive uptake of eLearning programmes in a particular higher education institution. The fifth chapter investigated the role of Knowledge Management Systems (KMS) in enhancing the export performance of firms operating within the manufacturing sector in Zimbabwe. In the sixth chapter, a survey was undertaken on 131 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from Pelagonija region in order to determine the current level of SME digitalization within the region. It is aimed to compare with European Union (EU) average and to make conclusions on the impact of the SME digitalization to region gross domestic product (GDP) growth as well as revenues collection. The last chapter's purpose was to develop a measuring and modelling framework/instrument of Internet banking service quality (IBSQ) for the South African banking sector

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2009, nr 2

kwartalni

The role of intelligent systems in traditional courtyard houses in Baghdad, Iraq

PhD ThesisIntelligent systems (IS) are seen as a vital component in improving building performance. The research reported in this thesis explored the potential role of such systems in improving the performance of courtyard house types in Baghdad, Iraq. The Iraqi government’s intention to refurbish those courtyard houses that possess significant historical architectural value was based on modifying the ambient social and environmental condition to protect the occupants. The benefits of IS are generally to: provide environmental control and system control, reduce running costs, improve operational effectiveness and energy efficiency, maintenance/building upkeep, reliability/dependability, and last but not least monitoring and observation. However, the majority of IS research and development has been on commercial and office buildings, and although there were applications in dwelling houses, their potential benefit for certain house types, for example courtyard houses, has not been well understood. Against the background of the possible refurbishment of the courtyard house, the aim of this research is to explore the potential role of intelligent systems in improving the performance of the courtyard house type in Baghdad, Iraq. The main objectives of this research were to: (1) investigate the characteristics and features of the traditional courtyard house in Iraq, (2) investigate the meaning, nature and application of intelligent systems in buildings, (3) investigate the lifestyle of current users of traditional courtyard houses and how these buildings support their needs, (4) examine the potential role of IS in improving the performance of courtyard houses, and (5) make recommendations on the possible applications of IS to courtyard houses. Various research methods and strategies were adopted to achieve the defined aim of this research. These methods include an extensive literature review in both the areas of the courtyard house and intelligent buildings, and a case study was collected the data from two main sources through: (1) semi-structured interviews with twenty five architects and twenty four occupants, and (2) physical survey and observation of the traditional courtyard house type in the Al-Kadhimiya historic area. The qualitative method was used to analysis the data collection. Abstract The findings from the study identified the following new themes which provide the basis for exploring the research question: (1) Architectural value - key feature through the passive system of the traditional courtyard house type in the Al-Kadhimiya, (2) Limitation of space use, some spaces were not used, and the residents felt as if they were paralyzed at these times and (3) Requirement for new systems in this house type. It is concluded that the key features of the traditional courtyard house type are passive systems which support the lifestyle by achieving thermal comfort. Adding simple IS as applications which are integrated and wireless, with an actuator, will certainly help the residents enhance the house performance in Al-Kadhimiya. This will be done by: developing the level of control over the environment, reducing the environmental challenges, decreasing the social struggles, and supporting the response to the environment. This study contributes to the role of ISs in enhancing the performance of the traditional courtyard house. For the current users, these roles are achieved through three major steps: (1) the nature of IS in traditional courtyard house, (2) The priority of systems; (3) Using the courtyard house as a container for intelligent systems. Future users are likely to have a different lifestyle and so the level of intelligence may change; thus, the potential need for ISs might change too due to the type of IS and its operation. A clean air recirculation module is one application to be used in the traditional courtyard house type in Al-Kadhimiya, which can be selected to enhance house performance

International Navigation Market

Economic record of human society in the last period has involved an unprecedented growth of world trade, trafficking of basic raw materials needed for industry and agriculture, and trade in industrial products or food. To the huge volume of movement of goods, shipping takes back the role of first order both quantitatively as well as efficiency. This situation is encouraged by factors such as diversification of trade, number of participants in this process and the increasingly complex international trade