The potential for Port 4.0 in a small Norwegian seaport - A case study of the Port of Kristiansand’s container terminal

The Port and Maritime industry has since the 2010s undergone a significant digital transformation and is facing new challenges such as increased pressure regarding productivity, sustainability, as well as security and safety risks. This has, among other things, led to the development of smart ports. However, the adoption of automation has taken place in a slower pace than comparable sectors. Moreover, the literature related to smart port development in Norway is perceived as limited. Therefore, this study has attempted to elaborate a field of research to aid the port of Kristiansand and similar ports in Norway to develop into smart ports. The methodology of this thesis provides a qualitative approach for investigating the smart port potential in a small container terminal. Our study shows that the Port of Kristiansand is in an early stage towards a smart port status. Additionally, our findings indicate that there are substantial opportunities and potential for further development

The potential for Port 4.0 in a small Norwegian seaport - A case study of the Port of Kristiansand's container terminal

The Port and Maritime industry has since the 2010s undergone a significant digital transformation and is facing new challenges such as increased pressure regarding productivity, sustainability, as well as security and safety risks. This has, among other things, led to the development of smart ports. However, the adoption of automation has taken place in a slower pace than comparable sectors. Moreover, the literature related to smart port development in Norway is perceived as limited. Therefore, this study has attempted to elaborate a field of research to aid the port of Kristiansand and similar ports in Norway to develop into smart ports. The methodology of this thesis provides a qualitative approach for investigating the smart port potential in a small container terminal. Our study shows that the Port of Kristiansand is in an early stage towards a smart port status. Additionally, our findings indicate that there are substantial opportunities and potential for further development

Future Greener Seaports:A Review of New Infrastructure, Challenges, and Energy Efficiency Measures

Recently, the application of renewable energy sources (RESs) for power distribution systems is growing immensely. This advancement brings several advantages, such as energy sustainability and reliability, easier maintenance, cost-effective energy sources, and ecofriendly. The application of RESs in maritime systems such as port microgrids massively improves energy efficiency and reduces the utilization of fossil fuels, which is a serious threat to the environment. Accordingly, ports are receiving several initiatives to improve their energy efficiency by deploying different types of RESs based on the power electronic converters. This paper conducts a systematic review to provide cutting-edge state-of-the-art on the modern electrification and infrastructure of seaports taking into account some challenges such as the environmental aspects, energy efficiency enhancement, renewable energy integration, and legislative and regulatory requirements. Moreover, the technological methods, including electrifications, digitalization, onshore power supply applications, and energy storage systems of ports, are addressed. Furthermore, details of some operational strategies such as energy-aware operations and peak-shaving are delivered. Besides, the infrastructure scheme to enhance the energy efficiency of modern ports, including port microgrids and seaport smart microgrids are delivered. Finally, the applications of nascent technologies in seaports are presented

Plataforma de gestão para sistemas de transportes cooperativos

The rapid evolution of technology led to increased research in domains such as smart devices. As a result, the Internet of Things technology has expanded rapidly and is being used to solve challenges needing vast quantities of data from many devices. With this, the Smart City concept became more popular with the goal of establishing a healthy ecosystem in which the functioning of the city is enhanced. The European Commission subsequently adopted Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS), which enables road users and traffic controllers to share information and coordinate their actions. In addition, the Institute of Telecommunications (IT) group has placed and continues to install Road Side Units (RSUs) on Portuguese roads. These intelligent devices may have radars, cameras, or other elements that aid in determining traffic patterns. This dissertation emerges in the context of offering a C-ITS platform capable of addressing the demands of IT researchers and delivering feedback to them and regular road users on traffic behavior or alerts. For the development of a proof-of-concept system, a user-centered design approach was adopted, beginning with the identification of target users and the collection of key requirements generated from usage scenarios. The developed system implemented a micro-service architecture. The proof-of-concept is composed by several modules responsible for handling the camera stream, admin privileges, radars data, creation of alerts and several streams of data. The presented system showed to be capable of providing useful information to the users and administrators. By using the developed platform, users may see a collection of information as charts, interact with the RSUs installed on the roadways, generate and display alerts, and interact with the camera’s live stream.A rápida evolução da tecnologia levou ao aumento da investigação em domínios como dispositivos inteligentes. Como resultado, a tecnologia da Internet of Things tem-se expandido rapidamente e está a ser usada para resolver desafios que necessitam de vastas quantidades de dados de muitos dispositivos. Com isto, o conceito de Cidades Inteligentes começou a ficar mais popular tendo por objetivo estabelecer um ecosistema saudável em que o funcionamento da cidade é melhorado. A Comissão Europeia adotou posteriormente os Sistemas Inteligentes de Transporte Cooperativos (C-ITS), o que permite aos utilizadores de estrada e controladores de tráfego partilhar informações e coordenar as suas ações. Mais adiante, o grupo do Instituto de Telecomunicações (IT) colocou e continua a instalar infraestrutura de comunicações (RSUs) nas estradas portuguesas. Estes dispositivos inteligentes podem ter radares, câmaras ou outros elementos acoplados que ajudam a determinar os padrões de tráfego. Esta dissertação surge no contexto de oferecer uma plataforma C-ITS capaz de atender às necessidades dos investigadores do IT e fornecer-lhes feedback bem como aos utilizadores regulares de estrada sobre o comportamento ou alertas do tráfego. Para o desenvolvimento de um sistema como prova de conceito, uma abordagem centrada no utilizador foi adotada, começando com a identificação dos utilizadores alvo e a recolha de requisitos-chave gerados a partir de cenários de uso. O sistema desenvolvido implementou uma arquitetura baseada em micro-serviços, composto por vários módulos responsáveis por manipular o fluxo de câmaras, privilégios de administrador, dados de radares, criação de alertas e diversos fluxos de dados. O sistema apresentado mostrou-se capaz de fornecer informações úteis aos utilizadores e administradores. Através da utilização da plataforma desenvolvida, os utilizadores podem ver um conjunto de informações como gráficos, interagir com as RSUs instaladas nas rodovias, gerar e exibir alertas e interagir com a transmissão ao vivo da câmara.Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telemátic

Smart ports: towards a high performance, increased productivity, and a better environment

Ports are currently competing fiercely for capital and global investments in order to improve revenues, mostly by improving performance and lowering labor costs. Smart ports are a fantastic approach to realize these elements since they integrate information and communication technologies within smart applications, ultimately contributing to port management improvement. This leads to greater performance and lower operational expenses. As a result, several ports in Europe, Asia, Australia, and North America have gone smart. However, there are a lot of critical factors to consider when automating port operations, such as greenhouse gas emissions, which have reached alarming proportions. The purpose of this study is to define the most essential tasks conducted by smart ports, such as the smart ship industry, smart gantry and quayside container cranes, transport automation, smart containers, and energy efficiency. Furthermore, it gives a model of the smart port concept and highlights the critical current technologies on which the ports are based. Each technology’s most significant contributions to its development are noted. This technology is compared to more traditional technologies. It is hoped that this effort would pique the curiosity of fresh researchers in this sector

A modern teaching environment for process automation

Emergence of the new technological trends such as Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture (OPC UA), Industrial Ethernet, cloud computing and the 5th wireless network (5G) enabled the implementation of Cyber-physical System (CPS) with flexible, configurable, scalable and interoperable business models. This provides new opportunities for the process automation systems. On the other hand, the constant urge of industries for cost and material efficient processes demands a new automation paradigm with the latest tools and technologies which should be taken into account while teaching future automation engineers. In this thesis, the modern teaching environment for process automation is designed, implemented and described. This work explains the connections, configurations and the test of three mini plants including the Multiple Heat Exchanger, the Three-tank system and the Mixing Tank. In addition, OPC UA communication between the server and its clients has been tested. The plants are a part of the state of the art of the architecture that provides the access of ABB 800xA to the cloud services via OPC UA over the 5G test wireless network. This new paradigm changes the old automation hierarchy and enables the cross layered communication in the old architecture. This modern teaching environment prepares the students for the future automation challenges with the latest tools and merges data analytics, cloud computing and wireless network studies with process automation. It also provides the unique chance of testing the future trends together in this unique process automation setup